共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 781 毫秒
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采用数值模拟的方法对建筑环境中具有不同实度的建筑增强型垂直轴风力机进行模拟。对NACA0021翼型作为叶片截面的三叶片原始直线翼垂直轴风力机周围流场进行数值模拟并与实验值进行比较,且进行了网格无关性验证,验证了计算模型的合理。结果表明:随实度的增加,建筑增强型风力机气动性能与自启动性能得到大幅改善,风力机平均力矩增大,风能利用率最大提升至4.47倍,但其载荷波动也非常剧烈,对结构安全性与可靠性提出更高的要求。实度过小则无法有效地捕获风能;实度过大则叶片之间的干扰增加,最大风能利用率增幅可降低至3.11倍。 相似文献
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为了提高Savonius小型垂直式风力机的风能利用率,采用CFD方法研究了在来风方向增加导流板对该垂直式风力机风能利用率的影响。研究中建立了数值计算模型并使用Fluent软件进行仿真分析,比较了有无导流板、不同导流板长度、不同安装角度和不同安装位置情况下叶片周围的流场分布以及叶片对转轴产生的静态力矩。仿真结果表明,增加导流板能够显著提高该型风机叶片对转轴的静态力矩;同时,导流板长度和安装角度对此是重要的影响因素;而在一定范围内,不同导流板位置对静态力矩所带来的影响可以忽略。合理安装导流板可以使得该型风机的叶片静态力矩提高20%~40%,进而提高Savonius型风机的风能利用率。 相似文献
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实度对垂直轴风力机性能影响的风洞试验 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《可再生能源》2013,(9):58-62
实度是影响垂直轴风力机性能的一个重要参数。采用风洞试验的方法对小型垂直轴风力机风轮实度进行了研究,试验主要以叶片个数和风力机半径这两个参数为研究对象,共设置了6种组合,得到5种不同实度。测试了不同实度下垂直轴风力机在启动后的低转速阶段的力矩和功率特性,分析了实度对垂直轴风力机输出性能的影响。分析结果表明,在风力机半径相同的情况下,实度最小的风力机的最大力矩系数和功率系数最大;实度相同时,风力机获得最大力矩系数的尖速比基本相同,实度越小,获得最大力矩系数的时间越晚。 相似文献
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垂直轴风力机气动性能研究是风力机设计、实验的重要部分,对其运动状态下的流场进行分析是观测垂直轴风力机性能重要环节.基于NACA0012对称翼型,建立二维几何模型并进行模拟计算.采用k-ωSST湍流模型及滑移网格技术,通过CFD软件数值计算得到达里厄型直叶片垂直轴风力机运行时周边流场分布情况.通过比较不同方位角下流场涡量以及升、阻力系数得出:在方位角为105°附近时,翼型下表面产生流动分离,并导致失速;下风区翼型运行的流场由于受到上风区尾流的影响,翼型周围没有产生明显的流动分离. 相似文献
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风力机叶片前缘表面附着物对气动性能的影响研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
主要研究了风力机叶片表面附着物对其气动性能的影响。实验采用粘土作为附着物模拟叶片表面前缘结冰及结垢,模拟有附着物后叶片周围流场的变化、叶片升力及阻力系数的变化,并与原叶片的气动性能进行对比。比较分析了不同攻角下叶片外部压力分布的变化规律,计算分析了外部压力分布对表面附着物力学特性影响规律。该文实验攻角为-4°~24°,温度为250.37K。分别对比了叶片附着物的厚度和长度对叶片性能的影响,通过对比升力及阻力特性,发现与原叶片相比,附着物叶片的升力系数普遍减少,并随附着物长度和厚度的增加,升力系数降低得更剧烈。附着物是造成叶片气动性能恶化的主要原因。 相似文献
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对某水平轴风力机叶片附近的三维湍流流场进行了数值模拟,其中在7、15、25m/s 3种不同工况下分别采用S-A、Standard k-ε、RNG k-ε和SST k-ω4种湍流模型。计算结果表明:随着来流速度的逐渐增大,叶片吸力面的分离流沿叶根向叶尖方向逐渐发展,且由于三维旋转效应使得展向流动逐渐增强。和相关实验结果比较,选择不同的湍流模型对数值模拟结果有明显影响,其中RNG k-ε和SST k-ω两种模型可以获得较好的压力分布计算精度。综合考虑压力分布、功率系数和推力系数在不同工况下与实验结果的比较,选择SST k-ω湍流模型较适合模拟该水平轴风力机周围复杂的三维湍流流动。 相似文献
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H型垂直轴风力机启动性能分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以H型垂直轴风力机为研究对象,从最基本的启动特性入手,采用三维CFD技术,结合剪切应力输运SST κ-ω湍流模型,模拟分析了全尺寸垂直轴风力机的安装半径、叶片弦长、安装角度和叶片数目四个参数对其自启动性能的影响。结果表明,上游叶片和塔筒的尾流对下游叶片气动特性具有影响,当叶片处于上游尾流区内时,牵引力急剧减小,当气流从两叶片之间穿过时,风力机启动力矩可达到最大值;风轮的静态启动力矩随叶片安装半径的增加而增加,即叶片安装半径越大,自启动性能越好;当叶片弦长从0.1 m增至0.4 m时,启动力矩增长较快,当叶片弦长大于0.4 m时,力矩随叶片弦长增加的幅度明显减小;不同的叶片安装角度对垂直轴风力机启动性能的影响较小,当安装角从1°增至8°时启动力矩也随之缓慢增加,当安装角达到9°时启动力矩迅速减小;叶片数目越多,风轮的最大启动力矩越大,自启动性能越好。 相似文献
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应用PIV粒子图像测速技术,在风洞中测量水平轴风力机模型塔筒的近尾迹流场。通过对模型风力机在不同运行尖速比下、不同叶高平面内的塔筒近尾迹速度场和涡量场的分析,得到了塔筒近尾迹流场的结构特征,为水平轴风力机气动设计、性能预测及CFD数值模拟提供了依据。实验结果表明,受到风轮旋转效应的影响,在水平轴风力机塔筒下游轴向距离6倍当地弦长范围内,近尾迹在水平面内向一侧明显偏转,近尾迹流场相对塔筒中心轴面呈非对称分布。随着尖速比的减小,塔筒下游轴向距离6倍当地弦长范围内,近尾迹涡流宽度逐渐增大,且尾迹向一侧偏转的程度也越大。风力机叶片对塔筒近尾迹涡流的影响,在叶根部位高度平面内尤为显著,随着叶片高度的增加,叶片对塔筒近尾迹涡流的影响逐渐减弱。 相似文献
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Most modern high-power wind turbines are horizontal axis type with straight twisted blades. Upgrading power and performance of these turbines is considered a challenge. A recent trend towards improving the horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) performance is to use swept blades or sweep twist adaptive blades. In the present work, the effect of blade curvature, sweep starting point and sweep direction on the wind turbine performance was investigated. The CFD simulation method was validated against available experimental data of a 0.9?m