单级离心压气机气动性能预测与优化设计

为了提升低转速工况下压气机的气动性能,采用人工神经网络与遗传算法相结合的优化方法对某单级离心压气机离心叶轮的弯特性进行优化计算。利用NUMECA软件对该离心压气机进行了不同转速的数值模拟,得到压气机不同工况下的气动性能。通过设置不同控制参数和曲线形式对离心叶轮叶片进行参数化拟合,以8个改变叶片弯特性的参数为自由参数进行了叶型优化设计,最终得到了优化后的叶轮叶片。结果表明:优化后在低转速的设计工况下离心压气机压比增加了4.69%,稳定裕度拓宽了17.41%。     

离心压气机的初步设计及其优化方法

提出了一种对工程实际设计具有指导意义的离心压气机初步设计及其优化计算方法。这种方法把离心压气机划分成几个截面进行迭代计算,使用完善的损失模型对离心压气机中出现的各种流动损失进行模拟,为了保证计算精度,该数学模型中对叶轮出口和扩压器入口区域采用交错网格方法对压力分布和速度分布进行求解。程序中可以优化的参数有6个,可在这6个参数中任意选取2个或3个参数进行优化计算,为了验证这种方法的可行性,对比了采用一般方法和采用本方法进行初步设计的计算结果。最后,对离心压气机初步设计及其优化方法中的几个问题进行了探讨,如不同叶轮后弯角对优化结果的影响,叶片入口平均宽度对优化结果的影响。部分损失系数随后弯角变化的趋等。     

小流量离心压气机的设计与流场计算

介绍了一个带有分流叶片的小流量离心压气机的设计过程。这个叶轮的主要设计参数为流量0．215kg／s，转速95000r／min，压比1．8。简要介绍了离心压气机设计系统，其中包括初步设计及优化模块，性能仿真模块，叶轮造型模块。使用三维NS方程对所设计的离心压气机在设计点的性能进行了计算，计算结果表明所设计的离心压气机基本能够满足设计要求。     

叶顶间隙对跨音速离心压气机气动性能影响分析

基于控制变量法对某跨音速离心压气机进行数值模拟,研究了叶轮尾缘叶间隙改变对其气动性能的影响。仅改变该离心叶轮的尾缘叶顶间隙,在设计转速下进行全三维黏性数值模拟,对相关气动参数进行分析。计算结果表明,相较于小流量工况,尾缘叶顶间隙的改变对离心压气机大流量工况的气动性能影响更大;在设计流量下,离心叶轮的压比、效率与叶轮尾缘出口间隙大小之间具有一定的线性关系,随着叶尖间隙增大,叶轮叶尖泄漏流的强度明显增强,导致叶轮的增压能力下降。     

高海拔条件下压气机结构优化及其对柴油机性能的影响

基于二级可调增压柴油机高海拔性能试验,采用计算流体力学(CFD)和柴油机工作过程计算方法,开展高海拔条件下压气机叶轮结构优化及其对柴油机性能影响的研究.研究结果表明:海拔5 500 m,压气机叶轮主叶片及分流叶片前缘前掠6.27°、分流叶片向主叶片压力面偏折12.09°,压气机叶轮流道内流动损失明显降低,出口处流动稳定性提高,压比、效率及流量范围分别提高4.16%、2.63%及6.58%;压气机叶轮优化后,二级可调增压柴油机中低转速燃烧过程得到明显改善,滞燃期和燃烧持续期缩短;柴油机1 200 r/min全负荷工况最高燃烧压力升高9.53%,累计放热量提高8.78%,转矩提高5.82%,燃油消耗率降低4.42%.     

