鞣酸改性谷朊粉-大豆分离蛋白制备复合膜的优化研究

采用响应曲面法研究了鞣酸改性谷朊粉-大豆分离蛋白复合膜成膜过程中各因素对膜性能的影响.以乙醇浓度、甘油添加量、pH值、鞣酸添加量为因素,以抗拉强度(TS)、断裂伸长率(E)、水蒸气透过系数(PV)为响应值对实验进行响应面设计.建立了TS、E、PV的回归模型,优化的最佳成膜配方为乙醇体积分数37%,甘油添加量1.9%,pH值10.7,鞣酸添加量0.093%.     

液体石蜡对麦麸纤维/小麦麸质蛋白复合膜性能的影响

运用数学模型对复合膜的等温吸湿曲线进行拟合,研究液体石蜡对麦麸纤维/小麦麸质蛋白复合膜吸湿性能、透水性能的影响,并测定其机械性能和光学性能变化。结果表明,复合膜的等温吸湿动力学过程符合Peleg模型(R~20.97,E5%),GAB模型能精确模拟复合膜的吸附等温线(R~20.99,E5%)。添加5%～20%的液体石蜡可降低复合膜平衡吸湿率和水蒸气透过系数(water vapor permeability,WVP),提高复合膜的水接触角,其中添加15%的液体石蜡所制备的复合膜WVP降低了约47.8%,水接触角从54.2°提高至88.9°。添加液体石蜡同时降低了复合膜的抗拉强度(tensile strength,TS)、断裂延伸率(elongation at break,EAB)和透明度,加深了复合膜的色泽。添加15%液体石蜡的复合膜TS、EAB和透明度与对照相比分别降低了约49.1%、33.5%和71.6%。综合添加液体石蜡对复合膜的各项性能影响,推荐15%左右液体石蜡为适宜添加量。本研究结果可为液体石蜡/麦麸纤维/小麦麸质蛋白复合膜制备工艺参数的进一步优化提供参考。     

油酸改性WG-SPI制备复合膜的优化研究及扫描电镜观察

采用响应曲面法研究了油酸改性WG-SPI复合膜成膜过程中各因素对膜性能的影响.以乙醇浓度、甘油添加量、pH、油酸添加量为因素,以抗拉强度(TS)、断裂伸长率(E)、水蒸气透过系数(Pv)为响应值对实验进行响应面设计,建立了TS、E、Pv的回归模型,优化了最佳成膜配方,改性后复合膜的性能显著改善,断裂伸长率提高了21.3%;进一步通过扫描电镜观察,表明改性效果良好.     

甘油与甲基纤维素对高直链玉米淀粉- 壳聚糖复合膜性能的影响

以高直链玉米淀粉(HACS)和壳聚糖(CS)为基本材料,甘油为增塑剂,甲基纤维素(MC)为增强剂制备可食性复合膜,研究高直链玉米淀粉与壳聚糖的质量比,甘油的添加量以及甲基纤维素的添加量对复合膜物理性能的影响,包括抗拉强度(TS)、断裂伸长率(E)、水蒸气透过系数(WVP)和色度。结果表明,壳聚糖添加量的增大与甘油添加量的增加都使高直链玉米淀粉- 壳聚糖复合膜的抗拉强度降低,断裂伸长率和WVP 显著增大,膜颜色变黄;甲基纤维素的添加改善了复合膜的机械性能和WVP,随着甲基纤维素添加量的增加,复合膜的抗拉强度和断裂伸长率都随之增大,WVP 逐渐降低,且对膜的颜色没有显著影响。     

谷朊粉与玉米醇溶蛋白可食性复合膜的研究

研究了谷阮粉和玉米醇溶蛋白可食性复合膜的成膜条件及复合膜的特性。结果表明:复合膜中玉米醇溶蛋白的适宜添加量为25%。在各自最佳成膜条件下,复合膜的水蒸气透过率为5.97g·mm/m2·d·kPa,比对照降低了12.1%;拉伸强度为3.45MPa,比对照提高了22.6%。综合考虑水蒸气透过率与拉伸强度两项指标,确定适宜的成膜条件为:pH12、热处理温度70℃、乙醇浓度55%、甘油浓度10%,此条件下复合膜的水蒸气透过率为6.01g·mm/m2·d·kPa,比对照降低11.5%;拉伸强度为3.39MPa,比对照提高20.7%。该复合膜同时具有良好的热封性。     

阿魏酸对马铃薯淀粉基复合膜性能的影响

以马铃薯淀粉、普鲁兰多糖、明胶为成膜物质,甘油为增塑剂,阿魏酸为交联剂,采用流延法制备马铃薯淀粉基复合膜,研究了阿魏酸含量对复合膜物理机械性能的影响.结果表明:阿魏酸能够改善复合膜的机械性能和阻湿性能,减小复合膜的水溶性,但会显著降低复合膜的透光率,且使复合膜的颜色发黄.其中,添加1％阿魏酸的复合膜性能较好,其抗拉强度为14.33MPa,断裂伸长率为9.36％,水蒸气透过率为4.52g· mm·m-2·d-1·kPa-1,水溶性为28.46％,透光率为77.37％.     

