Eco-Friendly Colorimetric Nanofiber Design: Halochromic Sensors with Tunable pH-Sensing Regime Based on 2-Ethyl-2-Oxazoline and 2-n-Butyl-2-Oxazoline Statistical Copolymers Functionalized with Alizarin Yellow R

Colorimetric nanofibers provide visual, easy-to-interpret sensors for personal use as well as advanced applications. The potential of 2-n-butyl-2-oxazoline (B) and 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline (E) statistical copolymers as a universal, versatile support platform for nanofibrous halochromic sensor design is demonstrated. These polymers are electrospinnable from eco-friendly solvent systems, while wettability, moist adsorption capacity, and water-solubility of the membranes can be easily tuned by changing the B/E monomer ratio, ensuring wide applicability. The halochromic sensing functionality is introduced by incorporating the alizarin yellow R (AYR) chromophore, which is covalently modified with an ethyl ester-group or a short poly(2-n-butyl-2-oxazoline) chain, which is demonstrated to simultaneously prevent dye-leaching and allows tuning of the halochromic pH-sensing window. The colorimetric nanofibrous sensors reversibly respond toward aqueous solutions of different pH, (hydrochloric) acid and alkaline (ammonia) vapors, and several biogenic amines with detection limits as low as 5 ppb. Tunability of sensor responsivity, sensitivity, and pKa via manipulation of dye–polymer interactions, determined by support polymer structure and semi-crystallinity, as well as the chain length of the AYR-modified polymer, are discussed. Preliminary proof-of-principle studies indicate the potential of the developed sensors for sub-ppm biogenic amine vapor detection, which may serve as the basis for future applications in food packaging or breath analysis.     

LONGITUDINAL DISCH．CO2 LASER WITH PULSED PRE—IONIZATION

A novel pre-iolization scheme of helical transverse-prlsed pre-ionization in a lon-gitudinal discharge CO2 laser is presented.The laser tube is made of glass with inner diameter of 7.5mm and discharge length of 50cm .The laser performance characteristics as functions of parameters,such as pressure,charging capacitance and applied voltage,are investigated.Com-pared with the same laser structure without pre-ionization ,the maximum pulse energy improves by 23%,the optimum electro-optical efficiency increases by 30%,and the specific output energy reaches 26 J/(L-atm).     

Fast IIR isotropic 2-D complex Gabor filters with boundary initialization.

Gabor filters are widely applied in image analysis and computer vision applications. This paper describes a fast algorithm for isotropic complex Gabor filtering that outperforms existing implementations. The main computational improvement arises from the decomposition of Gabor filtering into more efficient Gaussian filtering and sinusoidal modulations. Appropriate filter initial conditions are derived to avoid boundary transients, without requiring explicit image border extension. Our proposal reduces up to 39% the number of required operations with respect to state-of-the-art approaches. A full C++ implementation of the method is publicly available.     

Efficient 2-D grayscale morphological transformations with arbitrary flat structuring elements.

An efficient algorithm is presented for the computation of grayscale morphological operations with arbitrary 2-D flat structuring elements (S.E.). The required computing time is independent of the image content and of the number of gray levels used. It always outperforms the only existing comparable method, which was proposed in the work by Van Droogenbroeck and Talbot, by a factor between 3.5 and 35.1, depending on the image type and shape of S.E. So far, filtering using multiple S.E.s is always done by performing the operator for each size and shape of the S.E. separately. With our method, filtering with multiple S.E.s can be performed by a single operator for a slightly reduced computational cost per size or shape, which makes this method more suitable for use in granulometries, dilation-erosion scale spaces, and template matching using the hit-or-miss transform. The discussion focuses on erosions and dilations, from which other transformations can be derived.     

InP?SiO2 m.i.s. structure with reduced interface state density near conduction band

HCl addition to the SiO2 c.v.d. process was found to be an efficient method for producing n?InP m.i.s. structures with low density of interface states near conduction band. Remaining deep interface donor states approximately 0.5 eV below conduction band restrict the steady-state bias range in h.f. applications.     

接口大战

很长时间以来．火线都是DV玩家钟情的视频数据传递员，但是随着USB2．0接口的出现，岗位的竞争就开始了。一个新兵，一个旧将，USB2．0和火线到底谁更出色呢?     

Boosting Sensitivity and Reliability in Field-Effect Transistor-Based Biosensors with Nanoporous MoS2 Encapsulated by Non-Planar Al2O3 (Adv. Funct. Mater. 42/2023)

Field-effect transistors-based biosensors (bio-FETs) have been considered an important technology for label-free and ultrasensitive point-of-care diagnostics. However, practical applications using bio-FETs are limited due to the trade-off between sensing reliability and sensitivity. This study suggests a reliable and sensitive bio-FETs based on nanoporous molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) channels encapsulated by a non-planar high-k aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) dielectric layer. Nanoporous MoS₂ thin film is fabricated with an abundant edge area and periodically ordered nanopores via block copolymer lithography. The ultra-thin Al₂O₃ dielectric layer deposited along the nanoporous structure of the MoS₂ realizes effective electrostatic control of charged biomolecules over the MoS₂ channel. In addition, it plays important roles in not only enhancing the electrical performance of the nanoporous MoS₂ bio-FETs, that is, mobility, hysteresis, and subthreshold swing, but also achieving effective biomolecular immobilization on the device surface. The nanoporous MoS₂ channel structure surrounded by non-planar Al₂O₃ detects a prostate cancer biomarker with an ultra-low limit of detection of 1 fg mL⁻¹. Moreover, the excellent selectivity, high sensitivity, and clinical reliability of the nanoporous MoS₂ bio-FETs are also confirmed. The proposed device platform provides new insights and technical advances in the field of FETs based sensors for future point-of-care devices.     

