Biot齐次固结方程的通解

从考虑土颗粒和流体体积压缩的Biot固结方程出发,求得一般Biot固结方程的势函数通解和齐次Biot固结方程的势函数通解。当达西渗透系数趋向无穷大时,齐次Biot固结方程的通解退化为经典弹性静力学的帕普科维奇通解。当颗粒和流体的体积模量趋向无穷大时,Biot固结方程退化为不考虑土颗粒和流体体积压缩的简化Biot固结方程,从而得到一般简化Biot固结方程的势函数通解和齐次简化Biot固结方程的势函数通解。获得Biot固结方程和简化Biot固结方程的位移、应变和应力的势函数通解表达式。     

夹心式复合变幅杆换能器频率方程的推导

应用复合变幅杆及夹心式换能器结构,研制了一种新型夹心式发射换能器。根据等效电路理论推导了这种夹心式复合变幅杆换能器的等效电路模型,得出了换能器频率方程。考虑黄铜电极片对压电振子的密度及等效纵波声速的影响,应用等效参数理论修正了频率方程。通过实验验证,误差由修正前的2.09%降低到修正后的0.64%。     

论对称与非对称的Biot固结有限元方程组的一致性

论述了对称与非对称的Biot固结有限元方程组间的一致性,发现Biot固结有限元方程组系数矩阵是否对称是与平衡方程中与孔隙水压力有关的项是否进行分部积分有关。如果不对其进行分部积分,则得到非对称的系数矩阵;如果对其进行了分部积分,则得到对称的系数矩阵,此时两种情况下与之对应的结点力的意义也不相同。如果把结点力的意义处理成一种情况,则会发现这两种情况下的Biot固结有限元方程组是一致的。     

桩顶柔性约束下非均质饱和土中管桩扭转振动研究

基于Biot波动方程及Novak薄层法理论,采用非线性弹簧模型近似代替上部结构对管桩的柔性约束,并考虑土体剪切模量沿深度的非均质变化,在求得桩周土和桩芯土扭转动力阻抗的基础上,将管桩扭转振动方程离散成差分格式,最终获得了桩顶柔性约束下非均质饱和土中端承管桩扭转振动的频域响应。研究表明:随着柔性约束参数n、M_u的增大,桩顶实刚度在两个参数高、低区段内数值不变,中间随n、M_u逐渐增大,而T_0的影响则与之相反;动阻尼随n、M_u、T_0的变化呈现出近似的正态曲线分布模式;增大土层非均质系数a,将使桩顶实刚度逐渐增大,动阻尼迅速减小,且最终保持不变。     

四边简支双曲率蜂窝夹层薄壳自由振动分析

基于Reddy三阶剪切理论,研究了四边简支双曲率蜂窝夹层薄壳的自由振动,以及结构参数对蜂窝夹层薄壳固有频率的影响.将由六边形胞元组成的蜂窝芯层等效为一正交异性层,其等效弹性参数由修正后的Gibson公式得到,应用Reddy三阶剪切理论和Hamilton变分原理推导出四边简支条件下双曲率蜂窝夹层薄壳的频率方程.具体算例表明,采用Reddy三阶剪切理论计算的固有频率精度较高;双曲率蜂窝夹层薄壳的曲率、厚度比及胞元角度对蜂窝夹层壳固有频率有不同程度的影响,其中蜂窝夹层薄壳的固有频率随曲率的增大而增大,随厚度比的增大呈波动变化,随胞元角度的增大而减小.     

黏弹性材料Biot模型参数确定及其在黏弹阻尼结构中的应用

黏弹性材料广泛用于工程结构减振降噪,其本构模型的研究对黏弹阻尼结构的动力学分析具有重要的意义。Biot模型能够真实反映黏弹性材料参数随着频率变化的动力学特性;提出了一种确定其参数并将其结合到黏弹阻尼结构有限元动力学方程的方法;通过对频域内试验测得的黏弹性材料储能模量和损耗因子数据进行多参数非线性曲线拟合,并将其转化为在复频域内带约束条件的非线性优化问题,可以使非线性多参数确定问题大大简化;借助辅助耗散坐标将黏弹性材料Biot模型引入到黏弹阻尼结构有限元动力学方程中并转化成常规的二阶线性微分方程,实现了求解的简化。通过试验研究对该方法进行了验证,结果表明提出的Biot模型参数确定和有限元相结合的方法是正确、简单和有效的。     

