沉淀法分离镍锌研究进展

概述了沉淀法分离镍锌工艺，介绍了硫化沉淀、黄药沉淀和碳酸盐沉淀-碱浸、氨水沉淀分离镍锌方法，指出研发低成本、无污染、环境友好的镍锌分离方法是今后的主要发展方向。     

废旧锂电池废料除铝及回收铝工艺研究

锂离子电池作为电池市场的主要产品,产量不计其数,同时每年废弃的锂离子电池数目也非常巨大,这些锂离子电池废料中含有丰富的金属元素,为了能够有效地提取废旧锂离子电池中宝贵的金属,对其进行除铝和回收铝研究.实验使用NaOH为浸出剂、二级逆流碱浸法为工艺,探究了从锂离子电池废料中除铝的较优条件,并且利用XRF、扫描电镜对锂离子废料元素和氢氧化铝沉淀表面进行形貌分析,初步探究了不同pH值对浸出液中回收氢氧化铝能力的影响.结果表明,除铝较为适宜工艺条件为加碱量为Al的化学计量比的1.5倍,反应温度为80 ℃、反应时间为1 h、一级碱浸固液比为1:12（g/L）、二级碱浸浓度为5 %、一二级碱浸碱配比为6:4,加料方式为一级碱浸先加碱溶液再加固体废料、二级碱浸先加固体废料再加碱溶液的方式.此条件下,铝的浸出率达到12.32 %以上,废料中超过90 %铝被浸出.沉淀氢氧化铝的较优pH值为7~8.      

铂钯精矿中砷碲的碱性湿法选择性分离研究

以铜阳极泥分铜后液高效还原所得铂钯精矿为研究对象,采用常压碱浸工艺高效分离As和Te等杂质,碱浸液用H₂SO₄中和沉碲、实现As和Te的高效分离。试验考察了H₂O₂用量、NaOH浓度、液固比、反应时间和温度等参数对As和Te浸出率的影响,及碱浸液中和pH值和反应时间对As和Te分离效果的影响。结果表明：在NaOH浓度2.5 mol·L^-1、液固比5:1、不添加H₂O₂常温搅拌浸出1 h优化条件下,碱浸渣率为41.53%,Te和As的浸出率分别达到97.46%和99.17%;碱浸液采用H₂SO₄中和至pH=5后反应1.5 h,沉碲后液中Te含量仅为0.1416 g·L^-1,所得TeO₂沉淀中Te含量为71.77%、As含量为0.919%,粗TeO₂沉淀经一次提纯后Te和As含量分别为77.55%和0.050%,X射线衍射(XRD...     

丁二酮肟沉淀分离-EDTA滴定法测定含镍锌物料中锌

用EDTA滴定法测定锌,当溶液中镍质量浓度高于0.25 μg/mL时,对二甲酚橙(XO)指示剂有封闭作用,从而影响终点判断。而向溶液中加入2倍于镍量的丁二酮肟沉淀分离镍,从而消除镍元素对滴定终点的干扰,在分离镍后的溶液中加入5 g碘化钾掩蔽镉,用EDTA标准溶液直接滴定锌含量,滴定终点现象正常。按照实验方法对模拟样品试液中锌进行测定,回收率在99.02%~100.24%之间。实验方法用于测定两个含镍锌物料样品中锌,结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11)小于1%,与氢氧化钠沉淀分离-EDTA滴定法测定锌的结果相一致。     

从铅锑冶炼鼓风炉水淬渣中碱浸锌的试验研究

研究了从铅锑冶炼鼓风炉水淬渣中碱浸锌.试验结果表明:从鼓风炉水淬渣中碱浸锌,常规条件下锌浸出率为50％左右.常规工艺条件为:浸出温度80℃,液固体积质量比11,NaOH浓度12 mol/L,浸出时间60 min.     

