基于发动机动态试验台的驾驶员纵向操纵特性对汽车动力系统性能影响的研究

在发动机动态试验台上实现了对车辆、道路载荷、驾驶员操纵特性及整车行驶工况的动态模拟,并在国内首次利用发动机动态试验台对驾驶员纵向操纵特性对动力系统性能的影响进行了研究。具体包括动力性和经济性两类换挡规律对汽车加速性能和基于EUDC工况的百公里油耗的影响,以及换挡动作快和换挡动作慢两类驾驶员对汽车起步和换挡过程品质影响的研究。通过发动机动态试验台的试验,得出了驾驶员的纵向操纵特性对汽车动力性、燃油经济性和换挡品质的影响的规律,提高了我国对发动机动态试验台的应用水平。     

大兆瓦风电主轴承多工况载荷谱编制

风电主轴承进行台架疲劳寿命试验时,实际工况下测得的原始载荷数据频率变化太快,无法直接在试验台加载,有效处理原始载荷数据并制作成便于试验台加载的轴承载荷谱是整个疲劳试验的基础,也是疲劳寿命估算的理论依据.以某型号2.5 MW风电主轴承为例,进行了一种全新的多工况全载荷轴承载荷谱的编制.通过从单一工况延展到多种工况,由一种载荷合并为全载荷,编制方法的核心是雨流计数法统计原始载荷,再利用威布尔三参数方程扩展已知数据,最终得到了该型风机主轴承在30种工况下的10级实验载荷谱.本载荷谱既保留了原始数据的基本特征,又简化了加载方式,使得轴承试验加载成为可能.     

发动机连杆拉压模拟疲劳试验台研制

为了研究发动机连杆在拉压载荷下的疲劳特性,基于美国M公司的LabVIEW开发环境和CompactRIO嵌入式控制器,研制了发动机连杆拉压模拟疲劳试验台,该试验台采用了液压伺服的加载方式对连杆进行了拉压加载.根据发动机实际运行工况下连杆主要承受着循环交变拉压载荷,而最大压缩载荷要大于最大拉伸载荷的特点,采用了非对称的加载...     

多功能全工况金属弹性密封圈试验台研制

为评价航空发动机金属弹性密封圈在全工况下的性能,研制一种可模拟金属弹性密封圈全工况条件的多功能试验台,该试验台可实现受轴向加载的金属弹性密封圈的高温密封试验,能完成精确模拟压缩量的弹性试验以及轴向载荷谱加载的疲劳试验等,为评价金属弹性密封圈性能提供试验手段。采用该试验台对某W形封严环进行密封、弹性、疲劳试验。试验结果与样件产品的性能参数相当,并在试验中实现了精确模拟压缩量以及轴向载荷谱的加载。     

基于室内六通道汽车零部件道路模拟研究

多轴模拟试验台(multi-axial simulation table,MAST)系统用六通道模拟试验台系统模拟汽车零部件在空间的六个自由度运动状态,精确地在试验台上再现汽车零部件的实际运行环境.通过对发动机支承实际道路载荷的采集、整理迭代计算得到了用于台架试验的加载谱,其结果可对发动机支承进行可靠性试验和动态性能试验.     

基于AMEsim的电液负载模拟系统

针对中小型试验台缺少加载设备条件下,如何简单、有效的模拟实际工况负载问题,提出比例溢流阀闭环加载对实际工况载荷谱进行模拟的方案,并通过AMESim仿真及具体实验实现注塑机载荷谱模拟,验证了这一方案的正确、有效性。为实现动力源特性、电液控制算法、机电液耦合特性等方面的研究提供了接近实际工况的模拟加载技术。     

汽车变速器试验台加载技术的研究

为了有效地对汽车机械式变速器进行综合性能试验,准确地模拟汽车行驶中的典型工况,研究开发了变速器综合性能试验台,并对试验台加载技术进行了分析研究.实现了被试件工况的可靠模拟.为变速器质量的检测提供更加科学准确的试验数据.     

公共直流母线电封闭式变速器试验台控制系统设计

文章介绍了一种汽车变速器在线检测试验台,该试验台采用了公共直流母线电封闭式的系统结构,相比较开放式试验台、机械封闭式试验台等其他形式的试验台,具有结构简单、加载灵活、能量利用率高等优点。试验台系统中采用3台交流伺服电机分别对变速器进行驱动和加载,模拟车辆实际运行情况下变速器的工况。试验台控制系统采用以西门子S7-1500系列CPU 1513-1 PN型PLC作为主控制器,以西门子ET 200pro作为分布式I/O控制器,以西门子SINAMICS S120系列伺服控制器作为电机控制器,构建基于PROFINET工业以太网的控制系统。     

