用频率分辨光学开关法测量飞秒激光脉冲

飞秒脉冲的测量在飞秒激光的应用中起着关键性作用.文中阐述了频率分辨光学开关法测量飞秒脉冲的原理和再现算法,构建了一台用于飞秒脉冲测量的二次谐波-频率分辨光学开关装置,利用该装置对谐振腔输出的飞秒脉冲进行了测量.利用二次谐波-频率分辨光学开关法测量得到了描迹图信号,对信号分布进行计算机迭代处理,得到了飞秒脉冲的时间宽度及光谱宽度、电场及其位相在时域和频域的详细信息.谐振腔直接输出脉冲的时间宽度为56 fs,光谱宽度为27 am,时间带宽积为0.686,算法中的最小误差为0.001 792.实验结果表明二次谐波.频率分辨光学开关法是一种有效的飞秒脉冲测量方法.     

频率分辨光学开关法测量飞秒脉冲的研究

在详细分析频率分辨光学开关法(FROG)的基础上,对几种类型的FROG迹线进行了模拟,并运用Matlab软件编制程序还原出脉冲信息。用二次谐波型频率分辨光学开关法(SHG-FROG)测量了KLM钛宝石激光器的输出脉冲,并运用算法进行了处理,得到脉冲的振幅和相位信息,与干涉自相关法的测量结果一致。     

频率分辨光学开关法测量飞秒脉冲

阐述了频率分辨光学开关法测量飞秒脉冲的原理,详细分析了模式尺寸效应和非线性效应对飞秒脉冲测量的影响.构建了一台用于飞秒脉冲测量的二次谐波-频率分辨光学开关装置,利用该装置对谐振腔输出的飞秒脉冲及压缩后的脉冲进行了测量.得到了飞秒脉冲的时间宽度及光谱宽度、电场及其相位在时域和频域的详细信息.谐振腔直接输出脉冲的时间宽度为56 fs,光谱宽度为27 nm,时间带宽积为0.686,算法中的最小误差为0.001792.脉冲压缩后的测量结果为27 fs,光谱宽度为92 m,时间带宽积为1.27,算法误差为0.0093289.     

飞秒超短脉冲超分辨重建的原理及实现

利用频率分辨光学开关(FROG)法测量超短激光脉冲时,使用层叠成像算法能够实现脉冲的超分辨重建。将FROG法测量的迹图在频域中以矩阵形式表达,结合sinc函数在频率轴的延展性质,成功诠释了FROG法的相位编码原理,该分析为超短脉冲的超分辨恢复提供了理论支持。在此基础上,数值仿真演示了对FROG迹图的频率轴和延时轴同时进行欠采样的情形下,利用层叠成像算法实现的相位恢复结果。该结果有助于指导FROG的测量,提高测量的精度,减少测量时间。     

虚拟飞秒示波器的实现

提出了一种新颖的基于频率分辨光学快门(FROG)和虚拟仪器(VI)技术的飞秒激光脉冲实时测量方法,以获得超短激光脉冲的强度和位相信息.在二次谐波产生频率分辨光学快门技术中,将被测超短脉冲光源分割成两束光,改变其相互之间的时间延迟,将两束光聚焦到100 μm的BBO晶体中,产生二次谐波.控制时间延迟在0到N个时间单位变化,获得二次谐波的二维频谱数据,通过PC2000-ISA卡式光谱仪和Ocean Optics公司的OOIwinIP驱动软件采集频谱数据送到微机中,通过迭代算法求出超短脉冲的强度和位相信息.各个软件模块,包括数据采集、脉冲恢复、图形显示灯的编程基于Labwindows/CVI软件平台.实验表明,迭代算法大约经过50次左右的运行,迭代误差低于一个可接受的阈值,获得一个收敛结果.用该示波器对美国相干公司的钛宝石飞秒激光器输出175 fs脉冲进行测量,获得了准确的测量结果.     

