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道路建设需要消耗大量的材料,同时在沥青路面的养护当中会产生大量的废旧路面材料,如果将这些废旧路面材料进行再生循环的话,可以提高使用资源利用效率,减少环境的污染,实现科学发展。本文笔者结合多年工作经验,详细阐述了沥青路面材料再生技术的分类以及运用。 相似文献
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水泥行业是我国国民经济建设的重要基础材料产业,也是主要的能源资源消耗和污染物排放行业之一。水泥行业按照国家节能减排总体要求,加快产业结构调整步伐,大力推广新型干法水泥生产工艺,大型新型干法水泥生产技术、余热发电技术等一批技术和装备达到国际先进水平;水泥行业节能减排工作取得积极进展,吨水泥综合能耗明显降低,颗粒物排放总量不断减少,年消纳、利用各类工业废弃物超过4亿t,但水泥行业能源资源消耗高、环境负荷重的局面还未得到根本改变,节能减排仍有很多突出的问题亟待解决。 相似文献
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《Planning》2015,(27)
近年来,我国公路建设事业迅速发展,就地热再生技术将废旧沥青路面材料再生循环应用于道路建设和养护中,产生了一定的环保和经济效益。通过对就地热再生路面养护技术应用情况的分析,阐述了影响就地热再生路面性能的因素,提出了就地热再生路面存在的问题。 相似文献
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利用路面改建和养护维修中产生的废旧路面材料,作为再生集料筑路,可以减少旧路面改建和养护维修废渣造成的环境污染,节约路面建筑材料资源,降低路面工程造价,实现公路建设的可持续发展。 相似文献
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对沥青混凝土路面铣创材料再生利用的经济效益和社会效益进行了详细分析,从矿料级配的变化和修正及铣创料在再生过程中应注意的问题等方面阐述了铣刨料的再生利用工艺,以达到预期的效果. 相似文献
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Energy demand in rural areas of developing countries has driven researchers towards harnessing energy sources available to them. One of those recognised sources available in rural areas is waste organic materials. This paper examines the continous process method of biogas production from poultry wastes at various conditions under anaerobic digestion. Biogas technology enables rural dwellers to obtain cheap, high-grade fuel as well as organic fertiliser through the resources available to them locally. A biogas programme helps to solve environmental problems arising from the disposal of organic waste materials. The treatment of sewage protects water supply. Biogas technology helps to conserve foreign exchange for energy importing countries. The test results show that gas production rates were higher at controlled elevated temperature compared to the production rates at ambient conditions. It indicates that bacteria are more active at high temperatures. The digested effluent sludge is a high quality organic fertiliser, which is richer than inorganic manure, and it fixes well in the soil. 相似文献
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The construction of buildings has a very important impact on the environment, and the process of manufacturing and transporting of building materials, and installing and constructing of buildings consumes great energy and emits large quantity of greenhouse gas (GHG). The present paper defines four sources of GHG emissions in building construction, which are: manufacture and transportation of building materials; energy consumption of construction equipment; energy consumption for processing resources; and disposal of construction waste, and then establishes the calculation method of GHG emissions. This paper presents a case study of GHG emissions in building construction in Hong Kong. The results show that 82–87% of the total GHG emissions are from the embodied GHG emissions of building materials, 6–8% are from the transportation of building materials, and 6–9% are due to the energy consumption of construction equipment. The results also indicate that embodied GHG emissions of concrete and reinforced steel account for 94–95% of those of all building materials, and thus the use of recycled building materials, especially reinforced steel, would decrease the GHG emissions by a considerable amount. 相似文献
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众所周知,建筑物对环境的影响很大。我们可以将建筑看作一种特殊的产品来对待,引入生命周期评价方法评价建筑对环境的影响。文章主要采用日本产业技术综合研究所LCA研究中心开发的评价系统AIST-LCA Ver.2对高层建筑——苏州月亮湾国际中心建筑(每100 m2的建筑面积)进行生命周期评价。在评价过程中,建筑的生命周期分为5个过程,即建材准备阶段、建筑建造阶段、建筑运行阶段(运行年限为50年)、建筑拆除阶段和建筑垃圾处理阶段。得到的评价结果为建筑的运行阶段和建材的准备阶段对环境的影响较大,其次为建筑垃圾处理阶段和拆除阶段,建筑建造阶段对环境产生的影响最小。对环境影响较大的影响类型为城市空气污染、富营养化、全球变暖等。 相似文献