离心压气机叶片式机匣拓稳流动特性

内燃机功率提高以及高原、高空功率恢复的要求，推动着内燃机增压比不断提高，高增压技术成为先进内燃机发展的核心关键技术之一．提高压比将导致离心压气机稳定工作范围和效率急剧降低，高压比离心压气机的气动稳定性与扩稳成为高增压技术研究的核心和难点．为拓宽跨声速离心压气机的稳定工作范围，对一种离心压气机叶片式机匣处理结构开展了研究，利用数值模拟研究了叶片式机匣内部流动特性与拓稳机理，并对导叶形式进行了优化，最后通过试验进行验证，结果表明：采用优化的导叶机匣处理结构，能够有效拓宽离心压气机高压比流动范围，喘振流量可拓宽6%～8%.     

高压比离心压气机设计及试验验证

单级离心压气机在中小型航空燃气涡轮发动机中得到了广泛的应用,为了探索高压比离心压气机设计技术,本文利用离心压气机设计系统完成了一台单级压比5.2的离心压气机设计,突破了跨音速离心叶轮、紧凑式扩压器设计关键技术,总结了高压比离心压气机设计方法,并在高速压气机试验台上完成了试验验证,结果表明,该离心压气机内流流动参数分布合理,各项性能完全满足设计指标要求。     

基于Krain离心压气机叶轮的叶型优化

本文以设计压比为4.7的Krain离心叶轮为研究对象,以设计工况下多变效率为优化目标,对压气机叶型进行优化。采用CFX软件对其进行数值模拟,通过对内部流场分析发现叶轮入口存在较强的激波;基于ANSYS Design Exploration平台,采用Bezier曲线对该离心叶轮的叶片中弧线进行参数化,通过改变Bezier曲线控制点得出一系列设计叶型;对设计叶型进行数值模拟,筛选得出最优结果。优化后,设计工况下,叶轮多变效率提高0.84%,叶轮入口激波强度有所降低;同时也证明了使用ANSYS Design Exploration平台进行离心压气机优化的可行性。     

超临界氦气离心压气机流场分析

设计了一个包含离心叶轮、扩压器和回流器的单级超临界氦气离心压气机,并采用数值模拟方法对设计结果进行了三维数值模拟分析。通过对总特性、叶表压力分布、展向参数分布以及三维流场的分析,得到了高负荷超临界氦气离心压气机各部件内部的典型复杂流动特点。研究结果表明：相比常规工质,超临界氦气离心压气机单级压比较低,但叶轮与扩压器的负荷和级效率较高,且超临界氦气整体流动为亚音流,只在叶片前缘局部出现超音区。     

几何参数变化对离心压气机性能影响的仿真研究

采用离心压气机性能仿真数学模型研究某些几何参数，如叶片顶部间隙，叶轮叶片出口角变化对压气机性能产生的影响，是当今设计高压比、宽工作范围、高效离心压气机的关键步骤。为此，首先建立了离心压气机性能仿真数学模型。为了验证数学模型的有效性，对Krain叶轮性能进行了计算。随后，对不同叶片顶部间隙，不同出口叶片角的压气机性能进行仿真研究。研究结果表明，随顶部间隙的增大，压气机效率及压比下降；后弯叶轮性能优于径向叶轮。     

Design and optimization of a single stage centrifugal compressor for a solar dish-Brayton system

According to the requirements of a solar dish-Brayton system,a centrifugal compressor stage with a minimum total pressure ratio of 5,an adiabatic efficiency above 75% and a surge margin more than 12% needs to be designed.A single stage,which consists of impeller,radial vaned diffuser,90° crossover and two rows of axial stators,was chosen to satisfy this system.To achieve the stage performance,an impeller with a 6:1 total pressure ratio and an adiabatic efficiency of 90% was designed and its preliminary geometry came from an in-house one-dimensional program.Radial vaned diffuser was applied downstream of the impeller.Two rows of axial stators after 90° crossover were added to guide the flow into axial direction.Since jet-wake flow,shockwave and boundary layer separation coexisted in the impeller-diffuser region,optimization on the radius ratio of radial diffuser vane inlet to impeller exit,diffuser vane inlet blade angle and number of diffuser vanes was carried out at design point.Finally,an optimized centrifugal compressor stage fulfilled the high expectations and presented proper performance.Numerical simulation showed that at design point the stage adiabatic efficiency was 79.93% and the total pressure ratio was 5.6.The surge margin was 15%.The performance map including 80%,90% and 100% design speed was also presented.     

