基于正交异性材料的预应力梁频率的试验研究

进行了一根无粘结预应力简支梁的动力试验,结果表明:预应力梁的固有频率随着预应力的增加而增加,这与Clough提出的轴力作用下各向同性材料梁的理论分析结果相反。其原因是传统的结构分析方法将混凝土视为各向同性、均质的线弹性材料。但是对预应力混凝土结构进行动力分析和检测,要求计算结果必须具有相对高的计算精度。为此该文从混凝土的微观结构入手,将预应力混凝土梁看作各向异性复合材料梁,采用正交异性的线弹性本构模型进行分析,将复合材料梁的刚度视为钢筋混凝土梁的刚度与预应力筋等效刚度之和,然后对预应力混凝土梁的频率与预应力的关系进行分析计算,计算结果与试验结果吻合较好。同时,利用该文提出的分析方法对Saiidi等人的试验梁进行了分析对比,其计算结果与其试验值也符合较好。     

全预应力砼梁动力性能试验研究

该文进行了2根无粘结全预应力简支梁的动力试验,结果表明:预应力梁的固有频率随着预应力的增加而增加,这与Clough提出的轴力作用下均质、各向同性线弹性材料梁的理论分析结果相反。引起这个结果的因素很多,该文主要通过探讨由弹性模量E的变化来分析引起的刚度的变化,从而导致频率的变化。该文提出了相应的修正公式,并进行了四个公式的计算结果对比。计算表明:该文提供的方法具有较好的适用性,理论分析和试验结果吻合较好。     

体外预应力混凝土梁自振频率分析

该文进行了3根体外预应力混凝土简支梁的动力试验,试验表明:在张拉阶段,试验梁的自振频率随预加力的增大而提高,这是与传统的线弹性理论分析结论相反的;张拉开裂之后,试验梁的自振频率明显下降。为了和试验结果进行对比,运用相关文献中体外预应力梁的频率计算公式,对试验梁的自振频率进行了计算,计算结果与试验结果在梁频率的变化趋势及数值上均有较大的出入。该文以试验为基础,结合混凝土是一种复合材料的这种特性,提出了新的计算方法。计算表明:该文提供的方法具有较好的适用性,理论分析和试验结果吻合较好。     

预应力CFRP布加固RC梁动力特性的试验研究

进行了预应力CFRP布加固完好RC梁的动力特性试验,结果表明:预应力加固梁的固有频率随着预张力的增加而增加。同时,考虑了相关的影响因素,从理论上推导了预张力与加固梁固有频率之间的定量关系,再利用一阶频率的试验值对公式进行拟合,得到频率影响系数。而后将二阶频率的试验值与理论值进行比较,发现理论值基本能反映频率随预张力的变化趋势,两者最大误差为0.173(在预张力为0kN时),试验值与理论值吻合较好。     

全预应力混凝土梁长期变形计算

与部分预应力混凝土梁相比,全预应力混凝土梁全截面受压且压应力较高,由于混凝土收缩徐变产生的梁长期变形也更大。该文从按龄期调整的有效模量法出发,将梁沿长度方向细分单元,细分单元长度为截面高度的1倍～2倍,锁定单元节点,分别计算混凝土的收缩、徐变以及预应力筋的松驰对其产生的强迫力值;释放强迫力,并将其反向作用于节点上,求出此时的截面时随应变和附加曲率,进而推导出可用于求解任意时刻的全预应力混凝土梁长期变形的计算公式。基于该课题组和其他研究者试验结果,对该文及国内外规范的计算公式进行了对比分析,结果表明:该文公式计算值与试验结果吻合良好;国内外规范计算值与试验结果的平均误差则明显偏大,且计算结果偏于不安全。     

预应力CFRP布加固损伤RC梁的动力特性研究

从理论上推导了预张力与损伤RC梁固有频率之间的定量关系。同时进行了预应力CFRP布加固RC梁的动力特性试验,测定不同预张力条件下,完好梁与损伤梁的一阶频率值。而后利用ANSYS软件建立钢筋混凝土完好梁的有限元模型,根据损伤梁的动力测试结果,运用优化分析的方法得到损伤梁混凝土刚度折减系数;利用一阶频率的试验值对公式进行线性拟合,得到频率影响因素及损伤梁频率计算公式。最后将加固损伤梁一阶频率的理论值与试验值进行比较,发现在低预应力作用下,理论计算结果基本能反映出试验值随预张力变化的趋势,试验值与理论值吻合较好。     

