充气紫外光电管的特性研究

本文从理论上简述了充气紫外光电管的金属光电特性、气体放电特性、以及其灵敏度和本底特性，并分析了影响其特性的关键因素，指出了其使用的局限性。     

GPRS通信系统安全性浅析

本文主要介绍了GPRS通信系统的安全，重点讨论了鉴权，身份识别，加密等安全特性，并简要描述了这些安全特性的实现。     

真空中电极间隙的预击穿特性研究

本文对真空中的预击穿特性进行了研究，分析了影响真空中电极间隙预击穿特性的因素，并对真空灭弧室的顶击穿特性进行了研究。     

光学非整数频谱分析系统

本文研究了光波场的Ｗｉｇｎｅｒ分布函数的特性，并利用这种特性构造了非整数频谱分析系统。     

SOIMOS器件的低温特性

本文概述性地探讨了低温ＳＯＩＭＯＳ器件的基本特性，如电流－电压特性、迁移率、阈值电压及亚阈值特性等，并介绍了该器件中所存在的一些效应。     

加载宽带天线分析

本文采用混合法分析了位于有限大地面上的加载天线，并计算其相关特性，结果表明，该类天线可得到良好的宽带特性。     

一种数字窄带自适应陷波算法

本文从数字窄带陷波器的设计入手，给出了一种跟踪陷波的算法，并对该陷波器的陷波特性与跟踪特性进行了仿真。     

虚拟仪器技术及其发展趋势

本文对虚拟仪器技术的发展及其特点进行了介绍，重点阐述了虚拟仪器的不同构成形式及其特性，以及虚拟仪器的图形化编程平台LabVIEW的特性，并说明了虚拟仪器的发展趋势。     

UHF频段衰落信道的仿真

在通信卫星发射前，为了验证地面设备的工作特性，本文设计了一个测试平台，模拟ＵＨＦ频段信道衰落特性，并给出了衰落与多普勒环境下设备性能测试情况。     

英国国家物理实验室的光纤测量标准

本文重点介绍了英国国家物理实验室为光纤物理特性和传输特性而建立的测量标准及设备，并讨论了误差源。     

A Motion Picture Coding Algorithm Using Adaptive DCT Encoding Based on Coefficient Power Distribution Classification

A motion picture coding algorithm using motion-compensated interframe prediction and the adaptive discrete cosine transform (DCT) encoding technique is proposed. High coding efficiency is obtained by the adaptive DCT encoding technique in which encoding parameters are fitted to widely varying characteristics of the interframe differential signal. Segmented DCT subblocks of interframe prediction error are classified into categories based on their coefficient power distribution characteristics. The adaptation gain results from using a suitable variable word length code set designated by the above classification for encoding each quantization index of DCT coefficients. In addition, a new coding parameter control method is introduced based on the information rate estimation of the current frame. This classification promotes high stability because good estimation accuracy of bits consumption for each DCT subblock is obtained by utilizing the category indexes. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has enough coding efficiency to transmit videoconferencing motion pictures through a 384 kbit/s channel.     

Optimised feature map finite-state vector quantisation for imagecoding

An optimised feature map finite-state vector quantisation (referred to as optimised FMFSVQ) is presented for image coding. Based on the block-based gradient descent search algorithm used for motion estimation in video coding, the optimised FMFSVQ system finds a neighbourhood-based optimal codevector for each input vector by extending the associated state codebook stage by stage, thus rendering each state quantiser a variable rate vector quantisation. The optimised FMFSVQ system can be interpreted as a cascade of a finite-state vector quantiser and classified vector quantisers. Furthermore, an adaptive optimised FMFSVQ is obtained. Experiments demonstrate the superior rate-distortion performance of the adaptive optimised FMFSVQ compared with the original adaptive FMFSVQ and the memoryless vector quantisation     

On the adaptive three-dimensional transform coding techniques for moving images

In this paper, an adaptive three-dimensional transform coding technique based on the 3-D discrete cosine transform (DCT) for removing the temporal correlation is proposed. Because of the nonstationary nature of the image data, the energy distribution in a 3-D DCT block varies along the vertical, horizontal and temporal directions. Thus, adaptive schemes, such as the 3-D classification, the classified linear scanning technique and the VLC table selection scheme, are used to take local variations into account. Also, in our approach, a hybrid technique, which adaptively combines relatively simple inter-frame coding with intra-frame coding, is presented. Through intensive computer simulations, the performance of the proposed 3-D transform coding technique is evaluated on several well-known moving sequences. The results show that, especially for moving sequences containing slow or moderate motion, the proposed technique provides an improved performance over the scheme with motion compensation (CCITT, 1989) at rates above 0.5 b/pixel (bpp), and a good visual quality of the reconstructed images is also obtained. Thus, the proposed 3-D transform coding technique is believed to be a good candidate for the digital VCR, since motion compensation is not required in the proposed 3-D coding technique.     