高压比跨音速离心叶轮的三维叶片型线优化

应用Fine／Design3D软件,采用CFD方法对某一高压比跨音速离心叶轮进行三维叶片型线优化设计,优化结果是效率提高了1．05％,压比和流量也都得到了提高。从几何变化分析,相对于根部、中径截面叶片型线,叶片顶部型线优化是提高跨音速离心叶轮效率的有效措施。     

Investigation of a centrifugal compressor and study of the area ratio and TIP clearance effects on performance

In this research, the centrifugal compressor of a turbocharger is investigated experimentally and numerically. Performance characteristics of the compressor were obtained experimentally by measurements of rotor speed and flow parameters at the inlet and outlet of the compressor. Three dimensional flow field in the impeller and dif- fuser was analyzed numerically using a full Navier-Stokes program with SST turbulence model. The performance characteristics of the compressor were obtained numerically, which were then compared with the experimental results. The comparison shows good agreement. Furthermore, the effect of area ratio and tip clearance on the performance parameters and flow field was stud- ied numerically. The impeller area ratio was changed by cutting the impeller exit axial width from an initial value of 4.1 mm to a final value of 5.1 mm, resulting in an area ratio from 0.792 to 0.965. For the rotor with exit axial width of 4.6 mm, performance was investigated for tip clearance of 0.0, 0.5 and 1.0 mm. Results of this simula- tion at design point showed that the compressor pressure ratio peaked at an area ratio of 0.792 while the effi- ciency peaked at a higher value of area ratio of 0.878. Also the increment of the tip clearance from 0 to 1 mm resulted in 20 percent efficiency decrease.     

Centrifugal compressor blade optimization based on uniform design and genetic algorithms

An optimization approach to centrifugal compressor blade design, incorporating uniform design method (UDM), computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis technique, regression analysis method and genetic algorithms (GA), is presented. UDM is employed to generate the geometric information of trial samples whose performance is evaluated by CFD technique. Then, function approximation of sample information is performed by regression analysis method. Finally, global optimization of the approximative function is obtained by genetic algorithms. Taking maximum isentropic efficiency as objective function, this optimization approach has been applied to the optimum design of a certain centrifugal compressor blades. The results, compared with those of the original one, show that isentropic efficiency of the optimized impeller has been improved which indicates the effectiveness of the proposed optimization approach.     

分流叶片周向位置设计及其对离心叶轮内部流动的影响

利用计算流体力学软件,对某高压比、高转速、小流量离心式压气机的半开式叶轮内部三维粘性流场进行了数值模拟研究。重点分析了分流叶片周向位置对叶轮内部流动和性能的影响,提出了适合此半开式离心叶轮分流叶片周向位置的设计方案。结果表明：分流叶片不同周向位置对流场影响明显,当分流叶片偏向长叶片吸力面侧时,叶轮流道内低速区增大,流动分布不均匀。研究还发现：固定分流叶片进口而将出口位置向长叶片压力面侧偏置,可以改善叶轮内部流动情况,提高叶轮性能。     

叶片根部倒角对离心叶轮气动性能影响

叶轮是决定离心压气机气动性能的关键因素之一,在保持叶轮设计参数不变的条件下,调整叶根倒角的分布,对比分析叶根倒角对压气机性能的影响.利用Numeca软件对跨声速离心压气机进行全三维稳态流动数值模拟方案分为等半径倒角与变半径倒角两种.结果表明:主叶片后半弦长的倒角是决定压气机气动性能的关键性因素,尾缘倒角比前缘更敏感;根...     

高压比前倾后弯压气叶轮的气动设计

为开发高压比舰用增压器，设计了小内壳直径的压气机，并用三元流计算分析了前倾后弯叶轮中不同结构参数下的气流情况。计算使设计的结构达到预期的压气机性能。