锈蚀预应力混凝土梁承载力及破坏模式研究

随着服役时间增长,侵蚀环境下预应力混凝土梁因受力筋发生锈蚀而造成其延性与承载力降低,严重影响结构的安全使用。为分析侵蚀环境下预应力混凝土梁的承载性能,以集中荷载作用下锈蚀预应力混凝土梁为研究对象,分析混凝土梁锈蚀后各材料性能的劣化与预应力对其承载能力的影响,基于桁架-拱模型给出了桁架作用与拱作用的荷载分配系数,建立了预应力混凝土梁承载力计算模型及破坏模式判别方法,并通过76根预应力混凝土梁的试验数据对建议模型进行验证。研究结果表明:预应力混凝土梁承载力试验值与计算值之比的平均值为1.116,方差为0.033,吻合较好;基于建议分析模型对预应力混凝土梁破坏模式的预测判别与试验梁破坏模式符合程度较高,且该模型能反映预应力混凝土梁随着锈蚀程度增大其破坏模式发生演变这一特征。该文建议的理论模型可用于锈蚀预应力混凝土梁的承载力计算与破坏模式预测分析。     

预应力型钢超高强混凝土梁受剪承载力试验研究

基于12榀预应力型钢超高强混凝土简支梁和2榀预应力型钢普通强度混凝土简支梁的受剪试验,揭示了影响试验梁受剪性能的主要因素,探讨了剪跨比、箍筋间距、腹板厚度、混凝土强度和预应力度对试验梁的破坏形态、荷载-挠度曲线、斜截面开裂荷载和受剪承载力的影响规律。试验结果表明:预应力型钢超高强混凝土梁具有更好的受剪承载力和剪切延性,以及更大的刚度;基于试验结果建立了预应力型钢超高强混凝土梁的受剪承载力建议计算公式,计算结果与试验结果吻合较好,表明了该文提出的计算公式具有较高的精度。研究成果将为预应力型钢超高强混凝土梁的设计计算和工程应用提供理论依据。     

预应力对混凝土梁动力特性的影响分析

通过对预应力混凝土梁强迫振动试验与有限元动力分析,得出了预应力混凝土梁的基本动力特性;进一步考察了预应力大小、预应力筋形状和位置对动力特性的影响。结果表明:对于混凝土梁,是否施加预应力和预应力索的位置对频率会产生一定的影响,而预应力大小和预应力索的形状对频率的影响则较小,分析结果有助于结构健康监测和损伤识别。     

有粘结和无粘结相结合的预应力FRP筋混凝土梁抗弯承载力研究

纤维增强塑料筋(简称FRP 筋)是一种高强线弹性材料,非常适合用做侵蚀环境下的预应力筋,采用有粘结和无粘结相结合是提高预应力FRP 筋混凝土梁延性的一种新方法。对有粘结和无粘结相结合的预应力FRP 筋混凝土梁的抗弯承载力进行了理论分析和试验研究,基于平衡配筋率定义了有粘结和无粘结相结合的预应力FRP筋混凝土梁的破坏形态,推导了平衡配筋率和相应抗弯承载力的计算公式。为了验证公式的正确性,进行了9 根预应力FRP 筋混凝土梁的试验研究,计算结果与试验结果吻合良好。研究结果表明,在相同配筋的条件下,体内有粘结预应力FRP 筋混凝土梁的承载力最高,体内无粘结预应力FRP 筋混凝土梁的承载力其次,而无转向块的体外无粘结预应力FRP 筋混凝土梁的承载力最低。采用体内有粘结和无粘结预应力相结合,可以改善预应力FRP筋混凝土梁的延性。     

无粘结预应力CFRP筋钢纤维轻骨料混凝土梁受弯性能试验研究

建立无粘结预应力FRP筋张拉锚固体系,对8根以CFRP筋为非预应力筋的无粘结预应力CFRP筋轻骨料混凝土梁与1根普通混凝土对比试件进行两点对称加载,观察其破坏过程与破坏形态,分析了混凝土种类、预应力度和净跨长度对开裂弯矩、弯矩-跨中挠度曲线、裂缝宽度等受弯性能的影响.从等效轴向刚度思想出发,修正了现有的以钢筋为非预应力...     

Finite element analysis of partially prestressed steel fiber concrete beams in shear

This paper presents a finite element formulation for the modeling of the behavior of partially prestressed steel fiber concrete beams in shear. Based on a secant modulus approach, the formulation treats steel fiber concrete as an orthotropic material, characterized by appropriate constitutive relations in the principal compressive and tensile directions. An experimental program with the partial prestressing ratio, the shear span:effective depth ratio, and the volume fraction of steel fibers as test variables was carried out and the deflections of the beam, concrete, and steel strains were monitored and compared with the results of the finite element analysis. The finite element formulation was found to predict the deformational characteristics and the ultimate load of the test beams well. Steel fibres were observed to improve the beam stiffness after the occurrence of first shear crack and to enhance the shear strength of partially prestressed concrete beams significantly.     

