反向泵浦光纤拉曼放大器的实现与传输实验

文章设计并实现了C L波段4泵浦光纤拉曼放大器(FRA),讨论了泵浦驱动电路的设计及掺铒光纤放大器(EDFA)与FRA 150 km混合传输的传输性能.实验结果表明,驱动电路可以稳定可靠地工作,当拉曼放大器的增益＜5 dB时,信号的误码性能不会得到显著提高.实验结果可为EDFA与FRA混合传输系统中增益的配置提供参考.     

分布光纤拉曼放大器对光通信系统传输性能的改善

考察了后向抽运分布光纤拉曼放大器 (B DFRA)对光通信系统传输性能的改善。分别讨论了B DFRA的两种可能用途 :1)作为第一级预放器与掺铒光纤放大器 (EDFA)及光接收机一同构成接收终端。 2 )在一个有中继的长距离光通信系统中作为各级EDFA的预放器。针对这两种用途分别计算出B DFRA对系统性能的影响 ,并给出选择抽运功率的原则     

混合(FRA-EDFA)光纤放大器的设计研究

基于拉曼光纤放大器(FRA)与掺饵光纤放大器(EDFA)的原理、模型,分析了由分布式拉曼光纤放大器和掺饵光纤放大器组成的混合光纤放大器,提出了设计因素的考虑和优化.     

光纤CATV用掺铒光纤大器的简化分析

在不考虑放大自发辐射（ASE）对掺饵光纤放大器（EDFA）饱和特性影响的条件下,推出了掺饵光纤放大器（EDFA）三能级系统功率传输的解析表达式,简化了理论分析,所得结果也适用于二能级系统。根据该简化分析方法具有计算了前向泵浦时光纤CATV用掺饵光纤放大器（EDFA）的信号增益曲线。计算表明,当信号增益约在25dB以下,即在光纤CATV用掺饵光纤放大器（EDFA）的工作范围内,简化分析所得的计算结果与较精确的数值计算结果一致。     

分布式拉曼光纤放大器的分析与试验

介绍了拉曼光纤放大器的基本概念、意义、制作方案;重点给出了拉曼光纤放大器的实行试验结果,阐明了拉曼光纤放大器有别于EDFA的特点;结合实际试验,分析了拉曼光纤放大器的应用前景和存在的问题。     

宽带混合放大器设计及其性能分析

为了获得具有高增益、低噪声和增益平坦度良好等特性的宽带混合放大器,分别采用EDFA(掺铒光纤放大器)与FRA(光纤拉曼放大器)理论模型,设计了EDFA+FRA HFA(混合放大器)的结构,搭建了HFA系统,优化了HFA性能参数,研究了HFA的增益、带宽、平坦度和噪声指数等重要性能。通过FRA增益斜率与EDFA增益斜率进行互补,HFA的各项性能指标集中了EDFA和FRA的优点,弥补了各自的不足,这对高速率、大容量和宽带宽的长距离光纤通信具有重要意义。     

展望L波段光纤放大器的应用

目前一些长距离光纤干线承载信号速率达50-100Gbit/s,许多网络每年的通信量增长达30%-150%,虽然EDFA和DWDM技术能够满足现行网络的设计要求,但为获得更宽的波带或特别需求的不同波带,系统运营商正逐步趋向于L波段窗口传输的光学器件,L波段EDFA这种新一代的掺铒光纤放大器有助于开发利用已铺设光纤,降低光线性失真及系统成本。     

基于EDFA和级联RFA的混合光纤放大器的设计

基于EDFA的理论模型和受激拉曼散射效应的分析理论,利用EDFA和RFA的增益谱互补特性,对拉曼光纤放大器(RFA)采用两根光纤级联方式,研究并设计了EDFA与级联光纤的RFA相结合的混合放大器结构.仿真结果表明:在不使用增益均衡器的条件下,所设计的混合光纤放大器在输出端得到了近似相等的输出光功率,得到了增益平坦度为0.62 dB、波长带宽为70 nm(1 550～1 620 nm)的结果,在密集波分复用光通信系统中有重要的应用价值.     