光脉冲特性测量和分析的新方法

文章给出并采用了光脉冲特性分析新方法,对10 GHz光脉冲在色散平坦光纤中的线性传输前后的时域波形、相位和时间带宽积等作了深入研究,并与数值计算得到的双曲正割和高斯光脉冲线性传输特性作了比较,对光脉冲的时域波形、啁啾等作出了更准确的判断,进一步证实了光脉冲的二次谐波-频率分辨光学门测量及其分析新方法的可靠性和准确性.     

多FROG构型下非方形迹的超短脉冲重建

在充分考虑测量仪器特点的基础上设计非方形迹图,具体对原方形迹图进行如下三种操作:频率轴的低通滤波,降低非线性过程中相位匹配带宽的要求;频率轴的上采样,充分利用光谱仪的高分辨率;延时轴的下采样,明显减少测量耗时并提高精度。由此基于层叠成像算法对二次谐波、偏振门和交叉相位调制三种构型的频率分辨光学开关(FROG)使用非方形迹图进行脉冲重建并对重建能力进行比较,发现在频率轴"1/3×"低通滤波和"4×"上采样的情况下,交叉相位调制构型能够在仅使用8个延时(原方形迹图需128个)的情况下成功实现脉冲的重建。因延时操作为FROG技术中最耗时的环节之一,减少其次数可有效促进FROG用于超短激光脉冲的实时测量。     

二溴甲烷相干反斯托克斯拉曼光谱的选择激发增强研究

采用基于遗传算法(Genetic algorithm)的自适应反馈系统,成功实现了二溴甲烷多个拉曼振动模式的选择激发.通过脉冲分析方法(二次谐波频率分辨光谱开关和二次谐波交叉频率分辨光谱开关)(SHG-FROG和SHG-XFROG),在时域和频域上对优化脉冲进行还原和分析,结果表明:空间光学调制器(SLM)将优化脉冲调制成具有负啾啁特性的脉冲串.该选择激发实验的成功实现验证了相干控制自适应系统在研究复杂分子系统方面具有良好的应用前景.     

短脉冲在色散平坦光纤中传输前后波形、相位和啁啾测量的实验研究

二次谐波频率分辨光学门(SHG-FROG)是能够准确测量短脉冲多项特性参量的新技术。利用二次谐波频率分辨光学门脉冲分析仪对在色散平坦光纤中传输前后的短脉冲进行了测量,得到了待测光脉冲的频率分辨光学门(FROG)图、自相关曲线、自相关频谱曲线、波形和相位曲线以及脉宽、谱宽、啁啾等反映短脉冲特性的信息,对实验结果进行了分析,并与高斯脉冲在单模光纤中的线性传输理论进行了比较。结果表明,激光器输出的短脉冲是具有负线性啁啾的近变换极限高斯脉冲,经过12.7 km色散平坦光纤传输后仍然为具有负线性啁啾的高斯脉冲,其谱宽在传输过程中基本保持不变,脉宽展宽了3.1倍,啁啾增大了4倍。实验测量结果和理论预期一致。     

超短光脉冲的测量

1　前言　　飞秒级超短光脉冲的产生技术与脉冲形状及频率啁啾测量方法的研究一同发展起来。适用于这种超短光脉冲的测量方法仅有非线性相关法。其中 ,使用二次谐波产生晶体的强度自相关法正被广泛用于超短光脉冲波形测量。在该法中 ,使被测光脉冲产生一可变的时间延迟 ,使用由非线性光学晶体产生的二次谐波来测量两个脉冲的重合。该法虽然不能测量光脉冲的正确形状 ,但可获得脉冲的大概宽度。相对于此 ,近年提出了基于光电二极管及发光二极管的双光子吸收的自相关测量方法。该法通过测量双光子吸收电流来获得与二次谐波产生测量方法同样的…     