大豆分离蛋白-水溶性大豆多糖可食性复合膜的制备与性质

以大豆分离蛋白(soy protein isolates,SPI)和水溶性大豆多糖(soluble soybean polysaccharides,SSPS)为主要原料进行了可食性复合膜的制备与性质研究。综合考虑SPI与SSPS的比例、甘油、海藻酸钠添加量及钙离子浓度等影响因素,通过单因素与正交实验对成膜配方进行研究,得到了复合膜的最佳配比,并从水溶性、水蒸气透过性、抗拉伸强度、断裂延伸率等方面对膜的性质进行了综合评价。结果显示:在SPI∶SSPS质量比为1∶7,甘油添加量2%,海藻酸钠添加量4%,Ca2+浓度为1.0mol/L的条件下,复合膜的综合性能评分最高,为67.8。     

乳清浓缩蛋白与卵清蛋白复合膜的制备及其性能

本文以乳清蛋白（Whey protein concentrate,WPC）和卵清蛋白（Egg white protein,EWP）为成膜基质,添加5 U/g_蛋白转谷氨酰胺酶（Transglutaminase,TG）制备WPC/EWP复合膜,分别研究WPC和EWP质量比、膜液pH、甘油添加量对WPC/EWP复合膜结构及性能的影响。结果表明,当WPC/EWP质量比为1:3,成膜液pH为8,甘油添加量为35%时,电镜结果表明形成的复合膜结构致密无孔隙,红外结果显示WPC和EWP有较好的相容性。WPC/EWP复合膜的水蒸气透过率为2.08×10?10 g·s?1m?1Pa?1,透光率为73.90%,抗拉强度为1.60 MPa,断裂伸长率为151.96%。WPC、EWP和甘油在膜液pH为8时具有良好的融合性,能显著（P<0.05）提高WPC/EWP复合膜的机械性能。     

转谷氨酰胺酶对乳清浓缩蛋白-纳米微晶纤维素复合膜性能的影响

为了研究转谷氨酰胺酶(TG)对乳清浓缩蛋白(WPC)-纳米微晶纤维素(NCC)复合膜性能和结构的影响,本研究以WPC和NCC为原料,利用TG酶处理对WPC-NCC复合膜的机械性能和屏障性能进行优化,并探究TG酶的交联作用对乳清蛋白分子二级结构和复合膜成膜微观结构的作用情况。结果表明,在TG酶的添加量达到12 U/g_蛋白时,WPC-NCC复合膜的抗拉强度达到2.25 MPa,断裂伸长率达到86.75%,水蒸气透过率为4.40×10-12 gmPa-1s-1m-2,有效改善了WPC-NCC复合膜的机械性能性和水蒸气屏障性能。经过TG酶的处理,乳清蛋白结构向稳定有序的方向转变,减少了复合膜的孔洞数量和孔径,使成膜表面结构更加致密,促进了复合膜的机械性能和水蒸气屏障性能的提升。     

纳米芦丁-玉米醇溶蛋白粒子对玉米淀粉膜性能的影响

以抗拉强度、断裂伸长率、水溶性、水蒸气透过率和抗氧化能力为指标,研究纳米芦丁-玉米醇溶蛋白粒子对玉米淀粉膜性能的影响。结果表明:纳米芦丁-玉米醇溶蛋白粒子的添加可以有效提高玉米淀粉膜的抗拉强度和断裂伸长率,降低水溶性和水蒸气透过率,并使复合膜具有抗氧化性。纳米粒子添加量为2%时,玉米淀粉膜结构均匀、光滑平整,抗拉强度为1.77 MPa,断裂伸长率为78.84%,水蒸气透过率为16.34 g/m~2·h,DPPH自由基清除率和ABTS自由基清除率分别为31.73%、38.96%。研究结果表明纳米芦丁-玉米醇溶蛋白粒子的添加能有效改善玉米淀粉膜的性能。     

黄原胶对壳聚糖精油复合膜的性能及精油释放的影响

为探究黄原胶对壳聚糖精油复合膜性能和精油释放的影响,本文利用流延法制备了不同配比的黄原胶-壳聚糖-精油复合膜,并测定膜的物理性能、精油释放和微观结构等指标。结果表明:当黄原胶的添加量在低于50%的范围内,膜的水溶性随黄原胶添加量的增加逐渐升高,含水量、膨胀程度以及断裂伸长率逐渐下降,然而黄原胶的添加量对膜的抗拉强度无显著性影响。添加黄原胶明显增加了精油在食品模拟物中的释放速率,从不同食品模拟物的释放速率来看,由快到慢依次为水包油乳状液和含酒精食品的模拟物、蒸馏水、脂肪食品模拟物;微观结构显示黄原胶影响了膜的内部结构,使膜的横截面出现较大的颗粒,形成不连续的结构特征,该研究为开发应用精油控释型薄膜提供了理论依据。     

