基于输入输出线性化方法的一类多输入多输出非线性系统的观测器设计

研究一类多输入多输出仿射非线性系统的状态观测器设计问题. 基于输入输出线性化方法提出了一类多输入多输出仿射非线性系统的状态观测器设计的新方法, 并给出保证状态估计误差渐近趋于零的充分条件. 算例表明了所得结果的有效性.     

一类非线性系统的自适应时延观测器设计

利用输出差分及滑模方法研究一类非线性系统的自适应时延状态观测器设计问题. 首先将系统输出的微分及高阶微分用输出和其延迟测量值的差商来表示, 然后在此基础上构造了一种时延状态观测器, 估计误差的影响可由滑模项来消除. 在系统满足线性参数化的条件下给出了一种自适应时延状态观测器设计. 最后给出仿真研究说明设计方法的有效性.     

一类基于模糊逻辑系统的非线性不确定系统自适应观测器设计

利用模糊逻辑系统具有充分利用专家语言信息和逼近连续函数的性质, 分析和研究了一类具有未知不确定界的非线性系统的自适应状态观测器设计问题. 观测器和自适应律的构成直接利用了系统的数学结构信息和模糊逻辑系统对不确定性的输出信息, 在较弱的假设条件下, 这种观测器与被控系统状态间的误差及各参数估计误差一致终极有界. 最后的仿真实例说明了所采用的方法的有效性.     

非线性关联大系统的鲁棒自适应观测器设计

针对一类存在未知参数、干扰和未建模动态的非线性关联大系统,提出了一种鲁棒自适应观测器.在观测器中对每个子系统引入一个动态信号来独立抑制未建模动态,同时用自适应非线性阻尼项来克服系统关联.用此观测器不需要估计未知参数及求解线性矩阵不等式.本文从理论上证明了所设计的观测器误差一致有界,并且通过恰当选择有关设计参数可使估计误差任意小.     

基于粒子群优化算法的动力定位非线性观测器设计

针对船舶动力定位控制系统中的状态估计问题,提出了一种非线性状态观测器设计方法。采用类Lyapunov方法设计无源观测器,以估计误差的低通滤波信号作为增广状态变量,通过在观测器方程中引入增广状态变量以减少高频运动分量对低频运动参数估计的影响,采用粒子群优化算法对观测器增益矩阵中的9个关键参数进行组合寻优进一步提高观测器动态性能。还以一艘供给船为例进行仿真分析,验证了所设计非线性观测器的有效性。     

滑模控制一类非线性分布式时滞系统

针对一类状态不可测的非线性不确定分布式时滞系统, 给出了系统滑动模态鲁棒渐近稳定的充分条件. 设计了一类滑模观测器, 同时采用线性矩阵不等式的处理方法给出了该观测器存在的充分条件. 再应用滑模控制的趋近率方法和基于观测器所得到的估计状态, 综合了一类滑模控制器. 该控制器同时保证了估计状态下的滑模面和估计误差状态下的滑模面的渐近可达性.     

严格反馈非线性系统的自适应神经网络输出反馈控制

基于非线性反馈函数,文章设计神经网络状态观测器,解决一类非线性系统的输出反馈控制问题.非线性反馈神经网络观测器在系统存在不确定性函数的情况下实时估计系统状态.利用所获得的状态信号,设计了自适应神经网络动态面控制器,同时保证了闭环系统的稳定性和所有信号的有界性.通过调节设计参数的取值能够达到期望的闭环跟踪性能.数值仿真表明,所设计的状态观测器不需要对原系统做状态变换,能够克服输出反馈滑模控制器带来的抖震问题.     

非线性系统观测器的设计:LMI方法

对满足Lipschitz条件的非线性系统给出了全维、降维观测器存在的充分条件并分别进行了证明,重点设计了新形式的降维状态观测器,观测器增益矩阵的获得完全取决于线性矩阵不等式(LMI)的解的情况,应用线性矩阵不等式工具箱使得设计更加方便,消除了增益矩阵选取的盲目性.通过对实际模型的仿真分析可知,两种观测器的状态估计误差均能渐近收敛到零,表明了该方法的有效性.     

控压钻井系统井下不确定参数与未知状态估计

针对控压钻井过程中井下信息获取难度大的问题, 本文设计了一种可以同时估计井下不确定参数与未知 状态的自适应观测器. 首先, 针对未知状态中含有不确定参数的控压钻井系统, 提出了一种可解耦不确定参数的观 测器匹配条件. 其次, 根据此观测器匹配条件设计自适应观测器估计井下参数与状态, 并通过李雅普诺夫稳定性理 论证明了估计误差的渐近稳定性. 最后, 基于线性矩阵不等式方法求解观测器增益, 提高观测器的鲁棒性. 仿真分析 表明: 与已有针对控压钻井系统设计的自适应观测器相比, 本文所设计的观测器对井下环空摩擦积分和井底流量 的估计具有更好的收敛性以及鲁棒性.     

