外循环型鼓泡式反应器气含率及循环液速率

对直径２８０ｍｍ、扩大直径５００ｍｍ、外循环管直径６５ｍｍ、总高２９００ｍｍ的外循环型鼓泡式反应器，在气体空塔线速Ｕｇ为０．０４－０．５５ｍ／ｓ时，用静压差法和脉冲示踪法测定了不同部位的气含率Ｅｇ，Ｅｐｇ和循环液速率ｕ１，并获得了它们的关联式：对反应段，Ｅｇ＝０．４５５６Ｕ＾０．３１９８ｇ〔Ｕｇ／（Ｕｇ＋Ｕ１）〕＾０．７３９６；对反应器扩大段，Ｅｕｇ＝０．９３８９Ｕ＾０．４４３１ｕｇ；对循环管，Ｅ     

循环流化床提升管中固体颗粒停留时间的分布

在内径１４０ｍｍ，高１０ｍ的循环流化床提升管中，采用磷光颗粒示踪法对床内固体颗粒的停留时间分布进行了测定。在气速１．５～９．０ｍ／ｓ，固体循环量１０～１４０ｋｇ／ｍ２ｓ的范围内，实验测得的停留时间分布曲线均有明显的双峰分布。这种双峰分布是由于提升管中弥散颗粒和颗粒团共同作用的结果。本文提出的一维两组分扩散叠加模型可较好地描述提升管中固体的混合行为。考察了在实验条件下，操作条件对固体混合行为的影响。发现：气速及固含对颗粒的轴向Ｐｅｃｌｅｔ数影响不大，提升管中颗粒的返混主要是由于颗粒团引起的。将研究结果与近期文献报道的其他研究进行了对比     

乙炔二聚反应鼓塔冷模试验

以水－空气为试验介质，在φ２８０ｍｍ×２６００ｍｍ标准型鼓泡塔中，于空塔线速Ｕ小于６０ｃｍ／ｓ的条件下，用冷模法考察了４种进气方式和开孔率分别为１．２５％，４．１８％，１２．８０％的３种分布板对相界面比表面积α、气含率Ｅ、气泡群上升速度Ｗｎ的影响。对比了标准型鼓泡塔和外环流型鼓泡塔的气泡行为。求得在１５ｃｍ／ｓ＜Ｕ＜５０ｃｍ／ｓ时的Ｅ－Ｕ，α－Ｕ，Ｗｎ－Ｕ关联式，可用于大型鼓泡塔的设计。     

乙炔二聚反应鼓泡塔冷模试验

以水－空气为试验介质，在φ２８０ｍｍ×２６０ｍｍ标准型鼓泡塔中，于空塔线速Ｕ小于６０ｃｍ／ｓ的条件下，用冷模法考察了４种进气方式和开孔率分别为１．２５％，４．１８％，１２．８％的３种分布板对相界面比表面积ａ、气含率Ｅ、气泡群上升速度Ｗｎ的影响。对比了标准型鼓泡塔和外环流型鼓泡塔的气泡行为。求得在１５ｃｍ／ｓ＜Ｕ＜５０ｃｍ＞／ｓ时的Ｅ－Ｕ，ａ－Ｕ，Ｗｎ－Ｕ关联式，可用于大型鼓泡塔的设计。     

搅拌槽内的气泡尺寸分布

在槽径分别为Φ０．２８７ｍ、Φ０．４９５ｍ、Φ１．１００ｍ三个几何相似的搅拌槽内，采用双电导探针法测定了搅拌槽内上、下循环区及叶轮区的气泡尺寸分布，研究了单位液体体积搅拌功率、表现气速及搅拌槽放大过程对气泡尺寸的影响规律以及气泡尺寸的空间分布规律，并得到了相应的经验关联式，为气－液搅拌槽的设计放大提供参考。     

滴流床加氢法生产木糖醇的研究

本文对滴流床中压加氢生产木糖醇的工艺进行了研究，反应温度１２０℃，氢压４．０ＭＰａ，表现液速０．５ｍｍ／ｓ￣２．０ｍｍ／ｓ，Ｒａｎｅｙ－Ｎｉ颗粒催化剂表层活化，床层内径１０ｍｍ。对平均粒径０．４７及０．６７ｍｍ的催化床层在低液速区反应特性进行了初步探讨。用简化模型计算的床层宏观效率因子比实际工业鼓泡床高８￣９倍。其值随液速降低而上升，并存在多稳态的现象，与床层部分润湿现象一致。     

干燥塔金属丝网除沫器在低气速下的实践和认识

干燥塔金属丝网除沫器在低气速１．６９ｍ／ｓ下操作，仍能得到理想的酸雾指标（０．００９２／ｍ￣３）。其可能性通过简要的理论计算加以说明。     

垂直管道浸取器的空气升液研究

以内径为２４ｍｍ的垂直管道浸取器的一根上行管为升液管，用水和５５￣６５目河砂配成各种浓度的悬浮液做冷模试验。在水的表面流速为０．１５￣０．６５ｍ／ｓ空气表观流速为０．０５￣２．１５ｍ／ｓ，固相质量分率为０￣１５％，以及充气高度为２．２８０￣３．３７９ｍ的实验范围内，观察了空气升液器的运行情况，测定了扬程、效率，还比较了进气孔径的影响。本文结合垂直管道浸取器的特点，引入气相滞留率和摩擦压力降模型，并     