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减少,回收和再利用各种废物是当今世界可持续发展的战略之一.香港的建筑工业每天都要产生大量的建筑废物,处理和管理这些建筑废物已经成为严重的社会问题和环境问题.随着经济的快速增长,国内的一些大城市中建筑废物的处理和管理同样成为主要的环境和社会问题之一.回收和再利用建筑废物,不仅可以节约处理建筑废物的土地,减少管理和处理建筑废物的成本,而且可以节约大量的自然资源.香港政府已经建立了回收和筛选建筑废物的设施.香港理工大学在回收和再利用建筑废物领域开展了近十年的研究工作,取得了一定的成果并向香港政府推荐了再生骨料回收再利用的规范.笔者介绍香港理工大学在研究建筑废物再生骨料混凝土方面取得的成果,包括建筑废物再生骨料环保砖、粉煤灰再生骨料混凝土、蒸汽养护再生骨料混凝土等.并介绍再生骨料混凝土在香港湿地公园的应用情况.这些技术成果将对回收和利用建筑废物起到促进作用. 相似文献
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G ran B ckblom 《Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology incorporating Trenchless Technology Research》1991,6(4):463-467
Sweden's energy consumption produces about 250 metric tons of spent nuclear fuel annually. In order to meet the country's growing need for high-level radioactive waste disposal, the Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company (SKB) has developed a waste management system that will ensure safe handling of all of Sweden's radioactive waste. To prepare for the siting and licensing of the final disposal site, SKB is constructing an underground research laboratory, the Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory, which will replace the underground laboratory at Stripa Mine that has been in operation since 1977. This article describes the R & D objectives of the Hard Rock Laboratory, as well as site characterization, layout and construction of the laboratory, which began in October 1990. 相似文献
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随着全球环境的不断恶化以及各种资源的浪费,人们对节能环保的理念也越来越重视。而在建筑工程项目施工中,采用新技术新材料来达到节能降耗的目的,也已成为建筑单位与部门所关注的重点。本文就针对我国建筑工程中的墙体节能与外墙内保温技术的概念进行介绍,并详细分析其在建筑工程中的具体施工方法,再提出几点加强施工质量的控制措施,以期能够促进建筑节能的长效、可持久发展。 相似文献
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Hazardous waste management has become a municipal problem, associated with industrial development and changing consumption patterns. We study the hazardous waste management system as a supply chain with a disposal facility and a contractor, which serves customers with demand sensitive to price and environment impact. The government intervenes with this supply chain by imposing emission penalties that make the waste disposal facility responsible for reducing disposal process emissions. The Stackelberg game and Nash equilibrium are used to model the decision-making sequence between the disposal facility and the contractor. We specify different scenarios to model the hazardous waste management supply chain. The goal of this research is to find the optimal disposal service price and level of environmental improvement to mitigate adverse impacts and maximize profits. The applicability of dual-channel service in the hazardous waste supply chain is also investigated. Our study shows that the supply chain obtains the highest profit if both the disposal facility and the contractor operate in a centralized model. Under some scenarios, profitability improves if the disposal facility becomes active in waste collection and transportation under a dual-channel supply-chain model. Demand sensitivity to price and environmental impacts can affect the adopted level of improvement by disposal facilities. 相似文献
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随着我国城市化水平的提高,住宅建筑的建造成为我国首要解决的问题,然而在中国的住宅建造中存在着各种各样的弊病:住宅的生命周期短、能耗大、住宅建设和拆迁过程中产生了很多难以处理和再利用的建筑垃圾,不仅造成了大量的能源浪费而且对环境也产生了严重的污染。由于环境破坏,生态系统失调引起的一系列环境反应,使“可持续发展”成为全球的大趋势,因此绿色生态住宅的建设正是在顺应当前大趋势的条件下对建筑方面绿色生态环保问题做出的积极地回应。下面笔者将从我国发展绿色住宅的必要性、绿色住宅概念的产生、中国传统民居形式和值得借鉴的绿色技术、关于对绿色住宅的一些认识进行简要的分析。 相似文献