时滞Lipschitz非线性系统观测器设计

给出了满足Lipschitz条件的离散非线性时滞系统的全维、降维观测器的设计方法和误差收敛的充分条件,并分别进行了证明.全维观测器通过将带有非线性项的矩阵不等式转化为两步线性矩阵不等式解出两个增益矩阵.降维观测器则通过解线性矩阵不等式(LMI)方便地获得观测器的增益矩阵,消除了增益矩阵选取的盲目性.通过对同一模型的仿真分析,两种观测器的状态估计误差均能迅速收敛到0,表明了所提出方法的有效性.     

一类非线性系统的自适应观测器

This paper investigates the means to design the ob- server for a class of nonlinear systems with Lipschitz conditions and unknown parameters.A new design approach of full-order state adaptive observer is proposed.The constructed observer could guarantee the error of state and the error of parameter estimation to asymptotically converge to zero.Furthermore,a numerical example is provided to verify the effectiveness of the observer.     

Comparison of two state observer design algorithms

There are two contributions of this note. First, it clarifies and unifies the two design approaches which will generate the general state observer and the identity state observer, respectively. Especially for the first approach, even a very recent paper failed to clarify it. Second, this note shows that due to computational error, the general state observer will have an estimation error while the identity state observer will have an error in its desired poles.     

Nonlinear observer design via passivation of error dynamics

We present a new design scheme of nonlinear state observers (global, full order, asymptotic observers) through passivation of the error dynamics. In order to consider passivity of the error dynamics for the observer problem, we place a conceptual input and output on the generalized error dynamics which also includes the plant, and the strictness of passivity is extended with respect to a set in which the estimation error becomes zero. Then, output feedback passivation for the error dynamics will lead to the construction of a state observer. It is also shown that a nonlinear observer is generally vulnerable to measurement disturbance, in the sense that even an arbitrarily small measurement disturbance can lead to a blowup of the error state. However, due to the passivity of the error dynamics, the proposed nonlinear injection gain can be easily modified for the observer to be robust to measurement disturbances.     

Robust reduced-order sliding mode observer design

In this article, a triple state and output variable transformation-based method combined with linear matrix inequality (LMI) techniques to design a new robust reduced-order sliding mode observer for perturbed linear multiple-input and multiple-output systems is developed. The state and output variables of the original system are triple transformed into suitable canonical form coordinates to facilitate the design of a reduced-order observer. The existing transformations are summarised in this study and presented systematically. A new combined observer configuration is proposed and compared with another type of observers. Global asymptotical stability LMI and sliding mode existence conditions for the coupled observer error system are derived using Lyapunov full quadratic form. Reaching and sliding modes of motion of decoupled observer error system are discussed as well. Two numerical and simulation examples are given to illustrate the usefulness of the proposed design techniques.     

Circle-criterion Based Nonlinear Observer Design for Sensorless Induction Motor Control

This paper deals with the design of a nonlinear observer for sensorless induction motor control. Based upon the circle criterion approach, a nonlinear observer is designed to estimate pertinent but unmeasurable state variables of the considered induction machine for sensorless control purpose. The observer gain matrices are computed as a solution of linear matrix inequalities(LMI) that ensure the stability conditions of the state observer error dynamics in the sense of Lyapunov concepts. Measured and estimated state variables can be exploited to perform a state feedback control of the machine system. The simulation results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach for nonlinear observer design.     

Observer design for a class of multi-input multi-output nonlinear systems

In this article, the problem of state observer design for a class of multi-input multi-output nonlinear systems is considered. Via state transformation and the constructive use of a Lyapunov function, the new observer design approach is addressed by introducing a parameter ? in the observer. Some sufficient conditions are given which guarantee the estimation error to asymptotically converge to zero under adaptive conditions. An example is included to illustrate the method.     

A performance comparison between two design techniques for non-linear output feedback control

For a system possessing a non-linear output feedback normal form, an observer backstepping design is compared to a high gain observer design with respect to non-singular performance cost functional. If the initial error between the initial condition of the state and the initial condition of the observer is large, the high gain observer design is shown to have better performance than the observer backstepping design. An output feedback system with parametric uncertainty is then considered. It is shown that if an a priori estimate for the bound of the uncertain parameter is conservative, then an adaptive observer backstepping design has better performance than the adaptive high gain observer design.     

非线性时滞系统的观测器设计

研究了一类满足Lipschitz条件的下三角非线性时滞系统的观测器设计问题.通过构造适当的Lyapunov泛函,用递推法给出了使得误差动态系统渐近趋于零的非线性时滞系统的状态观测器.     

Comparative study of non-linear state-observation techniques

This paper contains a comparative study of four techniques for observing the slates of non-linear systems. The first technique examined is inspired by Bestle and Zeitz, and ICrener and Respondek, In this method a non-linear transformation is found that brings the system into a canonical form, from where observer design is facilitated. The second technique is attributable to Thau. In this method, the error between the system's true state and the output of the observer is shown to be asymptotically convergent to zero provided that an additional assumption is valid. The third technique is due to Baumann and Rugh. In this method, extended or pseudolinearization of the error differential equation about a family of equilibrium points results in an observer design such that the eigenvalues of the linearized error equation are locally invariant. Finally, techniques from variable-structure systems are utilized to design an observer that yields an exponentially decaying error like Thau's observer, but, unlike Thau's, does not incorporate the non-linearities of the system into the observer design. An example illustrating the performance of the four techniques is included.