Radio-on-hybrid WDM transport systems based on mutually injection-locked Fabry–Perot laser diodes

A radio-on-hybrid wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) transport system employing mutually injection-locked Fabry–Perot laser diodes (F–P LDs) is proposed and demonstrated. System performances evaluated by carrier to noise ratio (CNR), composite second order (CSO), composite triple beat (CTB), bit error rate (BER), and third-order intermodulation distortion to carrier ratio (IMD₃/C) for simultaneous transmission of CATV/LAN/ITS are improved. Our proposed systems are relatively simple and potentially low cost due to the use of mutually injection-locked F–P LDs as broadband light source (BLS).     

CSO/CTB performances improvement in a bi-directional DWDM CATV system

We proposed and demonstrated a four-wavelength bi-directional dense-wavelength-division-multiplexing (DWDM) CATV system that uses chirped fiber gratings (CFGs) as the dispersion compensation devices to reduce the fiber dispersion and cross-phase modulation (XPM)-induced crosstalk simultaneously. Our proposed system not only reduces the required number of fibers, but also offers the advantages of capacity doubling. Excellent performances of carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR) /spl ges/ 50 dB, composite second order (CSO) /spl ges/ 72 dB and composite triple beat (CTB) /spl ges/ 69 dB were obtained over a 50-km single-mode fiber (SMF) transport.     

A hybrid CATV/256-QAM/OC-48 DWDM system over an 80 km LEAF transport

A hybrid dense-wavelength-division-multiplexing (DWDM) system for CATV, 256-QAM and OC-48 trunking is proposed and demonstrated. It used two wavelengths for AM-VSB CATV, one wavelength for 256-QAM digital passband signals and four wavelengths for OC-48 (2.5 Gb/s) digital baseband signals transport. Good performances of carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR) /spl ges/ 50 dB, composite second order (CSO) /spl ges/ 67 dB and composite triple beat (CTB) /spl ges/ 65 dB were obtained for AM-VSB CATV; and low bit error rate (BER < 10/sup -9/) had been achieved for 256-QAM and OC-48 digital signals over an 80 km large effective area fiber (LEAF) transport.     

光发射机中MZ型波导调制器产生CTB的分析

AM－CATV外调制光发射机中的MZ型波导调制器，其转移特性呈正弦曲线。当多路信号同时调制时，将产生组合二次失真（CSO）和组合三次差拍（CTB）。本文对CTB进行了理论分析，并对我国450、550MHz二种CATV系统调制时的CTB进行了计算。这对非线性补偿电路的设计具有一定的指导价值。     

Performance comparison between DCF and RDF dispersion compensation in fiber optical CATV systems

An architecture of an externally modulated AM-VSB CATV 77-channel erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA)-repeated system which use the combination of a single-mode fiber (SMF) and reverse dispersion fiber (RDF) as a dispersion compensation device is proposed and demonstrated. Compared to the conventional externally modulated fiber optical CATV systems with or without a dispersion compensation fiber (DCF), excellent performance of composite second order (CSO) /spl ges/ 78 dB accompanied by satisfied carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR) /spl ges/ 50 dB and composite triple beat (CTB) /spl ges/ 65 dB was obtained in the proposed system.     

光子晶体光纤在有线电视传输系统中的应用

文章介绍了一种利用光子晶体光纤作为宽带色散补偿装置的直接幅度调制残留边带(AM-VSB)有线电视传输系统,测试结果表明,与未加补偿的外调制方式相比,本系统具有更高的载噪比(CNR),更优的复合二阶失真(CSO)和复合三阶差拍性能(CTB).将光子晶体光纤用作色散补偿,不但可以应用到CATV系统中,还可以广泛应用于其它宽带高速长距离光纤通信领域.     

