谐振腔光纤陀螺信号检测方法的研究

谐振腔光纤陀螺(R—FOG)是利用光学Sagnac效应实现对转动检测的一种高精度的惯性传感器件。在谐振腔光纤陀螺系统中，信号检测系统占有非常重要的地位，其检测精度的大小直接影响陀螺的分辨率。光纤环形谐振腔是谐振腔光纤陀螺的核心敏感部件。采用两种频率的锯齿波组合调制，考虑激光器有限光谱线宽条件下，采用洛仑兹线型描写光纤环形谐振腔的输出光强表达式。针对输出光强与谐振频率偏差在靠近谐振点附近的近似线性关系，利用多次反馈频率操作来依次跟踪谐振腔光纤陀螺顺时针和逆时针光束的谐振点，从而避免了谐振频率偏差复杂的求根算法。仿真结果表明，多次反馈频率操作，可以较快地锁定到谐振点。     

谐振式光纤陀螺角度随机游走的分析与优化

谐振式光纤陀螺(RFOG)是基于Sagnac效应产生的顺时针光路与逆时针光路的谐振频率差来测量旋转角速率的光学传感器。由于Sagnac效应极为微弱,RFOG常采用信号调制解调技术提高检测精度。首先介绍了基于正弦相位调制解调的RFOG的基本原理及衡量其性能的主要指标,详细推导了基于正弦相位调制解调的RFOG系统受散粒噪声制约的理论角度随机游走(ARW)的表达式,分析了调制参数包括调制频率和调制系数对理论ARW的影响。研究表明,在给定的激光功率及光纤环形谐振腔条件下,存在一组最佳的调制参数和解调相位,用于实现ARW的最小化。以直径为12 cm、总长为29 m、测试清晰度为14.7的光纤环形谐振腔搭建了实际RFOG系统,当调制频率分别为1 MHz、600 kHz、240 kHz时,测试得到的陀螺ARW分别为0.0124,0.0072,0.0052 (°)·h~(-1/2)。     

调相谱检测技术下光纤环腔的谐振特性

调相谱检测技术是谐振式光学陀螺信号检测的重要手段。根据贝塞尔函数展开与光场叠加原理,理论分析了光纤环形谐振腔的传输特性;搭建了谐振特性测试系统,采用LiNbO3相位调制,针对不同调制频率与调制电压条件下光纤环的谐振特性和解调曲线特性开展了实验,对实验结果进行分析,得到了调制频率、调制电压与光纤环形谐振腔谐振信号及解调信号之间的关系,实验结果与理论分析相符;并对调制过程中出现的谷裂现象进行了测试与分析,通过实验数据拟合,得到了产生谷裂现象的临界调制频率与调制电压值之间的关系。     

长腔被动锁模掺镱光纤激光器的方波脉冲产生

报道了一种基于非线性光纤环形镜(NOLM)、工作在耗散孤子共振(DSR)区的长腔被动锁模掺镱光纤激光器,该激光器谐振腔的总长度约为1502 m,可以输出重复频率为133.18 kHz的高能量方波脉冲,且输出脉冲的宽度和单脉冲能量均随泵浦功率的增大而呈线性增大。当泵浦功率增大到414.47 mW时,输出的方波脉冲具有最大宽度(761.6 ns),同时单脉冲能量达到了最大值(60.2 nJ)。通过改变NOLM中单模光纤的长度,进一步研究了谐振腔长度对输出方波脉冲特性的影响,结果表明:谐振腔越长,所得DSR方波脉冲越宽,脉冲峰值功率越低。     

掺铒光纤谐振腔陀螺的谐振腔设计

光纤谐振腔作为谐振式光学陀螺的核心传感器件,其性能直接决定了谐振式光学陀螺的灵敏度。目前使用的光纤谐振腔存在着品质因数偏低的问题,极大地限制了谐振式光学陀螺极限灵敏度的提升。将掺铒光纤引入到光纤谐振腔中并外加高稳定性的泵浦激光器形成掺铒光纤谐振腔,从而有效提升了谐振腔的品质因数。通过对激光功率、掺铒光纤长度等参数的实验探索,确定了最佳的掺铒光纤谐振腔的设计参数,实现了应用于谐振式光学陀螺品质因数为1.44×109的掺铒光纤谐振腔。搭建了基于掺铒光纤腔的谐振式光学陀螺测试系统,经实验测试该系统的零偏稳定性为0.077 5°/s,验证了掺铒光纤腔在陀螺系统中的应用,为新型角速度测量技术提供了新的研究思路和发展方向。     

环形腔光纤陀螺中减小偏振噪声的方法研究

介绍了偏振态的概念，分析了光纤环形谐振腔的谐振特性，对环形谐振腔光纤陀螺中减小偏振噪声的几种方法进行了研究，这对抑制偏振噪声，进一步改善环形腔光纤陀螺的性能，提高陀螺的检测精度有一定的指导作用。     

保偏光纤环形谐振腔研究

报道了一种用于角速度测量的光纤谐振式传感器保偏光纤环形谐振腔的研究,给出了测量的原理、实验装置和实验结果.根据计算和实验结果,对影响系统性能的几个重要光学参数进行了设计和优化.该谐振腔已在传感器系统中得到应用.     

