基于虚拟仪器技术的汽车道路实验测试系统

本文设计了一套基于虚拟仪器技术的汽车道路汽车测试系统,用于汽车道路实验的数据采集和处理。文章介绍了系统的硬件结构和系统的软件特点。通过虚拟仪器系统的形象直观用户界面,能实时地、直观地分析和了解汽车道路实验的过程。     

汽车尾门疲劳测试试验机系统开发

为检测汽车尾门的出厂质量合格与否,开发一种基于VC++环境、固高科技运动控制器和伺服电缸系统的三工位汽车尾门疲劳测试系统,包括单步调试、试验参数设定、实时数据显示、查看历史数据等功能模块。在汽车尾门疲劳试验过程中,对模拟试验点加载脉冲力(短时间加载)来模拟尾门开关瞬间中造成的冲击力。为保证测试可靠性,整个控制系统采用全闭环力值控制系统。测试系统实现同时测试3台汽车尾门上的气撑点及锁扣点,提高测试效率。最后展示以VOLVO-K413为例的汽车尾门测试结果,分析在测试点处的力值、时间及位移之间的关系曲线图。数据表明:该系统测试精度、效率高,完全满足汽车尾门的测试要求,可应用于各种类型的汽车尾门的疲劳测试。     

ZQ500底盘测试台电惯性模拟参数试验研究

为保证底盘测试系统较准确地模拟汽车道路行驶状态,应正确设置相应电惯量模拟参数,论述底盘测试系统的理论计算基础,详细介绍利用汽车滑行试验法进行汽车路面阻力参数的获取方法,试验获取滑行法汽车减速度和路面阻力数据,计算得到了路面阻力与车速之间的工程经验公式.结合ZQ500车辆底盘测试台的设计,为底盘测功系统电惯量基本参数计算提供一定参考依据.     

利用汽车行驶风测试建筑风压系数的跑车试验方法研究

参照风洞试验和现场实测的试验方法,结合车辆行驶能产生风的特点,提出了一种理想道路条件下利用汽车行驶风测试建筑风压系数的跑车试验方法。采用理论推导和现场试验的方法,构建了跑车试验的基本理论,设计和组装了跑车试验的物理试验平台,搭建了软件测试系统,研究了测试数据的处理方法,运用该方法对CAARC标准模型典型测点的平均风压系数进行测试。研究了不同车速对平均风压系数的影响,并分析了同一车速多次重复测试平均风压系数结果的差异。研究结果表明:提出的跑车试验理论公式正确,构建的软硬件系统合理,标准模型测点的平均风压系数跑车试验测试结果与相关文献的风洞试验结果吻合很好,同一车速下多次重复测试结果偏差很小,不同车速影响平均风压系数程度小,验证了该方法在理想道路条件下的可行性。     

汽车碰撞实验车载测试系统中数据存储的实现

FLASH 存储器以其体积小、容量大、可随机访问等优点可以方便地应用于汽车碰撞试验中. 采用 FLASH 存储器作为车载测试系统数据存储介质, 研究了基于 FLASH 存储器的控制电路及车载式测试系统在汽车碰撞试验中的应用. 论述了测试系统总体设计思想;设计了与 FLASH 存储器的数据存储特点相匹配的数据双缓冲电路, 以及对 FLASH 存储器的数据进行写入、读出、擦除等操作的中心控制电路;并且设计了测试系统实现所有功能的软件流程.     

汽车中力信号测试系统的设计

我国正处于汽车高速发展阶段，高性能汽车的急剧增长速度与相应的使用维护水平存在着明显的差距，使用维护水平的提高，必须依赖对汽车现代检测、诊断仪器的开发和运用，因此开展对汽车相关测试系统的研究非常必要。力信号测试是汽车测试中重要的组成部分，在介绍了检测系统的原理与组成基础上，本文设计了一套基于VB的汽车中力信号测试系统，实现了对力信号的实时检测与分析处理。系统调试结果表明，该测试系统达到了设计要求。实践证明，基于VB的汽车中力信号测试系统界面直观，便于操作，取得了很好的教学效果。     

中国道路车辆功能安全标准化工作规划

为促进国家标准GB/T 34590-2017《道路车辆功能安全》在行业有效贯彻实施,提升传统汽车、新能源汽车、智能网联汽车整车和电控系统的安全性、可靠性及功能安全管理水平,制定了汽车电子功能安全领域的标准化工作规划,涵盖功能安全标准解读、可操作性规范、S/E/C及ASIL等级、共性关键技术、测试评价、流程评估等方面,以满足国内汽车电控产品功能安全正向开发需求,增强中国实质参与制定国际标准的影响力。     