基于电液比例技术的汽车变速器试验台加载系统

电液比例技术应用于汽车变速器试验台加载系统，使系统简化，易于实现实时控制和在线监测。借助于工控机对系统压力和方向进行远距离程控调节，从而实现试验检测所需的实际载荷工况模拟。系统采用计算机技术实现PID控制，可以根据系统性能指标调整PID参数，具有良好的适用性和灵活性。     

摆动摩擦副摩擦磨损模拟试验台研制

针对发动机不同型号连杆小端轴承摩擦磨损试验,设计并研制一种摆动摩擦副的摩擦磨损试验台。试验台由摆动机构、液压加载系统、数据采集和PC控制系统三大部分组成。以变频调速电机作为驱动装置实现试验台被测摩擦副的相对摆动;设计液压系统作为试验台载荷激励源,以模拟发动机爆发压力;通过改变脉宽调制(PWM)信号的频率和占空比,采用计算机控制技术实现对载荷激励的控制。试验台工作转速、激励幅值、激励频率可调范围大,信号采集、分析处理及存储均可自动完成,能满足不同规格、不同工况的发动机摆动摩擦副摩擦磨损模拟试验要求。     

转向工况下的混合动力汽车电子差速控制技术

混合动力汽车在转向过程中易受轮胎垂向载荷、侧向力等因素的影响,为保证其稳定行驶,提出了基于改进相对滑移率的混合动力汽车电子差速控制技术。考虑车辆驾驶时轮胎垂向载荷、侧向力和侧偏角等因素,运用刚体运动原理构建混合动力汽车动力学模型;以车外某点为圆心,通过阿克曼理论计算前轴内外车轮转向角,参考汽车质心速率推算内外车轮转向工况下行驶速度,明确双驱动轮转速;推算内外侧转速和驱动轮距真实转速的耦合关系,将相对滑移率拟作差速控制参数,计算车辆系统性能指标,利用线性二次模型推导差速控制规律,以系统性能指标最小为目标,构建车辆系统最佳差速控制器。结果表明,所提技术能将电子差速滑转率控制在极低水平,降低了车辆的打滑概率,显著提升了车辆驾驶安全性。     

单电机式强混合动力车辆控制策略

提出了基于一种新型的单电机、双离合器式强混合动力结构的车辆分层控制系统方案,制定了整车能量管理策略,并研究了车辆行进中启动发动机过程的动态协调控制方法。通过自行开发的前向仿真系统对能量管理策略进行了验证,在NEDC循环工况下等效百公里油耗降低了34%。同时通过动态台架试验,对车辆行进中启动发动机的动态协调控制策略进行了验证。     

Car Fuel Economy Simulation Forecast Method Based on CVT Efficiencies Measured from Bench Test

Researchers face di culties in studying the e ects of driveline e ciency on car fuel economy via bench and road tests because of long working periods, high costs, and heavy workloads. To simplify the study process and shorten test cycles, a car fuel economy simulation forecast method for combining computer simulation forecasting with bench tests is proposed. Taking a continuously variable transmission(CVT) as the research object, a transmission e ?ciency model based on a bench test is constructed. An optimal economic variogram based on the original CVT vari?ogram, the boundary conditions of vehicle performance, the road conditions and the driving behavior of the driver is generated in the Gear Shift Program(GSP)?Generation module in AVL Cruise. And on this basis a driveline simulation model that can calculate the fuel consumption based on the driveline data of a test car is built. The model is used to forecast fuel consumption and calculate real?time CVT e ciency under di erent conditions. Contrastive analyses on simulation results and real car drum test results are made. The largest error between simulation results and drum test results in driving cycles is 4.099%, which is 5.449% under constant velocity condition in driver control mode and 4.2% under constant velocity condition in automatic cruise mode. The results confirm the feasibility of the method and the good performance of the driveline simulation model in accurately forecasting fuel consumption. The method can e ciently investigate the e ects of driveline e ciency on car fuel economy. Moreover, this research provides instruc?tion for accurately forecasting fuel economy as well as references for studies on the e ects of drivelines on car fuel economy.     

基于路谱载荷的副车架加速耐久台架试验的开发与应用

以试验场路试中某车型前副车架控制臂安装点处焊缝开裂失效为研究对象,对控制臂的路谱载荷进行了采集。将控制臂安装点处的路谱载荷,运用雨流计数法,并根据虚拟的S-N曲线和Miner线性疲劳损伤累积理论,得到路谱载荷下控制臂安装点的伪损伤。根据损伤等效原理,反推出在一定循环次数下,与路谱载荷损伤等效的等幅载荷的幅值。利用等幅载荷对副车架进行加速耐久台架试验验证,发现失效模式、失效寿命与试验场整车试验取得了较好的相关性。通过加速耐久台架试验,快速验证了改进方案,并通过了后续的试验场路试验证。     

Car Fuel Economy Simulation Forecast Method Based on CVT Efficiencies Measured from Bench Test