High-peak-power 2nd-harmonic l.s.a. sources

Results are presented which indicate that the upper frequency range of l.s.a. oscillators can be extended by extracting power at the 2nd-harmonic frequency. By selectively loading the 2nd-harmonic frequency of an X-band l.s.a. oscillator, up to 170 W peak power with 4.8% efficiency at 17.5 GHz has been obtained.     

SMIL 2.0. 2. Examples and comparisons

For pt. 1 see ibid., vol. 8 , no. 4, p. 82-88 (2001). The article is the second part of a two-part series on SMIL 2.0, the newest version of the World Wide Web Consortium's Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language. Part 1 looked in detail at various aspects of the SMIL specification and the underlying SMIL timing model. This part looks at simple and complex examples of SMIL 2.0's use and compares SMIL with other multimedia formats. We focus on SMIL's textual structure in its various implementation profiles     

SIM2 MICO.150

SIM2发布全新基于LED光源的3D投影机MICO.150,该款3D DLP投影机采用了单片式芯片,分辨率为1920×1080。相比上一代LED投影机,M.150采用了更高效率的超大功率三原色LED系统作光源,亮度提升到1100流明、对比度达到100000：1,配合动态光圈技术等专利技术,可进一步提升亮度表现,同时提供更广的色彩色域显示能力。MICO.150由于采用了红/绿/蓝的三原色LED系统作光源,所以无需传统DLP投影机的色轮分色,因此它不仅具备了更加精准的色彩还原效果,而且也使提供更广的色域成为可能,最终效果是该机的色彩种类超过NTSC多达25%,超越Rec.709达70%。     

Radar and antennas. 2

For pt.1 see ibid., vol.1, no.6, p.271-80 (1989). The author discusses the antenna characteristics affecting radar system design and concludes with a brief review of the current state of the art and an indication of future trends     

Essential ASP.NET2

A review of Essential ASP.NET with Examples in C# and Essential ASP.NET with Examples in Visual Basic .NET by Fritz Onion.     

“Biped”: a dance with virtual and company dancers. 2

For pt. I, see ibid., vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 4-7, 1999. Merce Cunningham's “Biped” has been critically acclaimed for its unique mix of physical and virtual choreography. “Biped” employs motion capture to record the physical dance moves of two company dancers and to transfer the movements to the virtual skeleton within the computer via the Character Studio plug-in. Riverbed artists Shelley Eshkar and Paul Kaiser created and texture-mapped fluid hand-drawings onto the skeleton (the skeleton disappears and only the drawings are visible). In live performance, these abstract apparitions are projected on a scrim (a transparent material separating the dancers from the audience). In the intervening months, the talents that converged to spawn “Biped” have moved on from the collaboration to resume their original creative paths. The Merce Cunningham Dance Studio has been on a European tour with “Biped”, and Riverbed's Kaiser has debuted a solo work in the San Francisco Bay Area. Discreet and Unreal Pictures continue to refine and adapt the capabilities of the Character Studio software to the latest release of 3D Studio Max. This article explains how they came together in the first place, and how they might again     

1．3～2．2 GHz低噪声低功耗 CMOS LC VCO的设计

基于TSMC 0．18μm RFCMOS工艺,设计并实现了一个宽带低功耗低相位噪声的高性能压控振荡器（VCO）．为实现1．3～2．2 GHz调谐范围,VCO采用7‐bit（128根调谐曲线）固定电容阵列,同时也获得了超低的增益,降低了相位噪声．为弱化宽调谐范围带来的增益波动,VCO采用3‐bit可变电容阵列来提升低带曲线的斜率,以期与高带一致．为实现每根曲线的宽线性范围,可变电容采用分布式偏置电压技术．为降低相位噪声,还提出了一种输出零偏置架构以及电流源噪声滤除技术．测试结果表明,调谐电压的线性范围为0．2～1．6 V ;VCO输出频率范围为1．3～2．17 GHz ;高带调谐曲线叠合超过50％,低带超过80％;VCO增益仅为19 M Hz／V ;增益波动范围为13～25 M Hz／V ．当振荡频率为1312 M Hz ,1 M Hz 频偏处相位噪声为－116．53 dBc／Hz ;当振荡频率为2152 M Hz ,1 M Hz频偏处相噪为－112．78 dBc／Hz ．VCO功耗电流为1．2～3．2 mA ,电源电压为1．8 V ．提出的VCO既能提供51％的频率覆盖,又能实现低相位噪声,已经被成功应用于工业自动化无线传感网（WIA ）射频收发机芯片中．