用Timoshenko梁修正理论研究功能梯度材料梁的动力响应

采用Timoshenko梁修正理论研究了功能梯度材料梁的动力响应问题,利用静力方程确定了功能梯度材料梁的中性轴位置,在此基础上应用Timoshenko梁修正理论建立了功能梯度材料梁的振动方程,求得其自振频率表达式及其在简谐荷载作用下强迫振动的解析解。讨论分析了中性面位置、梯度指数等因素对功能梯度材料梁的动力响应的影响,并用有限元法验证了Timoshenko梁修正理论。通过实例计算,得到了中性轴位置对功能梯度材料梁动力响应有较大影响的结论。     

下卧基岩饱和地基在移动荷载作用下的动力响应

基于Biot多孔弹性介质波动理论,在平面应变条件下研究了下卧基岩饱和地基在移动线荷载作用下的动力响应。通过引入势函数并利用Helmholtz原理,再经过Fourier变换和逆变换,获得了移动线荷载作用下饱和地基的位移、应力、孔隙水压力解答。最后通过快速逆傅里叶变化（IFFT）得到数值计算结果,详细分析了土颗粒的压缩性、孔隙水的压缩性、饱和土的剪切模量、孔隙率、渗透性、移动荷载速度和饱和土层厚度等参数对动力响应的影响     

SBP-SAT方法及其在波动领域的应用

基于分部求和(Summation By Parts)方法和同时逼近项(Simultaneous Approximation Terms)技术建立的有限差分方法,具有更高的精度和稳定性。同时在介质几何不连续、参数突变条件具有较大的优势。国内对SBP-SAT方法的相关研究目前较少,论文对该方法的研究背景,方法发展过程进行了介绍并基于SBP-SAT方法和弹性波动理论,结合初边值条件,推导出曲线网格条件下的弹性波动SBP-SAT离散方程。最后,通过数值模拟实现地震波传播过程,介绍该方法在地震数值模拟领域中的应用价值和前景。     

等截面梁纯弯曲振动时产生混沌的参数条件研究

建立了等截面梁纯弯曲振动时的非线性动力学方程;根据非线性动力学理论,对等截面梁系统的奇点分布和稳定性进行了研究;利用混沌动力学理论,得到了等截面梁纯弯曲振动时产生混沌的参数条件;依据该条件,对匀质等截面简支梁纯弯曲振动时产生混沌的参数条件进行了研究和分析,得出了产生混沌的参数分界线.     

A discontinuous Galerkin method with plane waves for sound‐absorbing materials

Poro‐elastic materials are commonly used for passive control of noise and vibration and are key to reducing noise emissions in many engineering applications, including the aerospace, automotive and energy industries. More efficient computational models are required to further optimise the use of such materials. In this paper, we present a discontinuous Galerkin method (DGM) with plane waves for poro‐elastic materials using the Biot theory solved in the frequency domain. This approach offers significant gains in computational efficiency and is simple to implement (costly numerical quadratures of highly oscillatory integrals are not needed). It is shown that the Biot equations can be easily cast as a set of conservation equations suitable for the formulation of the wave‐based DGM. A key contribution is a general formulation of boundary conditions as well as coupling conditions between different propagation media. This is particularly important when modelling porous materials as they are generally coupled with other media, such as the surround fluid or an elastic structure. The validation of the method is described first for a simple wave propagating through a porous material, and then for the scattering of an acoustic wave by a porous cylinder. The accuracy, conditioning and computational cost of the method are assessed, and comparison with the standard finite element method is included. It is found that the benefits of the wave‐based DGM are fully realised for the Biot equations and that the numerical model is able to accurately capture both the oscillations and the rapid attenuation of the waves in the porous material. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Application of the Biot model to ultrasound in bone: inverse problem

This paper concerns the ultrasonic characterization of human cancellous bone samples by solving the inverse problem using experimentally measured signals. The inverse problem is solved numerically by the least squares method. Five parameters are inverted: porosity, tortuosity, viscous characteristic length, Young modulus, and Poisson ratio of the skeletal frame. The minimization of the discrepancy between experiment and theory is made in the time domain. The ultrasonic propagation in cancellous bone is modelled using the Biot theory modified by the Johnson-Koplik-Dashen model for viscous exchange between fluid and structure. The sensitivity of the Young modulus and the Poisson ratio of the skeletal frame is studied showing their effect on the fast and slow waveforms. The inverse problem is shown to be well posed, and its solution to be unique. Experimental results for slow and fast waves transmitted through human cancellous bone samples are given and compared with theoretical predictions.     