基于光学游标效应增敏的光纤湿度传感器

由于传统的湿度传感器测量湿度的准确性和稳定性易受环境影响,提出一种基于光学游标效应增敏的光纤湿度传感器,通过在单模光纤的尾端依次熔接一小段空芯毛细管和单模光纤,获得2个级联的光学法布里-珀罗(F-P)干涉仪,调整腔长使二者干涉谱的自由光谱范围接近,从而通过光学游标效应获取更高的湿度灵敏度,对湿度的响应由涂覆在光纤传感头...     

受激布里渊光纤环形激光器及其阈值分析

布里渊光纤激光器得到了广泛应用,为了确定谐振腔的光纤长度,首先综述布里渊光纤环形激光器的研究进展,指出受激布里渊光纤环形激光器的优点及主要应用,并提出一种受激布里渊光纤环形激光器的方案.从非线性的受激布里渊散射理论出发,根据受激布里渊散射的阈值模型,推导并得出受激布里渊散射的阈值公式,研究受激布里渊光纤激光器中受激布里渊散射效应的阈值与谐振腔中光纤长度的关系,并进行仿真.仿真结果与实验结果相符,对受激布里渊光纤激光器谐振腔的设计具有参考价值.     

激光器线宽对光纤环形谐振腔谐振特性的影响

采用光波场叠加的方法计算了谐振腔光纤陀螺的核心敏感部件———光纤环形谐振腔 (FRR)的传递系数 ,详细分析了激光器光谱线宽对光纤环形谐振腔谐振特性的影响 ,并进一步分析了在一定激光器光谱线宽条件下 ,由光探测器散弹噪声所限制的谐振腔光纤陀螺极限灵敏度和光纤环形谐振腔光路参数之间的关系 ,从而为谐振腔光纤陀螺的优化设计提供了理论基础     

有源光纤环形腔的频率滤波特性

本文首先从理论上通过简单的分析得以了有源光纤环形腔的输出谱密度函数公式，该式清楚地表明光纤环形腔的频率滤波特性。从该公式出发，详细分析了环形腔输入光纤宽和环形腔参数对输出光谱谱型和线宽的影响。最后，通过设计不同的环形腔的自由谱宽和不同线宽的激光器作为输出光源，对上述理论分析做了实验验证。理论和实验表明，由于环形腔的强度传递函数是多峰的响应函数，环形腔自由谱宽和输入激光线宽的大小直接影响到环形腔输出光频谱形状，即是单峰输出还是多峰输出，对于不同形状的光谱输出，输出激光的线宽受环形腔的参数影响也各不相同。     

All-fiber compound ring resonator with a ring filter

The new all-fiber compound ring resonator has two rings: a primary one that serves as a resonator, and a secondary one that serves as a filter. The main contribution of this resonator is to increase the free spectral range by choosing the fiber lengths in the compound ring cavity. This resonator with a large free spectral range can be readily used as a doped fiber laser. The optimum resonant conditions of the resonator are discussed by using an equivalent model and by the transfer matrix method. The frequency responses of the output and of the circulating intensities are given. Mode suppression by the vernier effect is demonstrated. Comparison with a fiber Fox-Smith resonator is also presented     

Integrated-optic double-ring resonators with a wide free spectralrange of 100 GHz

Integrated-optic double-ring resonators with a wide free spectral range (FSR) of 100 GHz are fabricated using GeO₂-doped silica waveguides with a high relative refractive index difference (Δ) of 1.5%. The resonators are composed of two ring resonators comprising small ring waveguides with radii of 1.75 and 2.0 mm. The double-ring resonator module exhibited a wide FSR of 98.0 GHz, a finesse of higher than 138, a low crosstalk of less than -11.7 dB, and a low insertion loss of 6.1 dB. The measured FSR of 98.0 GHz is wider than any previously reported ring resonator composed of optical waveguides     

Analysis of four-port optical fiber ring and loop resonators usinga 3×3 fiber coupler and degenerate two-wave mixing

A theoretical analysis of four-port optical fiber ring and loop resonators using a 3×3 fiber directional coupler and degenerate two-wave mixing is presented. Expressions for the circulating (resonant) and output fields and intensities, as well as resonance conditions for two slightly different configurations of the loop resonator and for the ring resonator are obtained. It is found that the use of the degenerate two-wave mixing greatly improves the characteristics of these resonators. For example, the crosstalk of the ring or loop resonators when used as a wavelength division demultiplexer can be significantly deduced     

