含氯废塑料脱氯反应器内衬材质研究

含氯废塑料在喷入高炉前必须经过脱氯处理,在脱氯过程中会产生大量的HCI气体,而HCl具有很强的腐蚀性。对（00Cr17Ni14Mo3（316L）,0Cr18Ni9Ti（321）,1Cr18Ni9（302））奥氏体不锈钢和紫铜4种金属材料及Al2O3陶瓷进行抗HCl气体腐蚀实验。实验结果表明,在4种金属材料中316L不锈钢的抗HCl气体的腐蚀性能最好,Al2O3陶瓷具有良好的抗HCl气体腐蚀性和抗热震性,完全符合含氯废塑料脱氯反应器内衬材质性能要求。     

含氯废塑料脱氯反应器内衬材质研究

含氯废塑料在脱氯过程中会产生大量的HCl气体，而HCl具有很强的腐蚀性。本文对（00Crl7Ni14Mo3（316L），0Cr18Ni9Ti（321），1Cr18Ni9（302））奥氏体不锈钢和紫铜4种金属材料及Al2O3陶瓷进行抗HCl气体腐蚀实验，对实验前后的试样进行扫描电镜（SEM）和光谱（EDS）分析，并对Al2O3陶瓷进行了抗热震性实验。结果表明，在4种金属材料中316L不锈钢的抗HCl气体的腐蚀性能最好，通过正交试验研制的Al2O3陶瓷具有良好的抗HCl气体腐蚀性和抗热震性,完全符合含氯废塑料脱氯反应器内衬材质性能要求。     

高速电弧喷涂致密NiCrBSi涂层及其腐蚀行为研究

本文采用改进的电弧喷枪制备了致密Ni Cr BSi涂层,分析了涂层孔隙率及氧元素含量。通过电化学极化曲线和模拟垃圾焚烧环境,对涂层的腐蚀行为进行了分析。研究结果表明,采用改进喷枪,Ni Cr BSi涂层孔隙率及喷涂过程中氧化现象显著降低。自腐蚀电位及自腐蚀电流密度结果显示,涂层的电化学腐蚀性能优于316L不锈钢。高温氯腐蚀动力学进一步证实,Ni Cr BSi涂层腐蚀速率显著低于316L不锈钢。高温氯腐蚀后,元素分析揭示了Ni基涂层具有优良的抗高温氯腐蚀效果。     

Cr-Ni奥氏体不锈钢

本文汇集了主要合金元素在Cr-Ni奥氏体不锈钢的作用、扼要介绍了典型Cr-Ni不锈钢的物理、力学、冷成型和耐蚀性。事实上,超低碳奥氏体不锈钢00Cr18Ni10和00Cr18Ni14Mo2(304L和316L)的耐蚀性和冷成型性能显著优于Ti稳定化的奥氏体不锈钢。鉴于这种状况,建议在腐蚀环境中,应该使用超低碳Cr-Ni奥氏体不锈钢(304L)代替目前广泛使用的Ti稳定化不锈钢(321)。     

不锈钢材料在酸溶液中耐蚀性的研究

研究了不锈钢AISI304和1Cr18Ni9Ti在几种酸溶液中的腐蚀特征。这两种不锈钢在HNO3，H2SO4，H3PO4溶液中腐蚀轻微，主要是晶间腐蚀；而在HCl溶液中腐蚀严重。以点蚀为主。不锈钢AISI304的耐蚀性优于1Cr18Ni9Ti，不锈钢中碳的质量分数越低。其耐蚀性能越好。     

0Cr18Ni9不锈钢卷板裂纹异议分析

通过金相及扫描电镜观察,分析了用0Cr18Ni9不锈钢热轧卷板生产的印染机烘干筒在使用过程中产生轴向裂纹的原因,确定该裂纹是在氯离子腐蚀环境和加工应力共同作用下产生的应力腐蚀裂纹,属于设计选材不当,并为用户推荐了耐氯离子应力腐蚀的316L不锈钢,解决了类似的质量问题。     

OCr18Ni9不锈钢卷板裂纹异议分析

通过金相及扫描电镜观察,分析了用0Cr18Ni9不锈钢热轧卷板生产的印染机烘干筒在使用过程中产生轴向裂纹的原因,确定该裂纹是在氯离子腐蚀环境和加工应力共同作用下产生的应力腐蚀裂纹,属于设计选材不当,并为用户推荐了耐氯离子应力腐蚀的316L不锈钢,解决了类似的质量问题。     