铜冶炼烟灰碱浸渣氨浸工艺

以铜冶炼烟灰碱浸渣为原料,研究氨-硫酸铵体系的 pH 值、总氨浓度、氨铵摩尔比、液固质量比、反应温度、反应时间等因素对铜冶炼烟灰碱浸渣中铜锌浸出的影响规律.结果表明,最佳工艺条件为:总氨浓度为 5 mol/L、pH 值为 10、氨铵摩尔比为 2:1、液固质量比为 5:1,浸出温度为 70 ℃,浸出时间为 60 min.此条件下铜和锌浸出率分别为 90.6 %和 92.4 %.      

一种废锌铜镍合金的湿法分离方法

本发明公开了一种锌镍铜合金的分离方法，它包括下列步骤：配置稀硫酸，在硫酸溶液中加入锌镍铜合金，过滤后即得硫酸锌溶液和铜镍合金；在滤液中加入锌化物，使溶液达饱和，加热结晶，即得硫酸锌晶体；配制硝酸溶液，在硝酸溶液中加入过量的铜镍合金，过滤并经磁化筛选，得单质铜；滤液中加入铜镍合金，可得纯净的硝酸镍溶液。     

氧压碱浸镍钼矿提钼试验研究

采用氧压-碱浸镍钼矿,在简要介绍和分析试验原理的基础上,以钼浸出率为考察指标,重点探讨加碱量、温度、时间、液固比、矿物粒度等参数对钼浸出率的影响。试验结果表明:在NaOH为100 g/L、Na_2CO_3/镍钼矿质量比为30%、反应温度100℃、反应时间5 h、液固比3∶1、粒度0.074~0.058 mm条件下,钼浸出率可达97%以上,Ni在浸出渣中含量提高1.43%以上,钼在浸出渣中含量可降低至0.78%以下,有效实现了镍钼矿中的镍、钼分离。     

从氨溶液中萃取镍的试验研究

用某镍矿粗制的氢氧化镍中,铁、钙、镁、硅、铜、锌、钴等杂质含量较高,进一步氨浸后,镍、铜、锌、钴等生成金属-氨络合物进入溶液,用氨性萃取剂萃取、硫酸反萃取,可将镍与其他杂质分离,获得满足电积要求的镍溶液.     

炼铜烟灰碱浸脱砷的热力学及动力学

基于热力学计算,绘制了常温(298K)条件下Me-S-H2O系(Me:Cu,Pb,Zn,As)Eh-pH图,并对pH=13～15时As2S3、CuS、Cu2S、PbS、ZnS热力学稳定区进行分析。结果表明,在碱浸体系中,砷与铜、铅、锌等有价金属的分离在热力学上是可行的。基于NaOH与(NaOH+Na2S)两种体系中砷的浸出行为研究,为提高铜烟灰碱浸脱砷效率,选择(NaOH+Na2S)浸出体系是适宜的。在该体系中,在303～363K范围内,铜烟灰中砷的浸出过程受内扩散控制,浸出动力学方程遵循未反应收缩核模型。     

Effect of Inhibitors on Corrosion of Gadolinium in Water

Effect of Inhibitors on Corrosion of Gadolinium in Water     

Sequentially Enhanced Electrokinetic Remediation of Heavy Metals in Low Buffering Clayey Soils

