浸润AAO模板组装一维聚合物纳米阵列

以孔径为200 nm的多孔氧化铝膜(AAO)为模板,采用聚合物溶液或熔体浸润模板纳米孔的物理技术,进行了多种一维聚合物纳米阵列的制备研究.结果表明PA66、PP、ABS、TPU、PVDF、PA11等多种聚合物纳米管都能形成规整的阵列.探讨了聚合物性质、制备工艺与一维纳米管结构的关系和机理.     

浸润AAO模板法制备EVA纳米管阵列

采用聚合物溶液或熔体浸润多孔阳极氧化铝(AAO)模板的方法,在孔径为200 nm的AAO模板中成功制备了EVA纳米管阵列,用扫描电子显微镜对其微观形貌进行表征.结果表明溶液法制得纳米管管壁厚度随浓度而变化,质量分数5.0%和7.0%的EVA溶液制备的纳米管壁厚约为40 nm和60 nm.熔体法制得纳米管的长度受温度影响而不同.对模板法制备纳米管的形成机理进行了探讨.     

模板浸润法制备ABS纳米管阵列结构

采用简单的、聚合物溶液或熔体浸润多孔阳极氧化铝(AAO)模板的方法,制备了不同结构的ABS纳米管及其阵列。对于溶液法,溶液的浓度会影响纳米管完整性:2.5%溶液制得的ABS纳米管管壁具有微孔缺陷;而5.0%溶液可以制得完整的纳米管。对于熔融法,熔体的温度影响了纳米管的结构:240℃和270℃都可以制得ABS纳米管,但其管壁和管长都不同。ABS纳米管的分解温度比本体ABS低100℃左右。     

模板法组装尼龙-66/铂同轴纳米电缆的研究

采用简单的溶液浸润多孔氧化铝模板的方法制备了PA66的纳米管,再以这种含有PA66纳米管的模板作为“二次模板”,通过电化学沉积技术,在聚合物纳米管内部沉积金属铂纳米线,制得了PA66/铂同轴纳米电缆。用SEM和TEM等测试手段对所制备的聚合物纳米管和同轴纳米电缆进行了表征。     

一维非碳纳米结构材料研究的动向

总结了近几年来国内外一维非碳纳米结构材料领域研究的最新进展,其中包括纳米管、纳米线、纳米带等一维非碳纳米结构的合成与表征及其适用化的可能性;评述了一种结构和形状新颖的纳米材料-Cu-Zn-Al合金一维纳米结构;根据国际纳米材料的发展趋势分析了一维非碳纳米结构材料目前存在的问题和可能取得的重大突破及新的研究热点。     

纳米三氧化钼一维材料研究现状

纳米三氧化钼一维材料因其特殊的性能和应用价值而受到越来越多的关注，广泛应用于催化剂、显示设备、传感器、智能窗、电池电极和润滑油等领域。介绍了纳米三氧化钼一维材料的结构、性质、制备方法、应用领域，以及模板剂在纳米三氧化钼制备中的作用。对纳米三氧化钼一维材料进行了分类介绍，包括纳米线／纳米棒、纳米带、纳米管。并概述了纳米三氧化钼的研究现状及发展趋势。     

一维V_2O_5纳米材料在锂离子电池正极材料中的应用及其研究进展

综述了一维纳米结构的锂离子电池正极材料V_2O_5的研究进展,阐述了一维纳米结构V_2O_5(纳米线、纳米棒、纳米管、纳米带)的制备及其表面改性和复合改性的方法,其中包括水热法、静电纺丝法、模板法等,总结了一维纳米结构的V_2O_5材料在二次锂离子电池正极材料的应用。最后,就一维V_2O_5纳米材料在锂离子电池中的应用前景进行了展望。     

多段异质纳米线研究取得进展

最近,中科院固体物理所盂国文小组在“多段异质纳米线与纳米管组成的分支结构”研究方面取得进展。科研人员以分支形貌孔的氧化铝为模板,采用电沉积（生长纳米线）与化学气相沉积技术（生长纳米管）结合,获得了4种由纳米线／纳米管联结组成的复杂分支结构。在此基础上,他们在化学气相沉积前,用选择腐蚀技术腐蚀掉一小段纳米线．紧接着在纳米线的两端生长纳米管,从而筑了3种由纳米管／纳米线／纳米管组成的三段异质分支纳米结构。     

氧化铝模板中Ag纳米线阵列的选择性生长

利用Ag离子与Br离子之间的化学沉积作用在孔隙中充满明胶的阳极氧化铝（AAO）模板中制备了AgBr/AAO纳米介孔复合材料.材料选择性曝光后,利用原位显影液对其进行化学显影,在AAO模板中选择性得到Ag纳米线阵列.实验结果表明：Ag纳米线是连续的、致密的,且具有多晶结构,充满了曝光部分的模板孔隙.本文还对影响Ag纳米线选择性生长的因素进行了简单讨论.     