445M铁素体不锈钢缝隙腐蚀性能的研究

研究了445M铁素体不锈钢(%:0.004～0.005C、22.24～22.29Cr、1.10～1.65Mo、0.015～0.016P、0.003～0.004S、0.012～0.016N、0.22～0.38Ti)和316L奥氏体不锈钢(%:0.022C、16.80Cr、10.19Ni、2.02Mo、0.025P、0.001S、0.046N)在40～60℃氯离子浓度(250～5 000)×10^-6的氯化钠溶液的缝隙腐蚀性能。结果表明,445M铁素体不锈钢的耐缝隙腐蚀性能优于316L奥氏体不锈钢;当445M钢中的Mo含量由1.10%提高至1.65%时,钢的耐缝隙腐蚀性能明显提高,表明点蚀当量Cr+3.3Mo是衡量不锈钢耐点蚀和耐缝隙腐蚀的重要指标。     

高温钠热管的快速寿命试验分析

在600～1100℃温度范围内,对高温用等温钠热管进行了33天的快速寿命试验。热管材料选用GH181镍基高温合金,吸液芯材料则用1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢。试验结果表明,GH181合金有较好的抗液钠腐蚀能力;而抗液钠腐蚀较差的1Cr18Ni9Ti则不适于用做吸液芯材料。     

不锈钢在高温高压水中的电化学行为

采用模拟贫铬区的Fe-11％Ni-(6～18％)Cr钢及纯Fe,纯Cr,纯Ni,SUS304,SUS316不锈钢分别测量其高温高压水中的阳极极化曲线,从而阐明了敏化不锈钢在上述介质中晶间应力腐蚀敏感性较高的理由。     

易切削奥氏体不锈钢303F和316F的机加工性能

仪器仪表用３０３Ｆ，３１６Ｆ，Ｃａ－Ｓ易切削奥氏体不锈钢的切削，钻削加工性能分别优于０Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９和０Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ１２Ｍｏ２不锈钢。     

含银高氮无镍抗菌不锈钢HNSAg的冷作硬化和耐磨蚀性能

试验研究了超低碳Cr-Ni-Mo奥氏体不锈钢316L(/%:0.023C,0.55Si,0.86Mn,17.57Cr,11.23Ni,2.03Mo)和抗菌超低碳Cr-Mn-Mo-N-Cu-Ag奥氏体不锈钢HNSAg(0.024C,0.48Si,18.72Mn,18.05Cr,1.96Mo,0.55N,0.48Cu,0.13Ag,0.12Nb)的冷作硬化和耐磨蚀性能。HNSAg钢由10 kg增压感应炉熔炼,锻成15 mm板,再经1 100℃1 h固溶水冷处理。结果表明,固溶状态的HNSAg钢的形变抗力较316L钢高,但仍然保持优良的塑性变形能力。在相同腐蚀磨损条件下,HNSAg钢耐磨蚀性能比316L钢高,其32 h耐磨蚀失重率约为316L钢的1/2。     

超塑性奥氏体-铁素体双相不锈钢00Cr25Ni7Mo3N的研制

通过电弧炉-电渣重熔工艺开发研制了成分为(%):0.021C,24.16Cr,7.21Ni,2.87Mo,0.17N,0.48Cu超塑性双相不锈钢00Cr25Ni7Mo3N。试验结果表明,00Cr25Ni7Mo3N超塑性双相不锈钢的耐孔蚀性和耐缝隙腐蚀性远高于传统的304L和316L奥氏体不锈钢。在变形温度960℃、应变速率2×10^-3/s时,00Cr25Ni7Mo3N超塑性双相不锈钢的最高延伸率为960%,该钢超塑性变形的均匀性优于TC4钛合金,可显著减轻构件的重量。     

Cavitation Erosion Behavior and Mechanism of HVOF Sprayed WC-10Co-4Cr Coating in 3.5 wt% NaCl Solution

A WC-10Co-4Cr coating was prepared by high-velocity oxygen-fuel (HVOF) thermal spraying process. The cavitation erosion (CE) characteristics of the coating as well as the stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti were investigated in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. The coating exhibited higher CE resistance than that of the stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti. After being eroded for 20 h, the CE volume loss of the stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti is 3.22 times to that of the coating. The removal mechanism for the coating was erosion of the binder phase first, followed by brittle detachment of hard phases as a result of the action of corrosion and mechanical effect. The cracks were found to initiate at the carbide-binder interface and the edge of the pores, leading to craters on the surface and accelerating the damage of the coating. Fatigue and plastic deformation were found to be the material removal mechanism for the substrate steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti.     