食品胶对甘薯淀粉膜性能的响应面法优化实验

以机械性能(抗张强度、断裂拉伸应变)和透湿性为指标,研究食品胶对甘薯淀粉膜性能的优化。结果表明：羟丙基羧甲基纤维素(HPCMC)添加量为3.5～4.0g/100g 淀粉、甘油添加量小于2.0g/100g 淀粉及黄原胶添加量小于2.0g/100g 淀粉时,膜的机械性能较好;HPCMC 添加量小于2.0g/100g 淀粉、甘油添加量大于4.0g/100g 淀粉和黄原胶添加量小于1.5g/100g 淀粉时,膜的透湿性较小。由于不同性能的优化值范围不完全相同,在实际应用中可根据对不同性能的要求进行选择。     

Structural,Thermal, Physical,Mechanical, and Barrier Properties of Chitosan Films with the Addition of Xanthan Gum

Films based on chitosan and xanthan gum were prepared using casting technique aiming to investigate the potential of these polymers as packaging materials. Six formulations of films were studied varying the proportion of chitosan and xanthan gum: 100:0 (chitosan:xanthan gum, w/w, C100XG0 film); 90:10 (chitosan:xanthan gum, w/w, C90XG10 film); 80:20 (chitosan:xanthan gum, w/w, C80XG20 film); 70:30 (chitosan:xanthan gum, w/w, C70XG30 film); 60:40 (chitosan:xanthan gum, w/w, C60XG40 film); and 50:50 (chitosan:xanthan gum, w/w, C50XG50 film). The total quantity of solids (chitosan and xanthan gum) in the filmogenic solution was 1.5 g per 100 mL of aqueous solution for all treatments, according to the proportion of each polymer. The films were evaluated by their functional groups, structural, thermal, morphological, physical, mechanical, and barrier properties. All films have presented endothermic peaks in the range of 122 to 175 °C and broad exothermic peaks above 200 °C, which were assigned to the melting temperature and thermal decomposition, respectively. These results demonstrated that films with xanthan gum have the highest T_m and Δ_mH. The films containing higher content of xanthan gum show also the highest tensile strength and the lowest elongation. Xanthan gum addition did not affect the water vapor permeability, solubility, and moisture of films. This set of data suggests the formation of chitosan–xanthan complexes in the films.     

小麦面筋蛋白的性质和转谷氨酰胺酶对其成膜性能的影响

以小麦面筋蛋白为研究对象,探讨小麦面筋蛋白的性质,转谷氨酰胺酶的作用和制备条件对膜性能的影响。结果表明,酶用量为20U/g,反应时间为120min,pH为11,甘油/谷朊粉1:2.5,塑料平板作为成膜介质和乙醇体积分数均为40%～50%时,膜的抗拉强度增加51%,阻水性提高23%,透光率提高了5.48倍。扫描电镜显示膜的超微结构更加细致光滑。说明蛋白质的性质对其成膜性能的影响至关重要,酶处理有助于改善膜的机械性能和透光性,选择合理的制备条件,可得到性能优良的小麦面筋蛋白膜。     

脱乙酰改性对魔芋葡甘聚糖/黑米膳食纤维复合膜特性的影响

目的 探究脱乙酰对魔芋葡甘聚糖(konjac glucomannan, KGM)/黑米膳食纤维复合膜特性的影响。方法 对KGM进行脱乙酰改性,将脱乙酰前后的KGM与黑米膳食纤维、甘油、蛭石共混,采用流延法制备两种复合膜,以复合膜拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、水蒸气透过率、溶水率为考察因素,确定最优配方,并通过傅里叶变换红外光谱和扫描电镜进行表征。结果 魔芋葡甘聚糖/黑米膳食纤维复合膜制备最佳配方为每100 mL蒸馏水中添加魔芋葡甘聚糖0.37 g、黑米膳食纤维0.074 g、甘油0.60 g、蛭石0.074 g,复合膜的拉伸强度可达11.20 MPa。脱乙酰魔芋葡甘聚糖/黑米膳食纤维复合膜最佳配方为每100 mL蒸馏水中添加脱乙酰度0.2%魔芋葡甘聚糖0.37 g、黑米膳食纤维0.074 g、甘油0.50 g、蛭石0.074 g,在此条件下,拉伸强度为12.67 MPa。脱乙酰改性使复合膜抗拉强度提高13%、断裂伸长率降低17%、溶水率降低12%、水蒸气透过系数降低41%,红外光谱与扫描电镜结果表明脱乙酰魔芋葡甘聚糖黑米膳食纤维复合膜具有更高的稳定性。结论 脱乙酰改性处理改善了复合膜微观结构,...     