diameter HAWT. The wind turbine power and thrust coefficients at different tip speed ratios were calculated. Flow field, pressure distribution and local tangential and streamwise forces were also analysed. The results show that the downstream swept blade has the highest Cp value at design point as compared with the straight blade profile. However, the improvement in power coefficient is accompanied by a thrust increase. Results also show that the best performance is obtained when the starting blade sweeps at 25% of blade radius for different directions of sweep. 相似文献
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Florian Sayer Falko Bürkner Benjamin Buchholz Michael Strobel Arno M. van Wingerde Hans‐Gerd Busmann Henry Seifert 《风能》2013,16(2):163-174
This paper presents results out of investigations of the DEBRA‐25 wind turbine blades. Almost unique in the history of modern wind energy, these blades were in operation for 18 years next to a weather station and were investigated afterward. Therefore, the loads experienced in the operational life could be post‐processed accurately with the measured data of the weather station and the turbine. The blades are made of materials that are similar with today's wind turbines. Furthermore, intensive laboratory tests and free field tests have been carried out, and all load assumptions and data and results are still available today. The results include experimental investigations on the moisture content of the load‐carrying material, static and fatigue behavior of the material, the relaxation of the coupling joints, the natural frequencies of the blade and a full scale static blade test. It is shown that the structural performance of the DEBRA‐25 service blades is comparable with modern wind turbine blades. Although some damage was found by visual inspection, the service blade of the DEBRA‐25 showed excellent mechanical behavior in the full scale blade test. Only small changes of the edgewise eigenfrequencies were detected. The pre‐tensioning forces of the IKEA bolts, where the two blade parts are connected, were measured and were still adequate. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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The criterion of Betz for optimum rotors with a finite number of blades is revisited and used to determine the performance of wind turbines. The Betz criterion states that ideal efficiency is obtained when the distribution of circulation along the blade produces a rigidly helicoid wake that moves in the direction of its axis with a constant velocity. Theories based on this criterion were more than 60 years ago developed by Goldstein and Theodorsen. Although these theories made it possible to determine optimum circulation distributions on rotors, they fail to determine correctly the associated optimum power coefficient. Especially, they fail to reproduce the results of the general momentum theory when the number of blades goes to infinity. The present theory is a modification to the original model of Goldstein using a new analytical solution to the wake vortex problem. In contrast to earlier models, the new model is consistent with the general momentum theory and enables for the first time to determine the theoretical maximum efficiency of rotors with an arbitrary number of blades. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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针对风力机叶片,建立其结构动力学方程,推导分析了叶片旋转所产生的振动速度及其对来流的影响。基于BEM(Blade Element Momentum)理论,在风力机空气动力学基础上,建立了风力机的气动耦合分析模型。应用该模型,对某2MW风力机进行了计算分析,得到了叶片在额定工作风速下的振动变形、速度、加速度以及叶片沿展向的变形和载荷分布。充分考虑叶片的结构振动特性与来流风速的耦合效应,使得风力机空气动力学特性模型更加准确,对于风力机的设计和分析具有重要意义。 相似文献