氯气泡沫干燥塔设计中值得注意的几个问题

就干燥氯气质量不稳定、含水合格率低（７５％）的问题，对氯气泡沫干燥塔设计中值得注意的几佧问题进行了重新设计计算和改进。新设计的泡沫干燥塔控制参数为：空塔速度为１．０￣１．１ｍ／ｓ，塔板开孔率为９．０￣１０．０８％，小孔直径为３ｍｍ，孔间距为９ｍｍ，小孔速度为１０￣１１ｍ／ｓ。在干燥塔改进中，在塔顶增设也膨胀节。改进后干燥塔能使氯气含水含水合格率达到９８％以上。     

导流管型鼓泡塔中带泡沫非牛顿型液体的气含率

在塔径０１１２ｍ的三组不同直径导流管装置中，采用液体溢出法测定了带泡沫的非牛顿型液体的气含率分析了表观气速Ｖｇ０和管径比（ＤＲ／Ｄ０）对气含率的影响     

一方圆玺 一朝国事

一方圆玺,不知见证了多少的历史风云!     

A SIMULATION OF A MOTIONLESS MIXER

Continuous laminar mixing in segmented twisted-tape motionless mixers is considered. A solution to the steady isothermal creeping flow of a Newtonian fluid in a twisted-tape mixer has been obtained via two-dimensional numerical procedures. The developed flow within a section of the mixer has been solved in a helical coordinate system by an iterative scheme. The resulting solution is rigorously correct in the absence of entrance and exit flows at the junction between sections. An algorithm is presented for the modelling of these junction flows via two-dimensional procedures. Simulated cross-sectional mixing patterns have been generated for comparison with experimental results

The performance of twisted-tape mixers is simulated for various designs, beginning with the particular geometry of the Kcnics Static Mixer, and for different operating conditions Results suggest that the rate of mixing as a function of the total twist per section is optimized with respect to pressure drop when sections contain 80 degrees of twist. The capability for rational improvement in other design and operating parameters is illustrated. The mechanisms of laminar mixing are discussed and quantified; of primary importance is the tendency for interfacial area to assume an orientation within each section which is favorable to mixing in subsequent sections.     

A MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS OF A MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR CONTAINING A SLUDGE DISINTEGRATION SYSTEM

The activated sludge process is widely used to treat domestic and industrial wastewater. A significant drawback of this process is the production of “sludge”, the disposal of which can comprise a significant proportion of the total operating costs of a wastewater treatment plant. We analyze the steady-state operation of a membrane bioreactor system (MBR) incorporating a sludge disintegration unit (SDU) to reduce sludge production. We provide a qualitative understanding of the model by finding analytically the steady-state solutions of the model and determining its stability as a function of the residence time. In practice a target value of the mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) content within the membrane reactor is specified. Applying the mathematical technique of singularity theory we show that if the sludge disintegration factor is sufficiently high then the MLSS content is guaranteed to be below the target value. This model prediction, of key interest from a practical perspective, was not identified in the original investigation of this model, which relied upon numerical integration of the governing equations.     

千碉之国·丹巴

丹巴县是四川省甘孜州的东大门.被誉为"深藏在横断山脉中的世外桃源",是嘉绒藏族风情文化的中心,属岷山、邛崃山区,是川西高山峡谷的一部分.文化底蕴厚重,民俗风情浓郁,区内遍布的古碉是藏族先民的建筑艺术杰作,具有悠久灿烂的历史.     

一起制氮设备的故障分析

在浮法玻璃生产过程中,氮气流量保持恒定,是保持锡槽工况稳定的重要条件,是生产优质浮法玻璃的重要前提条件之一.只有制氮设备的稳定运行,才能保证氮气供应.本文就制氮空压机运行中出现的故障现象、原因进行了分析,并提出了改进措施.     

一种新型传动结构的斜坡辊道

浮法玻璃厂联合车间受工艺限制,往往将2楼熔制成形车间和1楼包装车间用斜坡辊道连接起来。而2楼与斜坡之间衔接的凸弧辊道、1楼与斜坡之间衔接的凹弧辊道,其结构形式往往成为设计及安装调试的难点。传统的弧段结构采用锥齿轮箱和同步带传动结构,与当前主流的通轴弧齿锥齿轮结构相比较为落后。本文对浮法玻璃车间斜坡辊道结构进行详细阐述,并提出了一种新的凸、凹弧辊道的传动结构。     

四川省某酒业集团废水处理工程

介绍了采用EGSB＋CASS工艺处理酿酒废水的工程实例，废水COD浓度在12000mg／L左右时，经本工艺处理后出水COD浓度小于100mg／L，达到国家排放标准，为类似废水的处理提供借鉴经验。     

A MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR A YANKEE HOOD

Drying of thin paper sheet on a Yankee cylinder equipped with a steam heated high velocity hood is examined. When possible infiltration of air from the surroundings is considered, then the process is fully determined by twelve variables. One of these can be chosen as an independent variable. An equation group of eleven equations is derived. The method of solution is iterative. Finally, a numerical demonstration example is presented.