级联EDFA系统中偏振相关增益特性的研究

掺铒光纤放大器的偏振相关增益是导致放大器增益不平坦的一个重要原因,进而影响长距离光纤通信系统、长距离光纤传感系统的信号质量.本文从理论模拟角度研究了级联掺铒光纤放大器的偏振相关增益对光纤中所传输通信光信号的影响.重点研究了掺铒光纤非均匀展宽情况下,偏振相关增益受传输信号功率、信道个数、级联EDFA个数、等因素的影响,并给出了定性结论.     

FRA在CVTA长距离传输中的应用

基于受激拉曼散射原理的光纤拉曼放大器,以光纤本身为增益介质,只要有合适的泵浦光源,它几乎更能放大任意波长的信号。CNR是有线数字电视信号在长距离光纤传输中一个重要指标。论文首先分析了FRA的工作原理和优点,然后对单级FRA所引入的ASE噪声对长距离传输系统CNR的影响进行了分析研究。     

复杂条件下分布光纤拉曼放大器噪声特性的解析表达式

在同时考虑抽运光和信号光之间不同偏振态、多波长抽运以及抽运光和信号光损耗系数不同的情况下 ,导出了分布光纤拉曼放大器 (DFRA)的等效噪声系数解析公式 ,并据此定量研究了抽运光和信号光之间的偏振关系对DFRA特性的影响以及DFRA与掺铒光纤放大器 (EDFA)级联时系统光信噪比 (OSNR)的改善ΔOSNR。指出 :随着DFRA开关增益的增加 ,ΔOSNR会由线性增加逐渐变为对数增加而趋于饱和。解析结果与已发表文献的数值模拟结果基本吻合     

WDM+EDFA+DCF光纤传输系统中色散补偿方案的分析

由于在ＷＤＭ＋ＥＤＦＡ光纤传输系统中使用常规单模光纤（ＳＭＦ）在１５５０ｎｍ窗口的大色散限制了传输距离,采用色散补偿光纤（ＤＣＦ）进行色散补偿是上前一种较为理想的方法。本文基于光纤ＷＤＭ＋ＥＤＦＡ＋ＤＣＦ的长距离传输系统,讨论了ＤＣＦ色散补偿对光纤非线性效应交叉相位调制和四波混频（ＦＷＭ）的影响,提出了采用ＤＣＦ集总、后置、非完全补偿的色散补偿方案,这种方案可合系统具有更佳的传输性能。     

波分复用信号传输技术

本文介绍了波分复用系统中的多波长信号传输相关技术，主要包括光纤技术、色散管理、增益均衡、增益平坦ＥＤＦＡ及偏振优动等，分析了目前水平的发展方向     

掺铒光纤放大器的非线性色散效应

给出一种模型来考虑非线性色散对光通信系统的影响。数值结果表明 ,考虑非线性色散时 ,光脉冲的传播速度比不考虑非线性色散时的传播速度要快 ,而脉冲展宽是一样的     

Effects of nonlinear dispersion in EDFA's on optical communicationsystems

The signal-induced change of the refractive index in an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) causes a phase modulation imposed on a signal when passing the EDFA. In this paper, we apply our extended EDFA model on an optical communication system. The model includes this phase modulation, by including the nonlinear dispersion in an EDFA, and the spontaneous emission noise. The influence of these effects on an optical communication system is examined by means of Q-factor and eye diagram. We assume an intensity modulated-direct detection (IM-DD) system operating at 193 THz (1552.5 nm) with a bit rate of 10 Gb/s in the anomalous dispersion regime and a total fiber length of 500 km. The fibers are assumed to be dispersion shifted ones, EDFAs are used to compensate for the fiber loss. By numerical simulation we obtain results for the influence of the phase modulation (nonlinear dispersion) due to the signal induced change of the refractive index in an EDFA and the spontaneous emission noise at different input peak powers. Neglecting the signal-induced change of the refractive index strongly underestimates the Q-factor in the anomalous dispersion regime. Therefore it should be included for reliable system simulations. This can be done with the numerical model presented here     

