前馈串级控制在原油污水处理中的应用

在原油污水处理过程中,加药量直接影响污水含油指标;但由于影响因素较多,对加药量的控制难度大。为了既减少成本又保证指标合格,通过分析污水处理工艺流程及生产控制原理,对原油污水处理加药系统提出了前馈串级控制方法。该方法对控制过程进行了优化,使被控量不会因扰动而产生偏差,提高了系统适应能力,降低了污水处理加药费用,同时保证了回注油田污水的质量。该控制方法调节速度快,动态偏差小,比较适合间歇生产过程的控制,为过程控制提供了一种行之有效的方法。     

计算机控制技术在人工湿地处理系统中的应用

人工湿地处理系统作为一种节能、经济、简易和有效的生态化污水处理技术,近几年来在我国一些城市应用较为广泛。根据人工湿地污水处理工艺流程的特点和过程控制的要求,采用计算机集散控制技术,设计人工湿地污水处理过程的分布式计算机控制系统。通过采用优化设定控制技术、解决人工湿地污水处理过程中存在的非线性、耦合等技术问题,实现人工湿地污水处理过程的计算机自动控制,使人工湿地的处理水达到国家相关排放标准。     

铁岭污水处理厂过程监控系统设计与运行总结

该文以铁岭污水处理厂自动化控制系统为例,介绍了污水处理厂控制系统的配置和各项过程控制功能。要保证污水处理系统的可靠运转,装备一套高性能的自动化系统是必不可少的。本项目采用的集散控制系统对污水处理厂的正常生产起到至关重要的作用。     

无线GPRS污水收集调度控制系统

论述在城市污水处理系统中采用先进的控制技术、GPRS技术等,优化污水收集管网的预处理工艺及一级处理工艺,即通过污水收集泵站自动控制、污水状态参数的联网监控及进厂输水联网集中优化调度控制,实现安全、节能运行。提出了一种提高污水处理的效率、降低处理成本的解决方案。     

基于PLC技术的污水处理厂站控制云平台设计

为减小自动化加药量偏差,设计了基于PLC技术的污水处理厂站控制云平台。根据计算机终端、PLC控制器、PC终端等设备构建硬件系统结构。选取无线传输设备,采用搭建通信网络方式,采集与传输云平台污水处理数据。采用TIA Portal V16软件,完成加药程序编程,基于PLC技术实现加药自动控制。结果表明,该平台在污水处理控制过程中,可减小加药量偏差,增强厂站污水处理效果。     

HOLLiAS-PLC在城市污水处理中的应用

忻州污水处理项目是一项属于五湖治理的重点工程，该污水处理厂的日处理污水能力为6．5万吨。为了实现“现场无人值守，总站少人值班”的目的，忻州污水处理厂选用和利时公司的HOLLiAS-PLC系统在该污水处理厂建立一个先进、可靠、高效且便于进一步扩充的集过程控制、监视和计算机管理于一体并且具备良好开放性的监控系统，完成对整个污水处理工艺过程及全部生产设备的监测与自动控制。     

基于PLC及组态王技术的污水处理自控系统应用分析

控制系统采用施耐德PLC控制器和组态王上位机软件,对污水处理的整个过程进行实时监督和控制,达到降低系统运行成本,保证污水排放质量、实现少人、无人值守等目标。以局域网和PLC技术为支撑,结合了KingView软件,实现了污水处理各个信息相互传递及控制,遵循＂集中管理、分散控制、数据共享＂的原则,由此开发了成熟、稳定、可靠的计算机污水处理监控系统,保障了污水净化处理同时又节约了物耗和能耗。系统以其全天候、全自动化、便于使用等特点在污水自控领域发挥了独特的作用。     

电厂污水处理的自适应控制

污水处理的 PH值控制经常面对大滞后系统 ,且系统的过程特性随污水流量和原水 p H值等因素而变化 ,难以控制。本文提出的自适应前馈和自适应反馈控制技术可将污水 p H值平稳控制在设定值± 0 .15的范围内 ,采用普通 PL C实现。     

一种PLC自动控制程序创新设计方法的研究

本文针对传统PLC程序设计方法在控制污水处理系统中的局限,按照污水生物处理工艺的要求,创造性的提出采用二维矩阵控制设计方法来实现污水在同一反应池中自动完成进水,厌氧生化等功能;通过污水处理工艺控制矩阵图,在污水成分、进水流量及气候变化时,可以方便、快捷地调整污水处理控制工艺,满足污水处理厂安全、稳定运行的要求。     

基于模糊控制的污水曝气系统的研究

针对某污水处理厂鼓风机房、生化池曝气过程系统,介绍了一般污水处理厂的污水处理工艺流程,并就其中的曝气过程,提出了基于PLC和变频器的电气控制方案,设计了基于OPC技术的上位机监控系统。考虑到污水处理曝气过程具有间歇性、时滞性的特点,采用模糊控制对出水溶解氧浓度参数进行控制。基于一定假设,对曝气过程进行数学建模,通过Matlab仿真,将传统PID控制与模糊控制进行比较,结果表明了模糊控制策略的有效性和优越性。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。