Researchers face difficulties in studying the effects of driveline efficiency on car fuel economy via bench and road tests because of long working periods, high costs, and heavy workloads. To simplify the study process and shorten test cycles, a car fuel economy simulation forecast method for combining computer simulation forecasting with bench tests is proposed. Taking a continuously variable transmission (CVT) as the research object, a transmission efficiency model based on a bench test is constructed. An optimal economic variogram based on the original CVT variogram, the boundary conditions of vehicle performance, the road conditions and the driving behavior of the driver is generated in the Gear Shift Program (GSP)-Generation module in AVL Cruise. And on this basis a driveline simulation model that can calculate the fuel consumption based on the driveline data of a test car is built. The model is used to forecast fuel consumption and calculate real-time CVT efficiency under different conditions. Contrastive analyses on simulation results and real car drum test results are made. The largest error between simulation results and drum test results in driving cycles is 4.099%, which is 5.449% under constant velocity condition in driver control mode and 4.2% under constant velocity condition in automatic cruise mode. The results confirm the feasibility of the method and the good performance of the driveline simulation model in accurately forecasting fuel consumption. The method can efficiently investigate the effects of driveline efficiency on car fuel economy. Moreover, this research provides instruction for accurately forecasting fuel economy as well as references for studies on the effects of drivelines on car fuel economy.     

Fatigue life analysis of wheels on guideway vehicle using multibody dynamics

A guideway vehicle is used in automobile, semiconductor and LCD manufacturing industries to transport products efficiently. Since the operating speed of the guideway vehicle should be increased for maximum productivity, the weight of the vehicle has to be reduced, and this weight reduction may cause a failure of a part in the system. Therefore, the estimation of the fatigue life of the parts becomes an important problem. In this study, the fatigue life of the wheels in the guideway vehicle is estimated using an S-N curve. To obtain the fatigue life of a part, the S-N curve, the dynamic stress time history applied to the part, and the material property of the part are required. The S-N curve of the driving wheel is obtained from the fatigue experiment on wheels. To obtain the material properties of the driving wheel, which is composed of aluminum with urethane coating, the result of a compression hardware test and static analysis of the wheel’s FE model are used. The dynamic stress time history influencing the driving wheel can be obtained from linear superposition of the dynamic load time history and the static stress. The dynamic load time history is estimated by multibody dynamic analysis, and the static stress is obtained by finite element analysis.     

工业计量泵数字变频动态补偿控制研究

针对工业计量泵在负载波动情况下的定量控制精度和驱动模快发热问题,对计量泵的工作模型和驱动电机的控制方法进行了研究,提出了一种数字变频动态补偿方法。首先采用霍尔磁钢和霍尔传感器,实时观测计量泵驱动电机的转速变化,将电机的转速波动转换为时间波动,然后对转换后的时间环路运用抗积分饱和PI算法调节转矩电流,再运用相同的方法在电流环路中调节电压,实现了对转速的动态补偿,最后将计量泵动态补偿前后定量控制精度和驱动电机温升的测试结果进行了对比分析。研究结果表明,该控制方法可对驱动电机实施有效的动态补偿,既能减小计量泵定量控制的相对误差,又能降低无功损耗和驱动模块发热。     

车用自适应前照灯系统设计与研究

为了实现前照灯系统能够自动根据车辆行驶状态灵活调整光轴位置和光照形式,结合车辆行驶特点,以国标GB7454-1987和CAN2.0通讯协议为设计准则,综合采用了控制器局域网(CAN)总线技术、传感器技术、控制技术,完成了自适应前照灯系统硬件及软件设计,并进行了实验室CAN/LIN台架试验和实车试验。台架试验表明,该系统的测试精度满足国标规定的使用要求,实车试验也表明,装配有自适应前照灯系统比未装配自适应前照灯系统的光照区域范围更加合理,极大地提高了行车安全性。     

一种混联式HEV瞬时优化监控策略的研究

以一种新型混联式混合动力电动汽车为具体对象，研究以瞬时等效燃油经济性为优化目标的能量管理监控策略。通过基于混合动力电动汽车整车及动力总成相关数学模型所建立的MATLAB／Simulink仿真优化平台，搜寻出了全部转速一转矩需求条件下动力总成各元件的理想能量分配及相应挡位，以MAP图的形式存储于车载监控器中。监控器根据混合动力电动汽车荷电保持的设计要求，按瞬时工况调用这些MAP图，以简单查表计算方式对理想值实时地作适当修正和调整。监控策略的有效性、实时性通过若干典型行驶工况仿真及实车应用得以证实，展现出良好的实用价值。     

汽车车灯起雾、进水验证方法综述

汽车车灯出现雾气及冷凝水,既影响美观又造成相关行车不安全的因素,引起用户抱怨,进而影响主机厂声誉。而目前常用的台架淋雨试验反映不出实车温度场的状态,测试方法较为单一,因此需进一步拓展车灯起雾、进水的检测方案,以弥补台架淋雨检测方法的不足。