Dynamic stiffness analysis of laminated beams using a first order shear deformation theory

In this paper the exact vibration frequencies of generally laminated beams are found using a new method, including the effect of rotary inertia and shear deformations. The effect of shear in laminated beams is more significant than in homogenous beams, due to the fact that the ratio of extensional stiffness to the transverse shear stiffness is high. The exact dynamic stiffness matrix is derived, and then any set of boundary conditions including elastic connections, and assembly of members, can be solved as in the classical direct stiffness method for framed structures. The natural frequencies of vibration of a structure are those values of frequency that cause the dynamic stiffness matrix to become singular, and one can find as many frequencies as needed from the same matrix. In the paper several examples are given, and compared with results from the literature.     

预应力钢-竹组合梁受弯挠度计算方法与试验研究

为分析预应力钢-竹组合梁的受弯挠度,以加载方式、张弦位置、预应力度为变量,对12根组合梁试件进行了设计与试验研究。在此基础上,假定梁变形分布符合正弦半波曲线,并考虑梁加载过程中几何关系变化与预应力反拱的影响,采用弹性理论建立了组合梁中预应力筋应力增量的计算方法,推导得出一点或两点加载、一点或两点张弦时,组合梁受弯挠度计算的统一公式。试验与理论计算结果的对比表明：该文提出的挠度计算方法可较好的预测组合梁在正常使用阶段的挠度;随着预应力度的增加,组合梁的等效抗弯刚度不断提高,且两点张弦时可获得更高的等效抗弯刚度。此外,对于初始预应力为零的试件,需采用可靠预紧措施,以保证体外预应力筋能够有效发挥作用。     

An experimental investigation on flexural behavior of RC beams strengthened with prestressed CFRP strips using a durable anchorage system

This paper investigates the effectiveness and feasibility of a prestressed carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) system for strengthening reinforced concrete (RC) beams. The proposed prestressing system with a novel anchorage allows the utilization of full capacity of the CFRP strips. Eight small-scale and two large-scale concrete beams strengthened different configuration of prestressed CFRP strips are tested under static loading conditions up to failure. The main parameters considered include the level of prestressing applied, ranging from 20% to 70% of the tensile strength of the CFRP strips, and the use of mechanical anchorages at both ends of the CFRP strips. Thanks to the durable anchorage, the full range of flexural behavior was investigated including post-debonding. The results indicate that the beams strengthened using prestressed CFRP strips exhibited a higher first-cracking, steel-yielding, and experimental nominal moments as the level of prestressing force increased up to a certain point. After analyzing prestress effects in small scale tests, an optimum prestress level for strengthening concrete beams using CFRP strips is proposed and verified in large scale tests.     

现浇柱预制梁框架单调静力性能试验与内力计算方法研究

通过一榀1#x02236;4平面框架的单调静力荷载试验,对六层两跨现浇柱预制梁框架的破坏形态、破坏机制、位移延性等进行了较为系统的研究。研究表明:现浇柱预制梁框架实现了预期的混合破坏机制,试验过程中在梁端首先出现塑性铰,在二、三层梁端出现多个塑性铰后柱端出现塑性铰;试件受力全过程中节点核心区箍筋始终处于弹性阶段;框架整体位移延性为6.3;试验框架实现了预期的#x0201c;强柱弱梁#x0201d;、#x0201c;强节点#x0201d;等设计目标,这表明参照现行混凝土框架抗震设计方法进行现浇柱预制梁框架设计是可行的。基于MIDAS软件对考虑预制混凝土梁截面刚度折减以及考虑节点刚度折减的、预制混凝土框架内力计算方法进行了研究,并提出了有关建议。     

Compressive-force path and behaviour of prestressed concrete beams

A study of the performance of prestressed concrete beams designed either by conventional design methods or to a physical model proposed in compliance with the ‘compressive-force path’ concept is presented. Results obtained from testing heavily prestressed beams are reported, which show that members designed to the latter concept may be safer than their Code counterparts. The behaviour of these beams has been compared with similar prestressed concrete beams (also designed either to current code provisions or to the proposed method)— but subjected to a smaller amount of prestressing—in an effort to monitor the effect of the level of prestressing on the behaviour of members designed by different methods. In contrast to the current way of thinking, it emerges that an additional amount of prestressing, instead of increasing the shear contribution of concrete, may, in fact, limit the load-bearing capacity of the member itself.