Calculating the CSO/CTB spectrum of CATV amplifiers and opticalreceivers

The discrete CSO/CTB intermodulation distortion has a big influence on the CATV net quality. This article describes a new method to calculate the composite second order (CSO) and composite triple beat (CTB) intermodulation distortion spectrum for the full frequency range of a coaxial cable CATV amplifier for any input frequency plan. The calculation takes into account the output level ripple and preemphasis, using frequency dependent intermodulation coefficients. These coefficients have been established through CSO/CTB measurements on multichannel test systems for standard frequency plans at 5-8 intermodulation frequencies or on distortion arrays for the two (three) oscillator measuring test system. The defined intermodulation coefficients are unrelated to the frequency plan and the input/output level ripple. It is also possible to calculate the CSO/CTB spectrum caused by analogue channels within digital QAM channels. The results equally apply to optical CATV receivers. Simulation results have been verified using extensive data from multichannel measurement systems     

The impact of CSO/CTB distortion on BER characteristics by hybridmultichannel analog/QAM transmission systems

The FEC limit (uncorrectable errors) with CSO/CTB (composite second order/composite triple beats) distortion presence in a channel is not for modulated lasers only, but for coaxial networks with amplifiers too. The system quality reserve depends not only on CNR, but is more limited on CSO/CTB. It is important, for the definition of the system quality reserve, to calculate the CSO/CTB spectrum caused by analogue channels within analogue and digital QAM channels and also to calculate the changing of CNR from the intermodulation interaction between analog and digital channels in a CATV network     

光纤CATV系统和光调制度

光纤ＣＡＴＶ系统的一个主要设备是ＡＭ光发送、接收端机。本文从分析ＡＭ光发送、接收端机的内部机理出发，说明了一个重要的内部参数－光调制度，它与光纤ＣＡＴＶ系统的性能指标ＣＮＲ（载噪比）、ＣＴＢ（组合三次差拍）、ＣＳＯ（组合二次差拍）等的关系，再从内部参数转为频道数与ＣＮＲ、ＣＴＢ、ＣＳＯ等的关系。为实际光纤ＣＡＴＶ系统设计给出了一个理论依据。本文同时出讲述了光调制度的控制方法、具体测量方法，以及ＡＭ     

Analytical formulation of distortion and chirp in CATV DFB lasersincluding spatial hole burning

Analytical formulas for distortions permitting the calculation of composite second order (CSO) and composite triple beat (CTB) in distributed feedback (DFB) laser diodes are given, including gain compression and longitudinal spatial hole burning (LSHB). An improved chirp expression including both effects is also proposed. Gain compression is compared to LSHB over the CATV band: LSHB effects on distortion and chirp are found to be dominant in actual CATV lasers. Nonmonotonous behavior (dips) function of frequency and bias current is verified in second- and third-order distortions in agreement with recent results     

Nonlinear distortions and compensations of DFB laser diode inAM-VSB lightwave CATV applications

The nonlinear distortions of a directly modulated laser diode applied to AM-VSB lightwave CATV systems are studied from the viewpoint of rate equations. A simple method for calculating composite second-order distortion (CSO) is proposed, which is called the quasidynamic approach. The contribution to nonlinearity from fiber dispersion and laser chirping is also discussed. The dependences on the variations of parameters of rate equations are investigated to determine the dominant factor for CSO degradation. This approach explains quite well the experimental results and suggests a method for constructing a predistortion circuit with at least 10 dB improvement     

Fundamental limits for linearity of CATV lasers

We have considered nonlinear distortions in a subcarrier multiplexed optical transmission system arising from carrier heating effects in the source laser. We included two sources of carrier heating: free-carrier absorption of the coherent radiation in the cavity, and the power flux into the active layer, associated with the input current. Resulting from the very existence of modulated optical and electrical signals, these effects cannot be avoided in any laser structure. Simple analytic expressions have been derived for the intermodulation distortion in multichannel single-mode lasers. For an 80-channel 60-540 MHz system with 3% optical modulation depth per channel, the composite second-order (CSO) distortion brought about by the hot-carrier effects is near the tolerance limit for CATV systems     