Dual- and Triple-Mode Branch-Line Ring Resonators and Harmonic Suppressed Half-Ring Resonators

Ring resonators have been widely used for various applications. Dual-mode ring resonators have also been investigated due to their applicability to multifrequency mode requirement. In this paper, dual-mode ring resonators using a branch line are designed along with a systematic approach. Triple-mode branch-line ring resonators are also designed adding two branch lines to the ring resonator. Adding more branch lines, multimode resonators can be realized based on the design procedure developed here. The location of the branch lines determines the additional resonant frequencies other than the fundamental resonant frequency generated by the enclosing ring. Furthermore, half-ring resonators working at 2.5 GHz are proposed for suppressing multiple harmonics (second and third harmonics) and providing size reduction with employment of various physical configurations. Equalizing the even- and odd-mode phase delays, harmonics are suppressed effectively in the design of half-ring resonators. Double half-ring resonators with a long opening gap are investigated to continuously decrease the resonant frequency. An open-loop structure provides flexible design and lowers the resonant frequency. Two dual-mode ring resonators and one triple-mode ring resonator are simulated and fabricated along with three different half-ring resonators     

基于游标效应的高灵敏光纤温度和应变传感器

提出一种基于光纤Sagnac干涉仪(FSI)和偏振模干涉仪(PMI)级联结构的高灵敏光纤温度和应变传感器。FSI作为参考干涉仪,是将对温度、应变、弯曲及扭转不敏感的椭圆芯保偏光纤(ECPMF)引入到Sagnac环内制得的。PMI作为传感干涉仪,是对光纤起偏器与末端端面镀金的熊猫型保偏光纤(PMF)的快轴/慢轴以45°角进行熔接制得的。参考干涉仪的自由光谱区(FSR)易被调整为接近传感干涉仪的FSR,从而产生光学游标效应,实现灵敏度放大。实验结果表明:所设计的级联传感器的温度灵敏度达15.56 nm/℃,是单个PMI的11.12倍;应变灵敏度达154.04 pm/με,是单个PMI的11.81倍。所设计的传感器具有灵敏度高、制作简单、稳定性好等优点,在航空航天、工业生产等领域中具有广阔的应用前景。     

Fiber-coupled short Fabry-Perot resonators

An air-gap Fabry-Perot resonator with plane mirrors between closely spaced fiber ends may yield low throughput because of the poor match between the modes of typical single-mode fibers and the resonant mode in the air-gap cavity. The throughput can be improved by confining the resonant mode by a hollow dielectric tube placed inside the resonator. Short fiber-coupled Fabry-Perot resonators with and without an inserted hollow dielectric waveguide and expressions for their transmission losses are derived. It is shown that the throughput of both types of resonator can be improved significantly by using fiber with large mode size to couple to the resonator. The special fiber is then spliced to a conventional single-mode fiber. It is concluded that the resonator with an inserted hollow dielectric waveguide offers increased throughput for resonators with high finesse     

基于阳极键合的环形静电谐振器的制作与测试

设计了一种基于阳极键合的环形谐振器的制作方法,用以简化环形静电陀螺谐振器的制作工艺。采用(100)及(111)顶层硅的SOI,分别通过阳极键合工艺制作了硅基环形陀螺谐振器。分析了不同晶向下频率裂解的产生及对陀螺谐振的影响,同时通过仿真分析了晶向对双波腹与三波腹振型的影响程度。利用网络分析仪在真空腔内对器件进行扫频测试实验,得到了两种器件的幅频响应特性,讨论了双波腹与三波腹工作模态与晶向的关系。双波腹相对于三波腹更易受加工条件的影响,而相对的振动幅值更大。同时设计静电调谐的方法,解决了(111)晶向硅基双波腹存在的频率裂解较大的问题。     

A wide-FSR waveguide double-ring resonator for optical FDMtransmission systems

A wide free-spectral-range (FSR) waveguide double-ring resonator (DRR) is investigated for use in optical frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) transmission systems. It consists of two ring resonators with different radii and three directional couplers. The FSR is determined by the least common multiple of the FSRs of the two ring resonators. In order to determine the parameters of the DRR, transmission equations of the DRR, which have different radii, are derived by using the scattering matrix. The dependence of the transmittance characteristics of the DRR on the amplitude coupling coefficients of directional couplers and on the propagation loss of the ring waveguides is studied. The design guidelines for OFDM transmission systems are described     

A novel frequency-out optical fiber sensing technique

An all-fiber frequency-out sensing technique is presented. The key element is an optical fiber mechanical resonator. Measurement of its resonant frequencies enables a number of physical quantities to be determined. An optical-fiber resonant ring, that includes the fiber mechanical resonator, is used to detect the vibration through the induced phase modulation