无传感器磁轴承转子位置自检测原理研究

本文主要介绍了一种无传感器磁轴承转子位置自检测的方法,该方法不需要专用的位移传感器.由于线圈的电感是转子位移的函数,故其两端的电压也为转子位移的函数,在磁轴承系统的线性功率放大器的输入端注入一高频信号作为转子位置的测试信号,将线圈端电压经过谐振电路来提取含有位置信号的高频电压信号,再将电压信号进行精密半波整流后得到脉动的直流信号,最后通过低通滤波器得到平滑的转子位移直流信号,由PID控制器转换为转子位移的控制信号,仿真试验证明了该方法的可行性.     

基于双层平面螺旋电感的无线柔性压力传感器结构设计

新型柔性传感器在电子皮肤、智能纺织、柔性机器人等领域得到了广泛的研究。目前多数传感器需要连接刚性的采集电路,这限制了设备柔软性、舒适性和轻盈度的提升。提出了一种基于双层平面螺旋电感的柔性无线无源压力传感器。该传感包含三层柔性层:双层平面螺旋电感(天线层)、高磁导率铁氧体膜和弹性织物层。其中,双层平面螺旋电感层包括两个旋转方向相反的平面线圈,形成具有大电感量、大电容量的LC谐振器。外界压力载荷改变传感器的谐振频率,进而被外界接收线圈无线检测。通过研究四种双层螺旋电感天线层的结构设计,传感器的灵敏度最大可达到0.11 MHz/k Pa,检测距离达到18 mm。这种基于双层平面螺旋电感的柔性无线无源压力传感器打破了有线电气连接的限制,可在下一代医疗系统、智能机器人等领域中发挥巨大的应用潜能。     

一种高速磁浮列车位移传感器的研究

对平面线圈在高速磁悬浮列车位移测量中的应用进行了理论研究和电磁场分析,并对平面线圈的电感量采用有限元方法进行了计算.为高速磁浮列车定位测速传感器的设计提供了理论分析与支持,并进行了实验验证.     

基于相空间模糊熵算法的金属缺陷形状辨识

提出了一种多线圈涡流无损检测方法,通过相空间模糊熵算法分析涡流信号复杂度,进而实现对金属微小缺陷形状的辨识.为了从足够的测量信息中获取有效的缺陷特征,设计了多线圈传感器模型.通过仿真实验选取适合的传感器参数和激励模式.采用相空间模糊熵算法,研究不同大小、深度、形状的缺陷对涡流信号复杂度的影响.为了准确提取涡流信号的内在规律,获得对缺陷敏感的信号分析结果,对涡流信号进行相空间重构,并在重构的相空间中计算信号的模糊熵.分析结果表明:随着缺陷体积的增加,模糊熵增大,涡流信号的复杂度增加.根据不同形状缺陷的模糊熵均值分布图,可以实现对孔、洞、裂缝3种缺陷较精确的区分.     

基于电感传感器的玻璃浮子流量计测量模型研究

本文利用电感传感器原理检测浮子位移的变化,实现玻璃浮子流量计的信号远传。采用玻璃锥管内嵌铁芯,锥管外缠绕漆包线的方法设计了电感传感器,然后在钟罩式气体流量标准装置上对该传感器进行了实验研究,通过对实验数据拟合分别得到浮子刻度与线圈电感的近似线性关系和线圈电感与气体流量的函数关系即流量测量模型,并对此模型进行了验证,其精度优于2.5级。     

磁悬浮轴承转子位移自检测系统研究

研究一种无传感器磁轴承转子位置自检测的方法,该方法不需要专用的位移传感器,因为线圈的电感是转子位移的函数,故其两端的电压也为转子位移的函数,在磁轴承系统的线性功放的输入端注入一高频信号作为转子位置的测试信号,将线圈端电压经过谐振电路来提取含有位置信号的高频电压信号,再将电压信号进行精密半波整流后得到脉动的直流信号,最后,通过低通滤波器得到平滑的转子位移直流信号,经由PID控制器和功放对转子位移进行闭环控制,测试结果证明:此方法是可行的。     

纳升级生物样品核磁共振微检测高信噪比平面螺旋微线圈的设计

论述了纳升(nL)级生物样品核磁共振微检测技术中,高信噪比平面螺旋微线圈的设计方法及结果,介绍了这种检测技术的优点与缺点,并提出了改进方法。论述了核磁共振平面螺旋微线圈检测方法的理论基础,推导出自由感应衰减信号的信噪比与线圈几何参数的数学关系,利用MATLAB软件对信噪比进行了仿真,得到了最优信噪比条件下的线圈几何参数值,同时计算出相应的品质因数。最后,概括了平面螺旋形微线圈几何参数设计的一般原则。     

一种用于盘孔裂纹检测的差动式涡流探头的设计与实现

为了实现对某型发动机篦齿盘均压孔的原位、无损探伤,设计了一种差动式的涡流检测探头,探头由一个激励线圈和两个感应线圈组成,由于检测线圈结构上的对称性使得探头对盘孔周边的表面裂纹敏感,同时对激励线圈和检测线圈匝数比的优化设计也能有效增强输出的差动信号,降低干扰。信号调理电路采用正交锁相放大对输出进行正交分解,得到包含信号幅值和相位信息的两路直流分量作为裂纹检测的特征量。对篦齿盘均压孔标准试件的检测结果表明该探头能够很好地实现盘孔周边微小裂纹的检测,灵敏度高。同时,这种差动式的探头结构同样也可用于其它盘孔的裂纹检测。     

平面变压器在反激变换器中的应用与研究

平面变压器相对于传统变压器具有漏感低、转换效率高、散热性能好等优点.基于反激变换器设计一款高频平面变压器,选择印制电路板(PCB)作为绕制线圈,线圈绕制方式选择分层交错叠放式,随后利用Maxwell仿真软件对平面变压器的参数进行仿真,然后制作实物,最后通过测试变压器的电感量与漏感来验证平面变压器设计的可行性.     

直线同步电机气隙检测的电磁分析

基于直线同步电机的气隙检测,对电涡流传感器线圈电感与矽钢叠片电磁特性之间关系分析和实验研究,认为线圈电感随间隙的变化电感效应起了主要作用,建立了基于磁场镜像法的电磁计算模型,计算了空载和矽钢叠片影响下的电感,与仿真结果对比和分析,并得出结论:间隙小于10mm时,计算和仿真结果误差比较小,为复杂结构线圈提供可行的近似计算方法。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.