论权力的程序控制

“以权力制约权力”与“以社会（权利）制约权力”是当代西方国家广泛采用的权力制约模式，但随着行政权力的扩大，这两种传统模式面临着挑战，以程序来控制权力的思想与制度设计就成为当代法治社会一个全新的景观。就我国而言，程序控权主要表现为完善我国的行政程序以对行政权力进行有效规控。     

医院管理中应处理好学术权力和行政权力的关系

学术权力和行政权力是共存于医院的两种基本权力,两者均为医疗质量服务,又在某些方面冲突,必然导致医院权力结构的复杂性和多样性.通过分析我国医院经营管理中结构现状,提倡学术权力、行政权力分离和相互服务,学术权力是基础,行政权力为学术权力服务,统一于医院服务质量.     

高校内部行政权力与学术权力运行问题

对高校内部学术权力与行政权力的概念进行界定,总结学术权力和行政权力运行中存在的问题,并提出对策。如,建立并完善适合高校内部规范行政权力行使的法律法规和监督机制,合理配置学术权力与行政权力,健全权力制衡机制,树立科学管理理念,提高行政管理机构服务水平,提升学术权力,鼓励教授治校。     

高校行政化的资源依赖病理分析

高校行政化是一种教育病,包括外部行政化疾病和内部行政化疾病两个方面.前者的病因在于高校对教育行政部门的资源依赖,使高校成了政府机构的下属组织,丧失了应有的办学自主权和大学精神.后者的病因在于校内学术人员对行政人员的资源依赖,使学术事务由行政人员以行政方式主导,偏离了自身应有的发展轨道.仅仅取消高校的行政级别不能治疗高校的行政化疾病,真正的救治之道还在于高校外部资源配置的社会化和内部资源配置的学术化.其中,外部资源配置的社会化是指在资源配置过程中打破单纯由行政系统决定的封闭模式,将相关权力移交给社会第三部门和大学自身,从而使大学摆脱对行政部门的资源依赖,这要通过经费分配的中介化、校长遴选的民主化和高校评估的专业化来实现.内部资源配置的学术化是指要在高校的行政系统和学术系统之间重新进行资源配置和权力分割,提高学术人员在资源配置中的地位,这要通过高校决策过程的分权化、学术事务管理的学术化和人员职权划分的明确化来实现.     

大学行政化研究

近来,针对大学行政化的批评不绝于耳.我们在对此种高校管理的消极行为进行批判之余,更应该探究的是大学作为社会组织中的特殊机构,应该以怎样的姿态发挥其应有的积极影响?文中通过对高校中存在的官僚主叉作风、高教管理内部与外部行政化以及大学的行政权力与学术权力的混淆与失衡.得出,大学行政化的原因,究其根源在于人们一种被歪曲了的观念.说明大学行政化并不是高校管理的"需要",而在很大程度上只是某些利益相关者的"想要".     

教师权力面临危机的归因探究

教师权力随着年轻一代的迅速成长,面临着不同因素的挑战和冲击.以学生为本的教育观念、社会制度和法律冲击着教师对学生的评价权,提倡个性、多元的文化对传统的教师权力也有着巨大的挑战,教师的专家权力也深受信息时代影响,教师权力一定要适应当代需要应时而动,顺势而行,在制度层面保障教师权力及营造良好的新型尊师重道的社会氛围的基础上,重要的是教师要提升专业知识、技能和教师以人格魅力为核心的感召权.     

试论公共权力与政治权力的区别

公共权力与政治权力是政治学研究的核心概念与出发点,学术界对此方面的研究已经很多,并取得了较大的成就.在许多书刊文献中把公共权力与政治权力等同起来,认为公共权力就是政治权力;公共权力不同于政治权力,它们之间有着一定的不同.本文通过探讨公共权力与政治权力的区别,以期做出一些解释和引起公众的思考.     

现代大学法治运行模式的样貌与特征分析

现代大学"学术、行政、产业"三重属性的价值与法治的价值及其运行模式是相通相承、相互吻合的,其结果和效益亦是高度一致的.因而在我国现代大学的治理中应推行法治的运行模式,并通过法治内在的、特有的、完整的模式来实现现代大学的功能与目的.当然,由于大学是社会特殊的组织,而法治也是一种特殊的治理模式,一个特殊的组织与一种特殊的治理模式相结合,必然会产生特定的样貌与特征:"主权在民、权力制衡、律以致用、法律至上".     

网络技术对权力变移的影响

现代网络技术的迅猛发展对社会的政治活动模式产生了巨大影响,特别是加速了政治权力的社会化进程.所以需要适应网络化要求,结合国内外学者的网络社会学主要研究成果,分析研究信息时代背景下网络技术在权力变移影响上的正负两种效应,探索和考察权力变移所呈现的知识化、扁平化和分散化的趋向.这将有助于强化权力的力量,促进网络社会的良性发展.     

浅谈领导干部非权力性影响力

所谓影响力,就是一个人在与他人交往的过程中,影响与改变他人心理与行为的能力.领导干部的影响力分为权力性影响力和非权力性影响力.权力性影响力也叫强制性影响力,是领导干部运用上级授予的权力强制下属服从,具有强迫性和不可抗拒性.非权力性影响力也叫自然影响力,是由领导干部自身素质和现实行为形成的.它是通过人的思想、行为起影响作用的,具有一种内在感召力,对被领导者起到指导、启迪、凝聚和激励的作用.非权力性影响力往往比权力性影响力广泛持久.     

抛落式工作球磨机功率计算

本文简要介绍了球磨机的功能、种类、组成、在工业部门中的地位，以及校核电动机功率的意义，根据已知参数核算电动机功率。     

Development and validation of a measure of academic entitlement: Individual differences in students’ externalized responsibility and entitled expectations.

