大型板式热交换器传热板片结构特征对传热性能及流动阻力性能的影响

本文研究了板式热交换器4种板片结构设计参数。使用三维扫描仪测绘传热板片主换热区波纹截面形状,得到精确的三维数字模型。使用Fluent有限元分析软件进行数值模拟分析,得到波纹夹角、波纹深度、节距等结构特征传热板片传热性能及流动阻力性能的影响,并进一步分析波纹截面形状及传热板片成型对传热板片传热性能及流动阻力性能的影响,模拟结果表明：随着波纹截面夹角的增大,流动阻力性能明显下降,传热性能下降但变化较小;当波峰形状由圆角光滑过渡变为平台时,流动阻力性能明显提高,传热性能提高但变化较小,本文结论可以为板式热交换器设计参数优化提供参考。     

冲击载荷作用下金属防护外壳的防爆仿真分析

为了降低和防止爆炸冲击波对目标的破坏,提高防爆抗冲击能力,使用多孔材料或轻质材料设计多层复合结构,已经成为当前国内外防爆安全研究的热点.有限元分析是模拟爆炸实验的重要手段.鉴于目前飞机黑匣子不能满足在爆炸冲击的极限工作环境下正常工作的要求,采用通用有限元软件ABAQUS作为结构非线性动力学仿真分析的工具,调用显式分析模块ABAQUS/Explicit进行了数值汁算,提出并论证了采用中间柔性材料缓冲层的复合防护结构,能够延缓爆炸载荷对黑匣子核心单元的冲击作用,保护黑匣子内部模块不受严重破坏,为飞机黑匣子保护外壳的设计提供了重要指导.     

火力发电厂的火灾危险性分析及预防措施研究

火力发电厂的防火防爆是一个值得引起重视的问题,其中爆炸是火力发电厂较常见且危害性很大的危险事故,本文以火力发电厂的爆炸为着重点,对引起火力发电厂火灾及爆炸的因素进行了分析和研究,提出了降低火力发电厂火灾爆炸危险性,有效进行防火防爆的相应措施。     

压力传感器波纹膜片设计的力学性能分析

利用ANSYS有限元软件,对压力传感器波纹膜片的有关结构参数与力学性能的关系进行了分析:对均布载荷和集中载荷作用下,波纹膜片中心位移的有限元解与解析解进行了比较,验证有限元模型和结果的精度;根据ANSYS分析结果,对不同型面结构的波纹膜片,比较波纹形状对膜片力学性能的影响;讨论了正弦型波纹膜片的膜片厚度、波纹高度、波纹数目对其性能的影响,为波纹膜片结构的优化设计提供依据.     

试验台多通道加载系统的控制方法研究

试验台多通道加载系统是一种半实物仿真设备,能够在试验室条件下经济、有效地模拟飞机在飞行过程中所受到的舵面气动力矩载荷.通过分析加载系统多余力产生的机理,采用基于结构不变性原理的多余力补偿方法,加载系统可以有效地抑制舵机运动引起的干扰,实现较高的动态加载精度.     

基于F-P原理的非本征型光纤爆炸动压传感器设计

设计了一种非本征型光纤法布里-珀罗(F-P)爆炸压力传感器,传感器采用膜片式结构,采用三波长法对F-P信号进行解调.压力加载试验表明,研制的F-P压力传感器线性度较好,具有较高的频响特性,在实际的爆炸测试中不受电磁干扰影响,可用于爆炸动压测量.     

浅谈石化装置防爆设计及爆炸危险区域划分

石油化工装置爆炸危险区域划分和防爆设计是工程设计中的一项基础性工作,它对于石油化工装置的建设、验收和运行都有很重要的作用,本文通过对国内外防爆设计手册和标准规范的学习,系统分析了爆炸危险区域和防爆设计的概念,并举例说明应用,以求正确指导爆炸危险区域划分和防爆设计。     

"防爆安全技术"讲座第3讲仪表防爆技术基础

1 电气防爆基本原理 基于爆炸三角形原理,人们在实践中逐渐找到了许多有效的工业防爆原理和方法,主要有以下几种:     