Ni纳米线阵列的电化学组装及磁性能研究

利用二次氧化法制备了多孔阳极氧化铝(AAO)模板,通过恒电位沉积法在模板内组装了Ni纳米线阵列。采用SEM、TEM、SAED、EDS和VSM等检测技术对填孔过程、阵列形貌、结构和磁性能进行了分析和表征。结果表明,Ni纳米线在纳米孔中的生长过程经历四个阶段,填孔终止时间控制在第三阶段。适宜AAO模板中Ni纳米线沉积的电位为-0.9 V,pH为3.5。Ni纳米线是沿着(111)方向生长的单晶结构。当外磁场平行或垂直Ni纳米线阵列时,在磁场强度周期变化下,测量纳米线阵列磁滞现象的闭合磁化曲线,Ni纳米线阵列在平行和垂直两个方向的磁性不同,剩余磁化强度Mr与饱和磁化强度Ms之比分别为0.282和0.055,其矫顽力是293 Oe、100 Oe。     

Photolithographic Approaches for Fabricating Highly Ordered Nanopatterned Arrays

In this work, we report that large area metal nanowire and polymer nanotube arrays were successfully patterned by photolithographic approach using anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates. Nanowires were produced by electrochemical deposition, and nanotubes by solution-wetting. The highly ordered patterns of nanowire and nanotube arrays were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and found to stand free on the substrate. The method is expected to play an important role in the application of microdevices in the future.     

Fabrication of nanowire network AAO and its application in SERS

In this paper, nanowire network anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) was fabricated by just adding a simple film-eroding process after the production of porous AAO. After depositing 50 nm of Au onto the surface, nanowire network AAO can be used as ultrasensitive and high reproducibility surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate. The average Raman enhancement factor of the nanowire network AAO SERS substrate can reach 5.93 × 10⁶, which is about 14% larger than that of commercial Klarite® substrates. Simultaneously, the relative standard deviations in the SERS intensities are limited to approximately 7%. All of the results indicate that our large-area low-cost high-performance nanowire structure AAO SERS substrates have a great advantage in chemical/biological sensing applications.     

用多孔氧化铝膜为模板制备Fe磁性纳米线

铝在0．3mol／L草酸或硫酸介质中经过阳极氧化,得到不同孔径的多孔氧化铝模板,在此模板中电解沉积的Fe纳米线排布规则、有序,长径比约为150。根据测量的磁滞回线,可以看到制备的铁纳米线具有较大的磁各向异性,其垂直方向具有较高的矫顽力。     

Fe21Ni79合金纳米线阵列的制备与磁性

用交流电化学沉积方法，在多孔铝阳极氧化膜的柱形孔内制备直径约60 nm，长度约为9.7 μm的Fe₂₁Ni₇₉合金纳米线.采用扫描电镜、透射电镜、X射线衍射仪和振动样品磁强计对纳米线的形貌 、结构和磁学性质进行了测试.结果表明，Fe₂₁Ni₇₉纳米线排列有序，长径比可控，合金呈fcc结构.当将其在外磁场下进行垂直磁化时，磁滞回线出现较高的矩形比0.86，矫顽力达1203Oe.且随着退火温度升高，矫顽力迅速增大，500℃时达到最大值1315Oe，之后又随退火温度的升高而下降.矩形比也呈现类似的变化规律.     

Preparation of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer nanotubes by wetting of anodic alumina oxide (AAO) method

Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) nanotube arrays were successfully prepared through wetting of anodic alumina oxide (AAO) template with polymer melt or solution, a simple physical technique. The results of scanning electron microscope (SEM) demonstrate that the wall thickness of nanotubes via solution wetting method varies from the concentrations of solutions. The EVA nanotubes, obtained from 5.0 to 7.0 wt% EVA solutions, are ca. 40 nm and ca. 60 nm, respectively. As for melt wetting method, the length of nanotubes depends on temperature and the flow properties of polymer melt. The mechanism of forming the nanotubes has been also discussed.     