This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation undertaken to evaluate different purging solutions to enhance the removal of multiple heavy metals, particularly chromium, nickel, and cadmium, from a low buffering clay, specifically kaolin, during electrokinetic remediation. Experiments were conducted on kaolin spiked with Cr(VI), Ni(II), and Cd(II) in concentrations of 1,000, 500, and 250 mg/kg, respectively, which simulate typical electroplating waste contamination. A total of five different tests were performed to investigate the effect of different electrode purging solutions on the electrokinetic remedial efficiency. A constant DC voltage gradient of 1 V/cm was applied for all the tests. The removal of heavy metals from the soil using tap water as the purging solution was very low. When 1 M acetic acid was used as the purging solution in the cathode, the removal of chromium, nickel, and cadmium was increased to 20, 19, and 13%, respectively. Using 0.1 M ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid as the purging solution in the cathode, 83% of the initial Cr was removed; however, the nickel and cadmium removal was very low. A sequentially enhanced electrokinetic remediation approach involving the use of water as a purging solution at both the anode and cathode initially, followed by the use of acetic acid as the cathode purging solution and a NaOH alkaline solution as the anode purging solution was tested. This sequential approach resulted in a maximum removal of chromium, nickel, and cadmium of 68–71, 71–73, and 87–94%, respectively. This study shows that the sequential use of appropriate electrode purging solutions, rather than a single electrode purging solution, is necessary to remediate multiple heavy metals in soils using electrokinetics.     

Precipitation of impurities from synthetic laterite leach solutions

The precipitation of metals from a synthetic laterite leach solution was studied within the pH range of 4-7 at 40 °C with MgO and NaOH as neutralisation reagents. It was found that the precipitation order was Cr(III) > Al(III) > Cu(II) > Fe(III) as pH below 4.5, and the order changed to Cr(III) ∼ Fe(III) > Al(III) > Cu(II) as pH above 4.5. The precipitation of chromium was almost complete (< 0.2 mg/L) and only about 1 mg/L Al remained in the neutralised solution at pH 5.2. The precipitation of iron was almost complete (< 0.2 mg/L) when the pH was 5.6, and the precipitation of copper and zinc was almost complete (< 0.2 mg/L) only at pH 7.0. It was found that nickel and cobalt were present in the precipitate even at a low pH of 4, which was much lower than their precipitation pH of 7.0. The presence of nickel and cobalt in the precipitate was assumed in two chemical forms, one as sulphate resulting from chemical adsorption, which is predominant below pH 5.7; and also as the hydroxide which resulted from co-precipitation and is predominant above pH 5.7. No significant precipitation was observed for manganese, magnesium and calcium within the pH range of 4.0-7.0.     

Use of Phosphate Rock for the Removal of Ni2+ from Aqueous Solutions: Kinetic and Thermodynamics Studies

A study was carried out in batch conditions to examine the removal of nickel ions from an aqueous solution by phosphate rock. The effect of different sorption parameters, such as initial metal concentration, equilibration time, solution pH, and temperature on the amount of Ni2+ sorbed was studied and discussed. The sorption process followed pseudo-second-order kinetics with necessary time of 2?h to reach equilibrium. The maximum removal obtained is at initial pH around 8. Nickel uptake was quantitatively evaluated using the Langmuir and Dubinin–Kaganer–Radushkevich model. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm constant corresponding to adsorption capacity, Q0, was found to be 7.63?mg/g. The possibility of metal recovery was investigated using several eluting agents. The desorbed amount of nickel decreased continuously with increasing pH, and increased with increasing Ca2+ concentration in leaching solution.     

无金属粘结相硬质合金的电化学腐蚀行为

采用1 700℃、20 MPa高温高压固相烧结工艺制备WC-0.5Cr3C2-0.3VC、WC-3.65TiC-2.45TaC-0.47Cr3C2-0.28VC和WC-6Mo2C-0.47Cr3C2-0.28VC等3种无金属粘结相硬质合金。采用CHI 660C电化学工作站研究在pH=1的H2SO4溶液、pH=7的Na2SO4溶液和pH=13的NaOH溶液中3种合金的电化学腐蚀行为。结果表明,在pH=1的H2SO4溶液和pH=7的Na2SO4溶液中WC-6Mo2C-0.47Cr3C2-0.28VC合金的耐腐蚀性能最好,在pH=13的NaOH溶液中WC-3.65TiC-2.45TaC-0.47Cr3C2-0.28VC的耐腐蚀性能最好。3种无金属粘结相硬质合金在pH=13的NaOH溶液中的耐腐蚀性能均优于其在pH=1的H2SO4溶液中的耐腐蚀性能。综合比较合金的硬度、耐腐蚀性能以及原材料价格,3种合金中WC-6Mo2C-0.47Cr3C2-0.28VC合金具有更佳的性价比。     