定常温度热弹性梁的精化理论

首先给出了定常温度热弹性Biot通解的一种新的简化形式,它看起来与各向同性弹性力学的Papkovich-Neuber通解十分相似。不作预先假设,从热弹性理论出发,利用Biot通解和Lur’e算子方法构造了梁的精化理论,得出了自由表面热弹性梁的三个精确方程:四阶方程、超越方程和温度方程。由一般的各向同性弹性梁推广到热弹性梁,导出了在反对称载荷和介质温度作用下热弹性梁的近似控制微分方程。     

Wave propagation in a simplified modelled poroelastic continuum: fundamental solutions and a time domain boundary element formulation

In finite element formulations for poroelastic continua a representation of Biot's theory using the unknowns solid displacement and pore pressure is preferred. Such a formulation is possible either for quasi‐static problems or for dynamic problems if the inertia effects of the fluid are neglected. Contrary to these formulations a boundary element method (BEM) for the general case of Biot's theory in time domain has been published (Wave Propagation in Viscoelastic and Poroelastic Continua: A Boundary Element Approach. Lecture Notes in Applied Mechanics. Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 2001.). If the advantages of both methods are required it is common practice to couple both methods. However, for such a coupled FE/BE procedure a BEM for the simplified dynamic Biot theory as used in FEM must be developed. Therefore, here, the fundamental solutions as well as a BE time stepping procedure is presented for the simplified dynamic theory where the inertia effects of the fluid are neglected. Further, a semi‐analytical one‐dimensional solution is presented to check the proposed BE formulation. Finally, wave propagation problems are studied using either the complete Biot theory as well as the simplified theory. These examples show that no significant differences occur for the selected material. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

波浪作用下粘弹性海床动力响应的数值分析

基于广义Biot理论,采用Kelvin-Voigt模型描述海床土骨架的应力应变时间的本构关系,从Galerkin加权余量法出发建立以土骨架位移u和孔隙流体全位移U表达的u~U形式的有限元边值方程,采用Newmark逐步积分法求解时域内动力方程。数值计算表明土骨架和孔隙流体的加速度对粘弹性海床动力响应的影响极小。当土的粘滞系数的数值小于其弹性剪切模量的大小时,体粘滞系数和偏粘滞系数的变化对超静孔压幅值的影响较小,但对有效应力幅值的影响相对显著。对于粘滞系数较大的海床,波浪荷载可能导致其变形在很短的时间内单调迅速增长至破坏。     

四边固支功能梯度板中波的传播

摘要：考虑剪切变形和转动惯性的影响,采用一阶剪切变形板理论和小应变的应变－位移关系,利用Hamilton原理推得运动控制方程,并应用特征值方程得到频散方程。给出了波在功能梯度板中传播的频散,相速度和群速度随波数变化的曲线,分析了不同的功能梯度材料指数对波传播的影响规律。     

State space solution of non-axisymmetric Biot consolidation problem for multilayered porous media

In this paper, the non-axisymmetric Biot consolidation problem for multilayered porous media is studied. Taking stresses, pore pressure and displacements at layer interfaces as basic unknown functions, two sets of partial differential equations, which are independent each other, are formulated. Using Fourier expansion, Laplace transforms and Hankel transforms with respect to the circumferential, time and radial coordinates, respectively, the partial differential equations presented are reduced to the ordinary differential equations. Transfer matrices describing the transfer relation between the state vectors for a finite layer are derived explicitly in the transform space. Using the transfer matrices presented, three cases are studied for the lower surface: (1) permeable rough rigid base, (2) impermeable rough rigid base, and (3) poroelastic half space. The explicit solution in the transform space is presented. Considering the continuity condition at layer interfaces, the solutions of the non-axisymmetric Biot consolidation problems for multilayered semi-infinite porous media are presented in the integral form. The time histories of displacements, stresses and pore pressure are obtained by solving a linear equation system for discrete values of Laplace-Hankel transform inversions.     

Scholte波波速和孔隙度关系的建立及实验验证

随着声学技术的快速发展,界面波在无损检测及环境参数反演领域的应用越来越广泛,但是目前理论与实践之间还存在一些差距,首先对基于Biot理论的流体饱和多孔介质声传播特性的理论进行了仿真分析,然后运用势函数结合多孔介质固体-流体边界条件建立了两半无限空间流-固界面Scholte波理论模型,最后对这一理论模型进行了实验验证。仿真结果表明:声波频率对各种波速几乎没有影响,但各种波速随孔隙度的变化较大;通过实验验证:Scholte波波速理论值与实际测量值之间的相对误差不超过0.24%。