第3讲 仪表防爆技术基础

1 电气防爆基本原理 基于爆炸三角形原理，人们在实践中逐渐找到了许多有效的工业防爆原理和方法，主要有以下几种： ①间隙防爆早在19世纪初德国科学家贝林（Beyling）在研究火焰穿过金属间隙现象时，发现间隙宽度小到一定程度，可以使圆柱形的法兰容器内甲烷与空气混合物的爆炸不会引起容器周围甲烷与空气混合物的爆炸。     

结构尺寸对LNG低温螺旋波纹钢管弯曲性能的影响分析

基于ANSYS三维壳模型,依据结构几何尺寸对LNG低温螺旋波纹钢管进行参数化有限元建模.考虑低温环境下材料力学性能的改变和结构几何非线性因素,对弯曲载荷作用下低温螺旋波纹钢管结构力学性能进行数值模拟;分析管体弯曲失效模式和力学行为特点.改变结构几何尺寸,分析比较波峰和波谷极值应力以及管道整体力学性能,发现尺寸参数对低温波纹钢管力学性能的影响显著,分析相应的灵敏度规律,最后给出合理的截面尺寸参数.分析结果可以为低温柔性管道的结构设计提供参考.     

Dynamic buckling of axisymmetric spherical caps with initial imperfections

Dynamic buckling loads are obtained for axisymmetric spherical caps with initial imperfections. Two types of loading are considered, namely, step loading with infinite duration and right triangular pulse. Solutions of perfect spherical caps under step loading are in excellent agreement with previous findings. Results show that initial imperfections do indeed have the effect of reducing the buckling capacity for both dynamic and static responses, although they are affected in a different manner. From the solutions obtained for triangular pulse situations, it is revealed that pulse duration has a very significant impact on the magnitude of the dynamic buckling load. When comparing these solutions with those of step loading, it is concluded that the step loading with infinite duration is the limiting case of a triangular pulse, and that the step loading provides the most severe loading situation for dynamic analysis.     

圆柱壳在水下爆炸载荷作用下的动力仿真分析

圆柱壳是船舶、潜艇和海洋工程结构物的重要组成部分,研究其在水下爆炸载荷作用下的响应对提高结构物的使用周期有着重要的作用.利用LS-DYNA动力有限元程序对张效慈等人做的深水爆炸水动压力场对潜体结构的动态响应试验进行数值模拟.分析了不同材料圆柱壳和不同参数复合材料圆柱壳在水下爆炸载荷作用下的抗冲击性.计算结果表明,复合材料比钢、铜、铝合金金属材料的抗冲击性好,弹性模量小的复合材料的抗冲击性好.方法可以简单快速的计算圆柱壳的抗冲击性,为舰船的设计提供参考.     

Faster computation of Z-matrices for triangular segments in planar circuits

The method of images and currently available single-series formulation of a rectangular planar segment have been applied to speed up the computations of impedance matrix elements of 30°–60°–90° and equilateral triangular microstrip segments used in planar microwave circuits. For an equilateral triangular segment, the elements of Z-matrix are obtained by using the results for two 30°–60°–90° triangular segments, one of which has all magnetic walls and, in the other segment, one of the magnetic walls is replaced by an electric wall. The present formulations have been verified by comparison with the previously available double series formulations.     

A digital mock-up visualization system capable of processing giga-scale CAD models

In the automotive, aerospace and naval industries, digital mock-up tools are always used for assembly examination, layout examination and interference checking. Generally, a digital mock-up is assembled from giga-scale CAD models. Because of limitations of computer hardware resources, a digital mock-up represented by traditional planar facets is too large to load into a computer’s memory for rendering. This article proposes a new geometric compression representation to represent given CAD models with curved triangular patches. Based on the compression representation, our digital mock-up visualization system can import several giga-scale CAD models into a computer’s memory simultaneously. A high performance rendering strategy to display the curved triangular patches is also presented. In the rendering strategy, a dynamic subdivision algorithm is introduced which is different from conventional LOD techniques in order to reduce memory consumption. In addition, an algorithm to convert CAD models to the curved triangular patches is introduced.     