汽车专用底盘测功机的校准

在汽车工业中．常常在试验室室内环境下使用汽车底盘测功机来模拟汽车在道路上行驶的工况（如模拟ABS制动情况及噪声路面等）．再现汽车在道路行驶时的运动惯性和所受到的行驶阻力。本文所述汽车专用底盘测功机均特指在汽车产品研发、试验和法规检测等场合所使用的汽车底盘测功机。它具有滚筒直径大、测试准确度高、造价高等特点。一般采用的是单滚筒的电力测功机．均为进口产品．     

虚拟仪器在汽车数据采集系统中的应用

汽车试验设备是汽车性能测试的硬件基础,传统的汽车试验设备由于存在价格昂贵、功能单一、安装不便、功能扩展和升级困难、对温度、工况等要求严格,导致试验成本提高、试验数据不精确等问题．虚拟仪器（Virtual instrument,简称VI）设计思想的提出,恰恰可以很好地解决这些问题,用户可以根据自身需求设计自己的仪器系统,充分利用计算机技术来实现和扩展传统仪器的功能．本文重点介绍了基于虚拟仪器的数据采集系统的软件设计思想和方法．     

基于GPS-RTK的车辆跑偏检测系统研究

通过分析当前车辆行驶跑偏检测方法与装置的特点,针对其存在检测精度低、抗干扰能力差、安装维护复杂、易受环境因素影响等问题,研制一种基于GPS-RTK(载波相位差分定位)的车辆行驶跑偏检测系统。整套系统由数据采集、数据处理以及无线通信模块等部分组成。该系统能满足实时检测要求,通过速度修正模型对数据进行修正处理,并将测试数据传输至上位机,方便测试结果的管理与查询。经对比试验结果表明,该系统精度满足厘米级检测要求,且抗干扰性强、调试和维护方便,适用于汽车制造企业和试验场进行流水式车辆行驶跑偏检测作业,提高检测效率和精度。     

新型便携式汽车动态参数检测系统

介绍基于三星ARM9处理器S3C2410和ATMEL公司的AT89C5131单片机的汽车动态参数检测系统,该系统能够完成汽车在运动状态下的各种运动参数的检测。充分利用了S3C2410处理器提供的丰富的功能接口和强大的处理数据的能力以及AT89C5131单片机提供的USB功能接口。使运动参数传感器模块经模数转换器AD7656与单片机AT89C5131相连,然后通过USB接口连接到S3C2410处理器平台,共同构成即插即用型的便携式检测系统,从而给出了一个完整的汽车动态参数检测系统的实现方案。     

Development and analysis of a portable compressed liquid air cooling system for fast vehicle cabin cooling

Fast cooling of the cabin of parked vehicles under the sunshine has received considerable attention, especially when the vehicle cooling system does not have the capacity to perform such a task in a very short period of time. Most studies have focused on cooling the vehicle cabin throughout the parking period. In this paper, a novel portable cooling system is proposed to cool the vehicle cabin in 60 seconds. A three dimensional heat and mass transfer model is developed and used to evaluate the performance of the proposed cooling system. The proposed cooling system consists of an insulated container with a volume of 1.0 liter that is filled with compressed liquid air, which requires simple modification to the rear air vent system. The proposed system was able to lower the temperature of the vehicle by 12.0 °C and 15.2 °C for container pressures of 5.0 bar and 9.0 bar, respectively.     

Development of a Cornering Bench Fatigue Test for the Validation of a Lightweight Commercial Vehicle Front Hub

Laboratory testing to validate the performance of vehicle components is a common practice in the automotive market. However, during standard bench testing of a commercial front wheel hub, several failures occurred in unexpected regions indicating an inconsistency with the vehicle cornering tests. This article addresses this inconsistency and presents methods for fatigue assessment using an accelerated rig (bench) test for a lightweight commercial vehicle front wheel hub. A complete cornering (figure of eight) vehicle test is modeled on a multi-body dynamic simulation system (ADAMS/Chassis) and the results are compared with the actual data obtained from the hub of a vehicle instrumented with a set of wheel force transducers. The multi-axial loading condition is successfully simplified due to the dominance of some stress components. Load data from the simulation are processed with the rain flow cycle counting algorithm. Critical locations on the C55 steel hub are determined with the stress analysis done on ANSYS (ANSYS Theory Reference: Release 10.0, 2005). Total damage is estimated by using the Palmgren–Miner linear damage summation rule. Finally, some validation test results are consistent with vehicle tests and may be used to substitute performance.     

Calibration and optimization of an electric vehicle powertrain system

ABSTRACT

The problem of insufficient driving performance in existing electric vehicle (EV) powertrain systems is solved in this paper by presenting the EV as the reference object. The system model of the EV is established based on the powertrain system layout, technical parameters, and performance requirements, and the vehicle dynamic property and pure electric drive economy are evaluated. On the basis of the component models and total outputted power, the driving range is considered as the optimization target, and the input simulation parameters are considered as the optimized variables. Therefore, the optimal variable parameters are determined by multiple simulation analysis. In view of the test bench results, the rationality of the parameters of the simulation result is verified. Generally speaking, with the flexible configuration of the designed powertrain system and the optimized parameters of dynamic programming, the automobile performance can be improved.     