转炉渣富钴镍浸出液镍钴分离工艺研究

以某厂镍电解生产净化工序氯气除钴产生的钴渣为氧化剂,除去转炉渣浸出液电积脱铜后液中的钴,实现转炉渣富钴镍浸出液中镍钴分离。结果表明,在钴渣含三价镍与钴量摩尔比为4～5,反应温度70～80℃,反应时间120min,终点pH 4.8～5的条件下,分离富集钴后的二次钴渣镍钴比可降为1～1.5,可用于生产钴产品。除钴后液可直接并入镍电解系统。     

On the Role of Dilution on Selective Hydrolytic Precipitation from Bimetallic Solutions: Zn–Ni Sulfate Solution

This paper introduces and discusses some potential effects of dilution in aqueous precipitation processes. The response of a sulfate solution comprising of 0.3 mol L^?1 Zn and 0.015 mol L^?1 Ni diluted with NaOH solution has been simulated. Considerable changes in separation pH, separation potential and precipitating minerals, have appeared after dilution. An increase in separation pH from 6.86 to 7.45 due to 100 times dilution has been predicted. It has also been revealed that the selectively precipitable zinc decreases from 89.4 to 85.7 % as a result of dilution. The products of zinc precipitation from undiluted and 100 times diluted solutions should be ZnO and Zn₄(OH)₆SO₄, respectively, according to equilibrium analysis. Despite the acceptable agreement of experimental results, the full agreement has been restricted in some cases by kinetic difficulty of ZnO precipitation and local high pH zone effect that has led to nickel co-precipitation.     

废高温镍钴合金浸出液净化试验研究

在"苏打焙烧-碱浸出-氯气浸出-TBP萃取除铁-中和水解除铬-P204萃取除微量杂质-N235萃取分离镍、钴"处理废高温镍钴合金工艺的基础上,重点研究了废高温镍钴合金浸出液的净化工艺,确定了废高温镍钴合金浸出液净化的较优工艺技术参数。采用该净化工艺条件可将浸出液中的杂质元素有效地脱除,处理后所得镍、钴溶液成份满足某公司镍、钴产品生产的要求。     

高铁低镍溶液中不同工艺条件对氨沉淀法提取镍的影响

本文研究了不同工艺条件对硫酸铁和硫酸镍的混合溶液中镍的提取效果的影响.向溶液中滴加氨水将溶液中的铁离子沉淀,过滤得含镍的滤液.改变溶液中Fe3+的浓度、沉淀温度及沉淀pH值来控制Fe(OH)3沉淀对镍的吸附.此外,还研究了絮凝剂对镍吸附的影响.通过正交试验,得出提取镍的最佳实验条件为:20℃,溶液铁离子浓度为0.4 m...     

Selective separation of nickel from cobalt in ammoniacal solutions by emulsion type liquid membranes using 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ) as mobile carrier

The selective separation and concentration of nickel from ammoniacal solutions containing nickel and cobalt by an emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) technique using 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ) as carrier has been examined. The emulsion liquid membrane consists of a diluent (kerosene), a surfactant (ECA 4360J), a carrier (8-HQ), and a stripping solution (0.025 M EDTA solution, buffered at pH 4.0). Cobalt (II) in the 6 M ammonia feed solution was oxidised to cobalt (III) by adding H₂O₂ and the pH adjusted to 10 with hydrochloric acid (HCl). The important variables were found to be membrane composition, ammonia concentration, diluent type, surfactant concentration, extractant concentration, EDTA concentration in the stripping solution, pH of the feed and the stripping solutions, phase ratio, and treatment ratio. It was possible to selectively extract 96.5 to 99.0% of nickel from a mixture of nickel and cobalt.