Four studies present the validation of a self-report scale capturing academic entitlement, which is defined as the tendency to possess an expectation of academic success without a sense of personal responsibility for achieving that success. The Academic Entitlement scale possesses a 2-factor structure (Study 1); 10 items measure students’ Externalized Responsibility for their academic success, and 5 items measure students’ self-serving Entitled Expectations about professors and course policies. In Study 2, the Externalized Responsibility subscale correlated positively with related measures of entitlement, grandiosity, and narcissism, and it was negatively related to self-esteem, personal control, need for cognition, agreeableness, and conscientiousness. In Study 3, participants rated various responses to academic situations selected by university instructors as highly inappropriate or highly appropriate. The Academic Entitlement scale predicted students’ ratings of the appropriateness of these student behaviors as well as the likelihood that they themselves would engage in these behaviors. In a laboratory setting, individuals with high Academic Entitlement scores evaluated the researcher more negatively than those with low Academic Entitlement scores (Study 4). Practical applications are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

宝钢TRT功率效验及分析

宝钢现有两种配置形式的TRT装置,其工艺设计参数相同,但设计输出功率不同,实际输出功率也不同。通过功率计算效验及系统配置分析,寻求功率差异的所在之处。     

Thermoplastic–Carbon Fiber Composites Could Aid Solar-Based Power Generation: Possible Support System for Solar Power Satellites

Solar power has merit as a renewable source of energy; it is the largest asset available for consumption on Earth and is limitless. There have been many ideas proposed to beam solar power to Earth; all have been dependent upon the provision of a backing frame to support solar panels, photovoltaic cells, and transmission. This paper suggests one type of rigid deployable skeletal structure and its material of manufacture to form the backing frame of solar panel systems; the structure takes the form of a skeletal double-layer tetrahedral system. The composite material is polyethersulphone thermoplastic polymer reinforced with carbon fiber (CF). This paper also discusses the hostile environment of space in relation to the fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite material, with special reference to the thermal response. Finally, it suggests the alternate possibility of using a rigidized inflatable flexible skeletal structure and, as far as is possible, compares (a)?the relative cost of transferring the two structures to low Earth orbit from Earth, and (b)?the cost of solar energy relative to other forms of energy.     

Engagement scolaire, bien-être personnel et autodétermination chez des étudiants à l’université.

This article describes a study that was conducted with a sample of 266 university students and which was guided by two objectives: (a) applying a three-dimensional model of commitment to the academic area, while therein including new motivational considerations and, (b) exploring the nature of the psychological mechanisms by which academic commitment and self-determination interact to predict students’ personal well-being. Exploratory factor analyses allowed the validation of a first version of the Academic Commitment Scale. Correlational and multiple regression analyses permitted the corroboration of the hypothesis pertaining to the positive relationship between academic commitment and personal well-being amongst students. Exploratory and confirmatory analyses led to the corroboration of the hypothesis pertaining to the mediating role of academic commitment in the association between students’ self-determination and personal well-being. The worth of using academic commitment, self-determination, and personal well-being as main targets of investigation while trying to elaborate a model of optimal academic functioning is discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

发电厂侧AVC子站电压控制策略研究和实现

电压是电网电能质量的一项关键指标,对其控制关系到电网安全、稳定、经济运行,AVC系统是实现电网电压稳定控制的有效手段,本文以某公司四台350MW火电单元机组AVC系统控制策略、调试及投入效果为分析对象,对基于发电厂侧的AVC三级电压控制策略进行研究。     

A Relational Perspective on Women and Power.

This article focuses on the fact that women and men have equal but different needs for power. Integrating a psychoanalytic relational approach with feminist theory and social psychology, the author explains gender differences and societal influences on the pursuit of power. Social psychology research indicates that women are more likely to pursue power in ways that help others, whereas men are more likely to pursue their own individual ambitions. However, both genders become more nurturing in their expressions of power as they age. The presence of siblings in early life and having children as adults are more likely to produce an individual who demonstrates prosocial power. Young women today appear to be less conflicted about pursuing power in the world than the previous generation, but they are still ambivalent when it comes to making their way in the world. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The impact of the Workshop Activity for Gender Equity Simulation in the Academy (WAGES–Academic) in demonstrating cumulative effects of gender bias.

We report experimental evaluation of the Workshop Activity for Gender Equity Simulation in the Academy (WAGES–Academic), a brief, experiential simulation of the cumulative effects of unconscious bias in the academic workplace. We predicted that participants who played WAGES–Academic would demonstrate significantly increased knowledge and retention of gender equity issues in the academic workplace compared with participants in a control condition. Baseline information on general knowledge of workplace gender equity issues was obtained from 1,254 undergraduates. In the second phase, 144 were randomly assigned to complete either WAGES–Academic or a control task, and the immediate effects of the activities were measured. Participants were contacted 7–11 days later to complete an online measure of knowledge retention. Compared with a control condition, WAGES–Academic increased knowledge and retention. This effect occurred irrespective of prior level of sexist beliefs, participant gender, or whether the participant had been on the advantaged or disadvantaged team. Potential use and testing of WAGES–Academic with university faculty and administrators are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

Sustainability Indices of Thermal Electrical Power Production in Greece

The present paper provides some evidence regarding the thermal electrical power production sector of Greece evaluating performance indicators as signposts of sustainability. The methodology used was data envelopment analysis applied for each one of the yearly activities of thermal electrical power production sector. In the present study two evaluations are carried out. The first one takes into account only corporate data (i.e., inputs and outputs of production process), though in the second one environmental impact data (i.e., NOx and SO2 emissions) are also included. According to the results, in the late 1980s the performance of Public Power Corporation, the exclusive electricity producer, was efficient compared to the previous yearly activities considered here.