A Hardware Platform Framework for an Intelligent Vehicle Based on a Driving Brain

The type, model, quantity, and location of sensors installed on the intelligent vehicle test platform are different, resulting in different sensor information processing modules. The driving map used in intelligent vehicle test platform has no uniform standard, which leads to different granularity of driving map information. The sensor information processing module is directly associated with the driving map information and decision-making module, which leads to the interface of intelligent driving system software module has no uniform standard. Based on the software and hardware architecture of intelligent vehicle, the sensor information and driving map information are processed by using the formal language of driving cognition to form a driving situation graph cluster and output to a decision-making module, and the output result of the decision-making module is shown as a cognitive arrow cluster, so that the whole process of intelligent driving from perception to decision-making is completed. The formalization of driving cognition reduces the influence of sensor type, model, quantity, and location on the whole software architecture, which makes the software architecture portable on different intelligent driving hardware platforms.     

Optimal dwell point location of automated guided vehicles to minimize mean response time in a loop layout

An important control issue in operating an automated guided vehicle system is where to locate idle vehicles. Dwell points for idle vehicles affect the performance of manufacturing systems. A polynomial time algorithm has been developed to determine dwell points for idle automated guided vehicles that minimize the mean response time. Both uni- and bidirectional loop layouts are considered. The proposed algorithm, based on a dynamic programming model, partitions the set of pick-up stations into subsets so that a single vehicle serves all stations in a subset. The dynamic programming algorithm has been streamlined by applying certain optimality properties. Computational results show that the proposed algorithm can solve large-scale problems in a reasonable time. A simulation experiment has also been conducted to compare several idle vehicle positioning rules, and the results show that best performance is obtained by positioning idle vehicles in dwell points that minimize the mean response time.     

Effects of using a portable navigation system and paper map in real driving

Navigation systems are very useful tools because they display a user's location and guide them to a destination using graphics, text and voice information. Recent work has revealed that millions of consumers received driving directions using their cell phone or PDA. This present work aimed to explore whether the efficiency to destination and driver behavior were distinguishable when using a portable navigation system compared to a paper map. Thirty-two subjects were paid to participate in this research, with field experiments being carried out in both urban and rural environments. A smart phone was adopted as the portable navigation system in the study. The results revealed that the drivers performed better when using a portable navigation system compared to those using a paper map, in terms of efficiency to destination and driving performance. In addition, drivers could save time and gasoline using a portable navigation system when in an unfamiliar region, and driving performance may be safer, despite the fact that the display screen of the phone is small.     

计及隔振率的发动机悬置系统稳健优化设计

发动机悬置系统的隔振率和解耦率是汽车动力总成设计的两个主要性能指标,通过ISIGHT软件集成MATLAB与ADAMS软件,建立计及隔振率的悬置系统稳健优化数学模型。考虑到橡胶悬置的生产工艺,将悬置的各向刚度值处理成耦合变量,以整车下悬置系统的频率合理分配为约束,并利用PSO优化算法对发动机悬置系统参数进行多目标优化求解。实车试验验证该方法的有效性,提高发动机悬置系统设计的实用性。     

Development of a method for the determination of human skin moisture using a portable near-infrared system.

In this study, a portable near-infrared (NIR) system was newly integrated with a photodiode array detector that has no moving parts, and this system has been successfully applied for the evaluation of human skin moisture. The good correlation between NIR absorbance and the absolute water content of separated hairless mouse skin, in vitro, was showed, depending on the water content (7.4-84.9%) using this portable NIR system. Partial least squares (PLS) regression was used for calibration with the 1150-1650-nm wavelength range. For practical use for the evaluation of human skin moisture, the PLS model for human skin moisture was developed in vivo using the portable NIR system on the basis of the relative water content values of stratum corneum from the conventional capacitance method. The PLS model showed a good correlation. This study indicated that the portable NIR system, as compared to conventional methods, could be a powerful tool for human skin moisture, which may be much more stable to environmental conditions, such as temperature and humidity. Furthermore, to confirm the performance of the newly integrated portable NIR system, a scanning-type conventional NIR spectrometer was used in the same experiments, and the results were compared.     

履带车辆台架试验台负载模拟方法研究

针对履带车辆台架试验台路面负载、惯性负载模拟问题,推导履带车辆整车等效惯量,建立履带车辆以主动轮输出扭矩为输入、主动轮速度为输出的动力学模型,通过对电机加载系统建模及控制器设计,根据系统特性,提出用速度跟踪结合扰动观测器的控制方法解决负载模拟问题,速度跟踪模块采用的单边速度闭环双边扭矩加载可减少程序的运算量及提高负载模拟精度。台架系统试验结果验证了设计方法的有效性及精确性。