入射偏振态偏离TE模对光纤AM CATV外调制发射机性能影响的研究

从理论上分析了入射到调制器的偏振态偏离ＴＥ模时对外调制光发射机组合二次失真（ＣＳＯ）和组合三次差拍（ＣＴＢ）的影响。得出在ＴＥ，ＴＭ模插入损耗相同时，传输５９个ＰＡＬ－Ｄ频道，在保证ＣＳＯ＝－７０ｄＢｃ时，偏离ＴＥ模的角度应小于６°。单频传输的实验结果和理论分析一致     

影响有线电视网络光链路指标的综合因素

在有线电视光缆干线系统中，影响C／N，CSO，CTB等主要技术指标有多种因素。以1310nm光纤传输系统为例分析了各种因素对光链路指标的影响。     

CSO/CTB performances improvement by using optical SSB filter at the receiving site

We propose and demonstrate an externally modulated national television system committee (NTSC) 77-channel erbium-doped fiber amplifier-repeated system employing an optical single sideband filter at the receiving site. In comparison with conventional externally modulated fiber-optical CATV systems, excellent performances of carrier-to-noise ratio /spl ges/50 dB, composite second order /spl ges/70 dB, and composite triple beat /spl ges/69 dB were achieved for the full channel band over a 100-km single-mode fiber transport. Our proposed system is suitable for the long-haul fiber-optical CATV system.     

Crosstalk due to optical fiber nonlinearities in WDM CATV lightwavesystems

Crosstalk in a two-wavelength 1550-nm standard fiber system at subcarrier frequencies 50-800 MHz is investigated. The dependence of the crosstalk on subcarrier frequency, wavelength spacing, and optical power is measured and analyzed. The observed crosstalk is attributed to three primary mechanisms: stimulated Raman scattering, cross-phase modulation, and the optical Kerr effect combined with polarization-dependent loss. At wavelength spacing greater than 9 nm, stimulated Raman scattering dominates. At wavelength spacing less than 5 nm, the primary contributor can be the optical Kerr effect with polarization dependent loss, except at higher modulation frequencies where cross-phase modulation also is significant. At even modest (by CATV standards) optical power, the crosstalk is as high as -40 to -45 dB     

拉曼放大器的基本原理及其在有线电视光纤网长距离传输中的应用

当前在残留边带调幅（AM-VSB）调制的外调制光纤有线电视系统中,为实现长距离传输普遍采用大功率掺铒光纤放大器（EDFA）,而大的入纤光功率在光纤的色散作用下存在严重的非线性失真,根据受激拉曼散射原理,提出分布式光纤拉曼放大器（DFRA）在长距离信号传输中的应用对改善组合二阶失真（CSO）起到明显的效果,并与EDFA对比实验验证了其结果。     

一种集成式光波分复用单PIN探测器

文章对一种主要应用于光纤有线电视(CATV)中的集成光波分复用的单PIN探测器进行了分析和实验,该器件用于数据的上传、下载以及CATV信号的接收.实验指标可以满足:响应度在1 550 nm波段＞0.9 A/W,插损＜0.8 dB,1 550 nm隔离度＞20 dB,回损＞45 dB,双通道二阶互调非线性指标(CSO)＞70 dB,工作温度为-40～85℃.     

WDM在光纤CATV系统中的应用

详细阐述WDM（波分复用器）在光纤CATV（有线电视）系统中的应用，并扼要介绍WDM的工作原理以及采用融锥技术制作WDM的过程。     

光缆CATV干线传输系统技术性能的分析

文章系统地分析和讨论了光缆ＣＡＴＶ干线网络传输系统主要技术指标．Ｃ／Ｎ、ＣＴＢ、ＣＳＯ与系统各组成部分技术性能参数间的关系，给出了有关的表达式，对熟悉、了解光缆ＣＡＴＶ传输系统和传输系统的工程设计，实用化研究等有一定的参考意义。