AOD炉冶炼含氮不锈钢氮合金化工艺开发

介绍了AOD炉运用氮气在不锈钢中溶解与脱除理论所开发的氮合金化工艺。在40tAOD炉上冶炼0Cr19Ni9N,0Cr19Ni9NbN,1Cr17Mn6Ni5N,00Cr18Ni5Mo3Si2（N）,00Cr22Ni5Mo3N等舍氮不锈钢钢种。不需在线分析钢中氮含量，较为准确地预测与控制钢中氮溶解度值及舍氮不锈钢成品的氮含量。     

Comparative Evaluation of Low Nickel and Nickel Free Lean Duplex Stainless Steels with 316L in a Variety of Corrosive Media

For many applications duplex stainless steels with their superior strength coupled with lower raw material cost have emerged as an attractive alternative to austenitic stainless steels. With emphasis on conservation of scarce resources like nickel and molybdenum there is continuing endeavour to develop essentially molybdenum free lean duplex stainless steels with low nickel content such as 2304 (23Cr–4Ni), 2202 (22Cr–2Ni), 2101 (21Cr–1.5Ni). This paper compares the corrosion behaviour of a low nickel duplex (21Cr–1.5Ni) and a nickel free duplex (21Cr–1.5Cu) with 316L stainless steel in several corrosive media. All the three alloys exhibit similar excellent corrosion resistance under boiling conditions in less aggressive organic acids such as 20 % acetic acid, 25 % lactic acid, 25 % citric acid. However, in stronger organic acids such as 5 % formic acid, 5 % oxalic acid, and mixture of formic and acetic acid, the duplex grades exhibit superior corrosion resistance. This edge over 316L continues on addition of chloride ions in these acids. In boiling 50 % nitric acid solution, the corrosion resistance of these nickel free and low nickel duplex is slightly better than 316L grade. Since 304L grade is generally used in nitric acid plants, tests were also conducted on 304L and these duplex grades were found to be more resistant. Similarly in 50 % phosphoric acid also, the duplex grades exhibit superior corrosion resistance compared to 316L grade. Alloying with nickel and molybdenum is known to give rise to significant improvement in corrosion resistance in this acid. However, even in the absence of these elements, the beneficial effect of higher chromium content is evident. Of all the inorganic acids, sulfuric acid is used in largest volume in the industries. Boiling tests in dilute 1 and 5 % H₂SO₄ indicate that nickel free copper bearing duplex is more resistant than low nickel duplex grade and vastly superior to 316L Thus nickel-free and low-nickel duplex stainless steels offer a very attractive combination of high corrosion resistance coupled with cost effectiveness in a wide variety of corrosive media.     

氮对304奥氏体不锈钢组织和力学性能的影响

在０Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９奥氏体不锈钢成分基础上，加入一定的氮，并使钢中的镍含量控制在标准下限含量的条件下，研究了氮对组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明：加氮后钢的强度提高，奥氏体稳定不变，固溶态组织不变，而敏化后晶界析出物类型有所不同。     

Erosion and Corrosion of Mild Steel and Stainless Steel in Sodium Carbonate／Bicarbonate Solution Bearing Alumina Particle

With a rotating cylinder electrode apparatus, the polarization behaviors of the mildsteel and the stainless steel 0Crl8Ni9 in NaHCO3 (0.5M) NazCO3 (0.5M) solution with andwithout erodent particles were investigated and compared. The results show that the rotationspeed of cylinder hardly affects the polarization behavior of sample in solution without particlesbut exerts a great influence on that with particles. Increasing rotation speed, the free corrosionpotential shifts to positive direction and the oxygen limiting current density increases. Both themild steel and stainless steel 0Crl8Ni9 experience a significant increase of the mass loss by in-creasing erosion, and erosive wear was dominated by severe micro-plowing. The insufficientmechanical strength of both materials leads to a low resistance to particle removal. Increasingperipheral velocities of the rotating cylinder enhances the corrosion rate of the mild steel. Thestainless steel 0Crl8Ni9, due to a high erosive wear, also suffers from similar erosion-corrosiondamage, despite that its corrosion resistance is much higher than that of the mild steel.