Numerical investigation on design of wide geographical optical-transport networks based on n/spl times/40-Gb/s transmission

We report a numerical investigation on the transmission techniques to achieve the highest capacities for n/spl times/40-Gb/s systems and such results are used to design the lightpath distribution in a European network operating with Tb/s traffic. We consider the return-to-zero (RZ) transmission assuming different pulse duration to reach the highest capacity both in the case of single-channel and of wavelength-division multiplexing. We assume the transmission in links encompassing G.652 optical fibers since they are the most installed in the world, considering the compensation of the chromatic dispersion with optical-fiber gratings. Both the amplification with erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) and hybrid Raman/EDFA is considered. We use a novel algorithm for wavelength assignment in optical networks, taking into account both the traffic requirements and the physical impairments of the networks that manifest in the signal transmission. The algorithm is based on the technique of the removing lightpaths. We report an application for a Pan European network with 26 nodes.     

40Gb/s光纤通信系统中不同码型传输特性的实验研究

在高速光纤通信系统中码型的选择是决定系统传输质量和光谱效率的主要因素。码型的选择和信道速率、信道波长间隔、光放大器的选择、光放大器放置间隔、光纤的类型、色散管理策略等各种因素密切相关。分析了非归零码（NRZ）、归零码（RZ）和载波抑制归零码（CSRZ）码型的产生方式及特点。采用单信道和掺铒光纤放大器（EDFA）放大方式对三种码型进行了40Gb/s的100kmG.652光纤通信传输实验。比较了三种码型的系统传输持性、最佳入纤功率和不同入纤功率下的功率代价：载波抑制归零码最佳入纤功率为9dBm，功率代价小于非归零码和归零码。结果表明，在相同的色散补偿条件下，载波抑制归零码比归零码和非归零码有更优的非线性容忍度。     

Modeling of four-wave mixing and gain peaking in amplified WDMoptical communication systems and networks

A theoretical model is presented for analyzing the propagation of densely spaced WDM optical signals through a cascade of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers and single-mode optical fibers with nonuniform chromatic dispersion. By combining a numerical solution for the EDFA and an analytical expression for FWM components generated through the cascade, the model allows a realistic system analysis which includes gain peaking effect, amplified spontaneous emission accumulation and the effect of dispersion management on the four-wave mixing efficiency. The FWM power distribution at the end of the multi-amplifier transmission link is computed taking into account the phase relation between FWM light amplitudes generated within different sections of the link. The transmission of many WDM channels, evenly spaced around 1547.5 nm, has been analyzed for various dispersion management techniques and propagation distances. Numerical results point out the importance of such a model for a realistic design of WDM optical communication systems and networks. A proper choice of chromatic dispersion, amplifier characteristics, span length, input signal powers and wavelengths, combined with the use of gain equalizing filters, allows to maximize the transmission distance ensuring acceptable signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and limited SNR variation among channels     

A remote supervisory system based on subcarrier overmodulation forsubmarine optical amplifier systems

A supervisory (SV) signal transmission scheme for long haul optical amplifier systems is described. The scheme is based on subcarrier overmodulation of the line signal and features simple configuration; due to the use of EDFA gain modulation, no additive optical components are required in a submarine repeater to transmit a response signal. This paper discusses the subcarrier modulation index and frequency used for the SV signaling, the most significant design parameters. The dependence of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) on the modulation index in SV signal transmission is analyzed to clarify the modulation index value required for reliable SV signaling. In addition, the line signal impairment caused by subcarrier overmodulation is also analyzed to show the system's in-service feasibility. The subcarrier frequencies used for command and response signal transmission are discussed from the experimental results on the frequency response of an optical amplifier system and EDFA gain modulation efficiency