Complete characterization of ultrashort pulse sources at 1550 nm

This paper reviews the use of frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG) to characterize mode-locked lasers producing ultrashort pulses suitable for high-capacity optical communications systems at wavelengths around 1550 nm, Second harmonic generation (SHG) FROG is used to characterize pulses from a passively mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser, and both single-mode and dual-mode gain-switched semiconductor lasers. The compression of gain-switched pulses in dispersion compensating fiber is also studied using SHG-FROG, allowing optimal compression conditions to be determined without a priori assumptions about pulse characteristics. We also describe a fiber-based FROG geometry exploiting cross-phase modulation and show that it is ideally suited to pulse characterization at optical communications wavelengths. This technique has been used to characterize picosecond pulses with energy as low as 24 pJ, giving results in excellent agreement with SHG-FROG characterization, and without any temporal ambiguity in the retrieved pulse     

利用频率分辨光学门回归超短脉冲振幅和相位

本文首先介绍频率分辨光学门（RFOG）技术的原理和算法。对于倍频情况（SHG-FROG），我们编程实现了利用计算机快速回归。文中给出了利用该程序所获得的回归结果及对传统算法的改进。事实证明，该算法在分析各种性质的超短脉冲时既准确又方便。     

Generation of picosecond optical pulses with highly RF modulated AlGaAs DH laser

AlGaAs DH lasers with strong RF modulation superimposed on the relatively low dc bias below the oscillation threshold were demonstrated to be feasible for generation of a train of approximately 30 ps optical pulses at a repetitive frequency of sub-GHz range. The pulse envelope width was measured by three different methods: a fast response photodetector, the second-harmonic generation (SHG) correlation method, and an ultrafast streak camera. The results of the SHG correlation and the streak camera agreed fairly well. In order to explain the generation mechanism and the characteristics of these ultrashort optical pulses in a highly RF modulated semiconductor diode laser, the rate equation analysis was performed and the results were generally in good agreement with the experiment. Furthermore, from the computer simulation for the analysis of the SHG correlation traces, it was inferred that an individual ultrashort optical pulse has internal substructures made of fluctuating fields whose spike widths were of the order of subpicoseconds, due to the randomness of the phases among lasing modes.     

Recent progress toward real-time measurement of ultrashort laserpulses

Frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG) is a technique that produces a spectrogram of an ultrashort laser pulse optically. While a great deal of information about the pulse can be gleaned from its FROG trace, often it is desirable to obtain of the pulse information immediately, in real time. Quantitative information about the guise is not readily obtainable from its spectrogram without the use of a two-dimensional phase retrieval algorithm. While current algorithms are quite robust, retrieval of all the pulse information can be slow. In this paper, I describe a recently developed FROG trace inversion algorithm called Principal Component Generalized Projects that is fast, robust, and can invert FROG traces in real time. A femtosecond oscilloscope based on second-harmonic generation FROG is also described that uses this new algorithm to rapidly (up to 2.3 Hz) and continuously display the intensity and phase of ultrashort laser pulses     

实时显示干涉(8:1)自相关器

报道了一种可实时测量超短激光脉冲宽度及啁啾特性的干涉(8:1)自相关器.扫描频率为1～20Hz.测量误差小于3fs.主要用于自锁模Ti:Al_2O_3.Cr:LiSGAF等各种飞秒激光器光脉冲宽度的实时测量.     

Time-resolved optical gating based on dispersive propagation: a newmethod to characterize optical pulses

We introduce the technique of time-resolved optical gating (TROG) based on dispersive propagation (DP), a new noninterferometric method for characterizing ultrashort optical pulses in amplitude and phase without the need for a short optical gating pulse. TROG is similar to frequency-resolved optical gating except that the role of time and frequency is interchanged. For the DP-TROG geometry, we show that measurements of the autocorrelation trace of the pulse after propagation through a medium with variable dispersion together with a single measurement of its intensity spectrum contain sufficient information to reconstruct the pulse in amplitude and phase. Pulse reconstruction for this DP-TROG geometry works very well even for the case of a nonlinearly chirped double pulse. Compared with other methods, DP-TROG does not introduce an ambiguity in the direction of time for the pulse. Due to its simplicity and improved sensitivity. DP-TROC is expected to be useful in characterizing low-energy pulses