富硒腐植酸肥料在小麦上的应用效果

运用生物技术原理,按照小麦吸收肥料营养的规律,施用加硒元素肥剂,使无机硒元素通过小麦发育、生长期间的吸收,转化成生物有机营养态硒,主要存在于籽实中,成为富硒小麦。培育结果表明,施用腐植酸有机富硒肥对小麦产量、硒含量、经济效益有显著影响,亩增产率可达15%,硒含量可达0.552mg/kg。采用播前拌种、扬花期喷施效果最佳。     

膨润土应用专利简介(一)

1土壤保水保肥剂 (ＣＮ12 376 12Ａ)以膨润土、膨胀珍珠岩、膨胀蛭石、硅藻土、凹凸棒石、海泡石、沸石为原料可制得此种保水保肥剂。2土壤营养调理剂 (ＣＮ12 336 0 6Ａ)由草炭、尿素、磷肥、钙基膨润土或沸石或蛭石、硫酸钾、硼酸等制成 ,既是一种有机无机复合肥 ,又是一种有机无机复合土壤改良剂。3富硒特种矿物肥 (ＣＮ12 2 3989Ａ)膨润土、沸石和麦饭石中加入一定量的硫酸盐矿物、一定份额的硒矿物及一定量含镁较高的矿物而成。该肥料对玉米、小麦可抗水保旱 ,对水稻微量元素溶出多 ,作用全面 ,肥效长 ,增产明显。如水稻每亩施肥 5、10…     

Sm3+掺杂碱锌硼硅酸盐玻璃析晶过程的微观结构研究

采用HTEM,NMR以及红外光谱技术,研究适宜半导体微晶掺杂的Sm3 掺杂碱硼硅酸盐基础玻璃在热处理过程中,玻璃结构的变化特点.研究结果表明,含Sm3 基础玻璃失透的主要原因在于在热作用下玻璃中[SiO4]4-以及[BO4]4-四面体结构首先分解形成了富硅相以及富硼相,稀土Sm3 则富集到富硼相中,并进一步析出了硼酸钐晶体;通过优化玻璃的组成能够改进基础玻璃的热稳定性.     

硒及富硒腐植酸生物液体肥对主要粮食作物应用效果的研究

详细介绍了富硒腐植酸生物液体肥在提高土壤硒含量，以及在主要粮食作物上的应用，并以详实的数据说明富硒腐植酸生物液体肥的增产效果。是生产绿色食品必备肥料之一。     

反应条件对原位聚合法制备PANI/CIP复合材料的影响

采用原位聚合法制备了核壳结构的聚苯胺(PANI)/羰基铁粉(CIP)复合材料,考察了掺杂酸种类、盐酸浓度、CIP用量、预搅拌时间等反应条件对反应过程及复合材料形貌和电导率的影响.以盐酸和对甲基苯磺酸为掺杂酸,均可得到核壳结构的PANI/CIP复合材料,但掺杂盐酸时综合效果较好.盐酸浓度为0.15 mol/L时制备PAN...     

磷石膏在石蜡包膜尿素中的应用

用磷石膏作尿素的造粒剂和载体制备磷石膏造粒尿素,对其进行石蜡包膜,并添加质量分数5%的失水山梨醇单油酸酯(Span80)改善石蜡在肥核表面的附着。结果显示,用磷石膏造粒尿素制备的两种石蜡包膜尿素在水中浸泡28 d的尿素累积释放率均小于35%,缓释效果达到缓释/控释肥料国家标准,在模拟土壤施用的土柱淋溶条件下,还呈现尿素匀速释放的良好特性,为磷石膏的有效利用和尿素缓释探索出一条新路。     

HCl和TSA共掺杂聚苯胺/凹土纳米导电复合材料

用快速原位聚合工艺制备了盐酸(HCl)和对甲苯磺酸(TSA)共掺杂聚苯胺(PANI)/凹土(ATP)纳米复合材料.通过正交实验确定了最佳反应条件,并用紫外-可见光谱、热重-差热分析、X射线衍射、Fourier红外光谱、透射电镜等对最佳条件下所得的纳米复合材料进行了表征.结果表明:HCl和TSA的混酸环境能快速实现苯胺的聚合及聚苯胺的掺杂,所生成的聚苯胺以晶态形式包覆在凹土的表面,并在物理作用下与凹土形成了纳米核壳结构纳米复合材料;纳米复合材料中聚苯胺的包覆率为23.49%,与纯HCl和TSA共掺杂聚苯胺相比,纳米复合材料的耐热性能得到提高.     

载铜型硼酸盐系抗菌玻璃的制备及性能研究

介绍了硼酸盐抗菌玻璃材料的制备方法,并通过红外光谱和原子吸收光谱分析了硼酸盐抗菌玻璃材料的结构和缓释性,讨论了缓释性、化学稳定性、抗菌性之间的关系.     

一种氮缓释复混肥料的制备及其氮素缓释性评价

用化学方法制备了氮素不同程度缓释的复混肥(氮缓释肥),在实验室条件下肥料的淋洗实验表明,相比对照复混肥,这种复混肥的氮素具有一定程度的缓释性,且随着复混肥制备过程中所加入的缓释剂甲醛的增加,氮素的缓释性得到增强。用双曲线方程Xt=b-a/t对氮缓释肥的氮素累计溶出率进行拟合,采用拟合方程中b值和a值计算得到的缓释指数SRI来定性和定量评价氮缓释肥的氮缓释特性。结果表明:氮缓释肥的氮素缓释指数SRI与制肥中加入的缓释剂相对含量X具有较好的正相关,其直线相关系数达0.9905(P<0.01)。这种对相关养分淋洗数据用双曲线按淋洗时间段分段拟合,并引入缓释指数SRI评价缓释肥料缓释特性的方法,为缓释肥料缓释特性的快速定性和定量评价提供了依据。     

开展中澳腐植酸富硒小麦项目前景广阔

腐植酸富硒小麦条件充分且优越,通过外源方式生产而来的人工有机硒食品受到持续关注,产业化进程日新月异。其运用生物技术原理,按照小麦吸收肥料营养的规律,施用加硒元素肥剂,使无机硒元素通过小麦发育、生长期间的吸收,转化成生物有机营养态硒,     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Novel polyurethane coating technology through glycidyl carbamate chemistry

Glycidyl carbamate chemistry combines the excellent properties of polyurethanes with the crosslinking chemistry of epoxy resins. Glycidyl carbamate functional oligomers were synthesized by the reaction of polyfunctional isocyanate oligomers and glycidol. The oligomers were formulated into coatings with several amine functional crosslinkers at varying stoichiometric ratios and cured at different temperatures. Properties such as solvent resistance, hardness, and impact resistance were dependent on the composition and cure conditions. Most coatings had an excellent combination of properties. Studies were carried out to determine the kinetics of the curing reaction of the glycidyl carbamate functional oligomers with multifunctional and model amines. Detailed kinetic analysis of the curing reactions was also undertaken. The results indicated that the glycidyl carbamate functional group is more reactive than a glycidyl ether group. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, on October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.