干燥温度对可食性小麦面筋蛋白膜性能的影响

干燥温度是影响可食性小麦面筋蛋白膜性能的一个重要因素.本文探讨了可食性小麦面筋蛋白膜制备过程中,采用不同的干燥温度进行干燥对膜透光率、水溶性、拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、水蒸气透过系数等性能的影响,试验结果表明:以60℃为干燥温度时,膜的综合性能最好。     

Mechanical properties of pea starch films associated with xanthan gum and glycerol

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of xanthan gum and glycerol to the starch of green pea with high content of AM (cv. Utrillo) in the preparation of films and their physical characteristics. Filmogenic solution (FS) with different levels of pea starch (3, 4, and 5%), xanthan gum (0, 0.05, and 0.1%), and glycerol (glycerol–starch ratio of 1:5 w/w) were studied. The FS was obtained by boiling (5 min), followed by autoclaving for 1 h at 120°C. The films were prepared by casting. Films prepared only with pea starch were mechanically resistant when compared to other films, prepared with corn, cassava, rice, and even other pea cultivars (yellow, commercial). The tensile strength of these films is comparable to synthetic films prepared with high‐density polyethylene and linear low‐density polyethylene. However, they are films of low elasticity when compared to other films, such as rice starch films, and especially when compared to polyethylene films. The increased concentration of starch in the solution increased the puncture force. The increased concentration of glycerol slightly decreased the film crystallinity and interfered in the mechanical properties of the films, causing reduction of the maximum values of tensile strength, strain at break, and puncture force. The plasticizer also caused an increase of elongation at break. Xanthan gum was important to formation of films; however, it did not affect their mechanical properties.     

Development and Characterization of Edible Films from Cranberry Pomace Extracts

The feasibility of using cranberry pomace extract as a new film‐forming material was studied. Cranberry pomaces were extracted using hot water. Low methoxyl pectin (LMP) or high methoxyl pectin (HMP) at a concentration of 0.50% or 0.75% (w/w) and 0.25% (w/w) sorbitol or glycerol was incorporated into film‐forming solutions (FFSs) for improving film functionality. Proximate compositions of cranberry pomace and its extract were determined. The pH and total soluble solid content (SSC) of FFSs, physical and mechanical properties, water vapor permeability, and microstructure of dried films were analyzed. About 1.4% (w/w) of solids was obtained from cranberry pomace water extracts, of which about 93% was carbohydrate. Dried films had bright red color and strong cranberry flavor. Films plasticized with sorbitol were denser in matrix structure and had higher color intensity than those of glycerol plasticized films. In general, LMP and sorbitol incorporated films had higher tensile strength and lower elongation at break and lower water vapor permeability than other films. The higher (0.75%) pectin concentration resulted in increased tensile strength, but decreased elongation at break. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed that sorbitol added films had more regular and compact cross‐section structure than those of glycerol added films. This study demonstrated that it is feasible to create natural colorful and fruit flavor edible films from fruit pomace water extracts. Depending on specific applications of the films, targeted film functionality can be achieved by incorporating proper pectin type and concentration and plasticizer into pomace extracts.     

Physical and Mechanical Properties of Pea-Protein-based Edible Films

ABSTRACT: Edible films produced from denatured pea protein concentrate (PPC) solution possessed the strength and elasticity to resist handling. Increasing the concentration of the plasticizer (glycerol) in the film decreased tensile strength and elastic modulus, and increased elongation and water vapor permeability (WVP). Very strong and stretch-able films were obtained from 70/30 and 60/40 of PPC/glycerol composition, respectively. The low WVP value was maintained over a range of glycerol concentration from 20% to 40%, in the dry film. Film solubility was not affected significantly by the amount of the plasticizer. The physical and mechanical properties of the PPC films were comparable with those of soy protein and whey protein films.     

大豆分离蛋白与谷朊粉可食性复合膜研究

该文报道影响大豆分离蛋白与谷朊粉复合膜成膜因素,分析各种因素对复合膜性能影响,并对正交试验结果采用极差分析和综合评分法进行评定,得到制备综合性能良好的可食性膜最佳条件为:谷朊粉与大豆分离蛋白比例为1∶5,甘油量为20%,pH为11,预热处理温度和时间分别为80℃和40min;此时,膜的透光率、拉伸强度、撕裂强度、水分含量和水蒸汽透过率依次为60.5%、38.38MPa、198.02N/mm、13.87%和0.507g·mm/kPa·h·m2。