按边缘信息分类的图象变换编码

本文在分析图象边缘特征与视觉机理的基础上提出了一种新的自适应变换编码。该方法根据图象边缘控制信息在空间域对图象子块分类,然后在变换域依各类不同特征采取合适的抽样、量化和编码,特别是设计了适于平直边缘数据压缩的柱形滤波器。计算机模拟实验以标准人物头肩图象为例,其结果表明在码率0.2bit/pel时输出图象主观质量良好,峰峰信噪比约为33.9dB。     

Adaptive edge-based side-match finite-state classified vectorquantization with quadtree map

Vector quantization (VQ) is an effective image coding technique at low bit rate. The side-match finite-state vector quantizer (SMVQ) exploits the correlations between neighboring blocks (vectors) to avoid large gray level transition across block boundaries. A new adaptive edge-based side-match finite-state classified vector quantizer (classified FSVQ) with a quadtree map has been proposed. In classified FSVQ, blocks are arranged into two main classes, edge blocks and nonedge blocks, to avoid selecting a wrong state codebook for an input block. In order to improve the image quality, edge vectors are reclassified into 16 classes. Each class uses a master codebook that is different from the codebooks of other classes. In our experiments, results are given and comparisons are made between the new scheme and ordinary SMVQ and VQ coding techniques. As is shown, the improvement over ordinary SMVQ is up to 1.16 dB at nearly the same bit rate, moreover, the improvement over ordinary VQ can be up to 2.08 dB at the same bit rate for the image, Lena. Further, block boundaries and edge degradation are less visible because of the edge-vector classification. Hence, the perceptual image quality of classified FSVQ is better than that of ordinary SMVQ.     

Progressive Image Transmission Using LOT with Two-Channel Conjugate VQ

A progressive image transmission (PIT) scheme based on the classified two-channel conjugate VQ (TCCVQ) technique in the lapped orthogonal transform (LOT) domain is proposed. Conventional block transform coding of images using DCT produces in general undesirable block-artifacts at low bit rates. In this paper, image blocks are transformed using the LOT and classified into four classes based on their structural properties and further subdivided adaptively into subvectors depending on the LOT coefficient statistics to improve the reconstructed image quality by adaptive bit allocation. The subvectors are quantized using the two-channel conjugate VQ technique which has less computational complexity and less storage memory, and is more robust against channel errors. The vector quantized subvectors are transmitted and decoded in stages so that an image is progressively reconstructed, i.e., initially a crude version followed by quality build up in successive stages as the occasion demands in interactive visual communications. Coding tests using computer simulations show that the LOT/TCCVQ-based PIT of images is an effective coding scheme. The results are also compared with those obtained using conventional classified VQ in both the DCT and LOT domains.     

基于H.264 SVC无线视频传输的自适应差错保护方法

提出了一种针对H.264可分级编码(H.264 SVC)的自适应前向纠错编码保护方案.通过比较不同的纠错方案,提出了划分丢包率区间的概念,并根据不同区间的丢包率自适应地选择最佳的纠错方案.仿真结果表明,与单一保护方法相比,所提自适应方法能够取得更好的保护效果,更适于在无线信道中进行视频传输.     

广义高斯信源的自适应编码研究

首先介绍了当前最新的几种视频编码标准并且进行了比较,熵编码是每一个视频编码标准必须认真研究的课题,为了减少由于失配所带来的效率损失,本文提出了一种自适应编码技术:自适应指数哥伦布码,并与自适应算术编码进行了比较.分析和仿真都表明即使信源特性在大范围内发生变化,自适应指数哥伦布码对于保持高的编码效率是足够稳健的(90%以上的情况),同时保持了指数哥伦布码和哥伦布-莱期码的简洁性.     

基于自适应预处理的图像分割方法

为了防止分水岭算法过分割问题,该文提出了一种基于自适应预处理的图像分割算法。该方法在分水岭算法的基础上,首先结合像素点亮度特征和空间分布特性应用自适应方法对梯度图像进行预处理。通过考察各像素点邻域中像素分类后的分布情况,来判断考察点是处于区域中心还是处于边界,并据此对考察点的梯度值进行调节。然后在预处理后的梯度图像上选定标记,将预处理后的梯度图像中大于200个像素的连通区域标定为标记。最后用分水岭分割方法对带标记的参考图像进行分割。试验结果表明,该分割方法具有良好的分割效果。     

Survey of Adaptive Image Coding Techniques

The following is a survey of the technical literature on adaptive coding of imagery. Section 1 briefly discusses the general problem of image data compression. The optimum image data compression system, from a theoretical viewpoint, is presented in Section 1.1. The theoretical and the implementational problems of the optimum system are discussed and the assumptions that are made to overcome these problems are outlined. One important assumption is the stationarity which is not true for most imagery. In adaptive systems the parameters are varied according to changes in signal statistics optimizing the system performance for nonstationary signals. In this article the adaptive systems are divided to four categories. Section 2 is a survey of adaptive transform coding systems. Section 3 discusses adaptive predictive coding systems. Sections 4 and 5 discuss adaptive cluster coding and adaptive entropy technique, respectively.