抗冲击性能要求下一种新型夹心板的设计研究

防护板在舰船上的应用非常广泛,它对于提高舰船抵抗水下爆炸冲击波载荷性能、抗碰撞冲击性能等都具有重要作用.文中利用薄壁圆管的吸能特性设计了离散型和紧密型圆管夹心板,使用大型非线性有限元软件MSC.Dytran建立水域、炸药及防护板的三维有限元模型,并进行水下爆炸数值仿真计算,从板的吸能能力、加速度响应、变形量三个方面分析了两种夹心板和普通平板在水下爆炸载荷作用下的抗冲击性能,仿真计算结果表明离散型夹心板的抗爆性能优于紧密型夹心板和普通平板.     

作平面运动的二维平面板的热耦合动力学问题

研究受到热冲击的作平面运动的二维平面板的温度场和动力学响应.考虑温度场和应变场的耦合,通过计算熵密度,建立了平面板的热传导变分方程,此外,在本构关系式中考虑热应变,基于平面应力假设建立了作平面运动的二维平面板的动力学变分方程.用有限元方法分别对温度场和变形场进行离散.最后,计算了作直线平动的平面板的温度场和变形场,揭示了温度和变形的相互耦合特征,体现了板运动对温度和变形的影响.     

作大范围运动弹塑性平面板的动力学分析

研究作大范围运动弹塑性平面板的动力学特性.考虑了几何非线性和材料非线性,基于平面应力假设、Mises屈服条件和流动法则,采用绝对节点坐标法,用虚功原理建立了作大范围运动弹塑性平面板的动力学方程.在数值计算时将各时刻的塑性应变储存在全局数组中,实现了塑性应变的迭代计算.通过对带集中质量、作大范围运动平面板的数值仿真研究塑性效应对系统的动力学特性的影响.     

Planar array of corrugated tapered slot antennas for ultrawideband biomedical microwave imaging system

A planar antenna array that includes 12 corrugated tapered slot elements for use in ultrawideband (UWB) biomedical microwave imaging systems is presented. The used corrugate tapered slot antenna has a compact size, low profile, moderate gain, and distortionless performance in the time domain. The array is immersed in a carefully designed matching liquid of suitable dielectric constant to improve the matching between the array and the imaged object, and thus, to increase the dynamic range of the imaging system. A suitable platform is designed and fabricated to accommodate the array, breast phantom, and a coupling liquid for the case of UWB breast imaging. The design of the whole system is optimized using trust‐region framework method in the simulation tool CST Microwave Studio. The performance of the designed array is confirmed via measurements in a realistic imaging environment. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2013.     

Triangular NURBS and their dynamic generalizations

Triangular B-splines are a new tool for modeling a broad class of objects defined over arbitrary, nonrectangular domains. They provide an elegant and unified representation scheme for all piecewise continuous polynomial surfaces over planar triangulations. To enhance the power of this model, we propose triangular NURBS, the rational generalization of triangular B-splines, with weights as additional degrees of freedom. Fixing the weights to unity reduces triangular NURBS to triangular B-splines. Conventional geometric design with triangular NURBS can be laborious, since the user must manually adjust the many control points and weights. To ameliorate the design process, we develop a new model based on the elegant triangular NURBS geometry and principles of physical dynamics. Our model combines the geometric features of triangular NURBS with the demonstrated conveniences of interaction within a physics-based framework. The dynamic behavior of the model results from the numerical integration of differential equations of motion that govern the temporal evolution of control points and weights in response to applied forces and constraints. This results in physically meaningful hence highly intuitive shape variation. We apply Lagrangian mechanics to formulate the equations of motion of dynamic triangular NURBS and finite element analysis to reduce these equations to efficient numerical algorithms. We demonstrate several applications, including direct manipulation and interactive sculpting through force-based tools, the fitting of unorganized data, and solid rounding with geometric and physical constraints.     

梯度材料中孔洞对剪切波的散射与动应力

为研究无限大指数梯度材料中孔洞对反平面剪切波的散射,以实际工程中梯度材料不连续结构处在动载荷作用下的应力问题为背景,基于弹性动力学理论,采用波函数展开法,结合数值分析,计算无限大功能梯度材料中圆孔对反平面剪切波的散射和动应力集中,得到问题的解析解,给出圆孔动应力集中因数的数值解,分析入射波数以及材料非均匀参数对动应力集中因数的影响．分析表明：梯度材料的非均匀参数对孔洞周围动应力集中因数的值和分布有很大影响,反平面剪切波的入射波数也是影响动应力的重要因素．