Through-hole membranes of nanoporous alumina formed by anodizing in oxalic acid and their applications in fabrication of nanowire arrays

The nanopore arrays were fabricated by two-step self-organized anodization of aluminum carried out in 0.3 M oxalic acid at the temperature of 20 °C. This relatively high temperature shortens significantly the anodizing time and allows to fabricate quickly thick through-hole membranes without the additional operating cost of a cooling circuit. The structural features of anodic porous alumina such as pore diameter, interpore distance, porosity, pore density and pore circularity were investigated at various durations of pore opening/widening process carried out in 5% H₃PO₄. An excellent agreement of AAO structural features measured in FE-SEM images of the studied samples with results from software calculations was observed. The pore shape can be monitored qualitatively by fast Fourier transforms (FFTs) and quantitatively by calculation the percentage of pore circularity. Additionally, the regularity of the hexagonal arrangement of nanopores in through-hole AAO membranes was compared for various opening/widening time ranging from 40 to 100 min. It was shown that three-dimensional (3D) representations of FE-SEM images and their surface-height distribution diagrams provide interesting information about the surface roughness evolution during the pore opening/widening process. A template-assisted fabrication of Ag and Sn nanowire arrays by electrochemical deposition into the pores of the prepared AAO templates was also successfully demonstrated.     

Fabrication of vertically aligned Pd nanowire array in AAO template by electrodeposition using neutral electrolyte

A vertically aligned Pd nanowire array was successfully fabricated on an Au/Ti substrate using an anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template by a direct voltage electrodeposition method at room temperature using diluted neutral electrolyte. The fabrication of Pd nanowires was controlled by analyzing the current–time transient during electrodeposition using potentiostat. The AAO template and the Pd nanowires were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) methods and X-Ray diffraction (XRD). It was observed that the Pd nanowire array was standing freely on an Au-coated Ti substrate after removing the AAO template in a relatively large area of about 5 cm², approximately 50 nm in diameter and 2.5 μm in length with a high aspect ratio. The nucleation rate and the number of atoms in the critical nucleus were determined from the analysis of current transients. Pd nuclei density was calculated as 3.55 × 10⁸ cm⁻². Usage of diluted neutral electrolyte enables slower growing of Pd nanowires owing to increase in the electrodeposition potential and thus obtained Pd nanowires have higher crystallinity with lower dislocations. In fact, this high crystallinity of Pd nanowires provides them positive effect for sensor performances especially.     

Preparation of highly ordered ZnO nanowire arrays by paired-cell deposition

Highly ordered ZnO nanowire arrays were fabricated by paired cell method into nanoporous anodic alumina oxide (AAO) template. ZnO nanowires were uniformly assembled into the ordered channels of the AAO template. TEM and selected-area electron diffraction patterns indicated that the ZnO nanowires grow as a single crystal. The factors influencing the final filled density of ZnO nanowires, including the solution concentration and the diffusing temperature are discussed briefly. In addition, the possible mechanism is also proposed to account for the growth of the ZnO nanowires in the AAO template. This result has established that this paired cell method makes it possible to grow single-crystalline ZnO nanowires in the AAO template under appropriate conditions.     

Structural and photoelectrochemical characterization of TiO2 nanowire/nanotube electrodes by electrochemical etching

TiO₂ nanowire/nanotube electrodes were synthesized by anodization of titanium foils in ethylene glycol solution containing 0.5 wt% NH₄F and 1 wt% water at 60 V for 6 h. The microstructure and morphology of the asprepared electrodes were investigated by XRD and SEM. A possible formation mechanism and oxidation parameters of nanocomposite structure were discussed. The relationship between structural characteristics of TiO₂ nanowire/nanotube electrodes and its photoelectrochemical characterization were evaluated by electrochemical analyzer and photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) solution. Furthermore, these TiO₂ nanowire/nanotube electrodes promoted the photoelectrochemical characterization due to the larger surface areas, enhanced light harvesting and electron transport rate. The results show that photocurrent density of 1.44mA/cm² and photocatalytic degradation of 95.51% was achieved for TiO₂ nanowire/nanotube electrodes, which were 0.55mA/cm² and 20.52% higher than the TiO₂ nanotube electrodes under a similar condition, respectively.