基于安全多方计算的多候选人电子投票方案

多候选人的电子投票方案在很多实际选举场景中有重要的应用价值.全隐私性是安全电子投票方案关注的一个重要性质,是指对选民和候选人的隐私保护.本文基于安全多方计算提出了一个多选多的电子投票方案.此方案将选民的投票意见映射为数组的形式,结合ElGamal同态加密系统,在半诚实模型下由选民和候选人通过交互计算输出选举结果,实现了...     

基于同态实现多候选人的电子投票方案

选举是当今公民实现民主的重要方式,相比于传统选举方式,电子选举以密码学为基础,可以有效避免在各个环节中出现徇私舞弊现象,并且在计票阶段也比传统选举方式更快、更准确。在满足电子选举的公正性、唯一性、匿名性等八个基本特性的基础上,该方案通过使用Paillier加密的加法同态性来避免在计票环节对选民选票进行舞弊操作,同时能够大幅度提高电子选举在最后计票环节的效率。     

基于加乘同态与组合函数技术的MA保护研究

针对移动代理在异质网络环境中的安全问题,提出一种基于加乘同态与组合函数加密策略的MA保护方案,同态思想应用于移动密码学中,不用解密即可使加密任务代理在其它网络平台上运行.该方案在同态的基础上引入了加乘同态加密策略,采用了加乘同态加密三地址码操作数,组合函数加密三地址码操作码的加密步骤,并在加密后排除了由加乘同态与组合函数引起的双重加密问题.最后给出了该方案的正确性及安全性验证.实验结果表明:对比同态加密方法,该方案节省执行时间5.12秒,并能及时侦测出恶意主机.     

安全的电子投票系统的设计与实现

针对现有电子投票系统在安全性方面和实用性方面的问题,在B/S模式下设计并实现了一种安全高效的电子投票系统.本系统主要使用矩阵同态加密、矩阵全同态加密、基于身份签名以及委托计算等技术来进行设计.龚     

RLWE同态加密算法的多候选人电子投票协议

使用安全协议保护选民隐私、保证投票公正有效是投票电子信息化的基础,安全协议的复杂度则是电子投票应用的最大阻碍。提出了一种基于RLWE同态加密算法的多候选人电子投票协议,可支持多候选人,也能满足对选民隐私的保护。该协议利用基于RLWE的同态加密算法的加法同态性质在计票环节使用密文计票保护选民的私密,利用中国剩余定理的性质对选票进行批处理,提升计票能力。该投票协议能支持多候选人投票并最终知晓每个候选人最终票数,并设置公示机构公示投票过程中的每个步骤,用于公开验证。     

基于同态加密的多候选人电子投票方案

电子投票因其便捷的特性,日益受到人们的青睐.然而电子投票中所暴露出来的安全问题成为人们所关注的重点,如何保证电子投票中的匿名性,公开可验证性等成为一个值得关注的问题.针对现有电子投票中存在的各种问题,基于数字签名算法和全同态加密提出了一种多候选人电子投票方案.该方案采用椭圆曲线数字签名算法解决电子投票中的身份认证问题;利用全同态加密技术实现对选票加密以及对加密选票的同态计算;为了能够对选票进行批量处理,采用SIMD技术打包选票;针对加密选票计票中存在的编解码问题设计了一种同态计票器.最后基于电子投票的八个安全特性对方案的安全性进行了分析,表明该方案是安全可行的.     

通用的量子同态加密框架

研究了量子同态加密,提出了一种通用的构造量子同态加密算子的方法,进而建立了构造量子同态加密方案的一种通用框架;通过二值和三值量子态的酉变换,利用该框架构造了相应的量子同态加密方案,与现有文献的构造方案相比,利用该框架构造的量子同态加密方案更具有普遍性;通过安全性分析,该框架的安全性是基于加密算法的安全性和密钥的安全性。由于该框架采用了对称量子加密算法,导致构造量子同态算子时需要加密密钥,从而该框架是一种弱的对称量子同态加密框架。最后,该框架被推广到了量子公钥加密的情形。     

一个基于环签名的安全密封电子拍卖协议*

在拍卖过程中如何保护投标者隐私和身份以及防止中标者反悔是设计安全电子拍卖系统的关键技术。基于环签名思想的类群签名方案及同态公钥加密体制,设计了一个新的密封投标的电子拍卖协议。所给协议具有如下特点：安全性好,能够满足投标者匿名、投标价保密、不可否认性以及不可伪造等密封电子拍卖的所有安全性要求;对可信赖第三方的依赖小;安全性高、步骤简略。     

数据库加密在办公自动化系统中的应用

为了办公自动化系统敏感数据保密的需要,采用秘密同态机制算法、匹配同态机制算法实现了数值型与字符型数据的加密和解密.针对匹配同态机制算法存在的安全性隐患进行分析并加以改进,系统运行表明,该改进提高了安全性,在实际应用中取得了预期的良好效果.     

基于整数多项式环的全同态加密算法

为确保云计算环境下用户数据的安全性,利用同态加密算法对数据和加密函数的隐私保护功能,设计一种基于整数多项式环的全同态加密算法。该算法包括同态算法和重加密算法,前者针对明文数据进行加密,后者针对密文数据进行二次加密。分析结果表明,该算法的计算复杂度为O(n5),低于理想格全同态加密算法。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.