有机发光器件平板显示及彩色象元实现方案

有机发光器件（OLED）具有固体平板化的优点，用OLED制做平板显示器不仅重量轻和功耗低，而且能实现低成本的彩色大屏幕显示。本文从有机发光器件的原理出发，阐述了有机发光器件平板显示器的三色象元的一些实现方案和目前的发展状况，并对它们的基本结构及技术特点进行了比较。     

有机电致发光材料的研究

有机LED平板显示器具有效率高、亮度强、能耗低、色彩丰富以及响应速度快等优点，是近年来发光显示领域的研究热点。作为有机LED平板显示器的物质基础，电致发光(EL)材料是直接影响其器件性能的关键因素。本文在阐述器件结构和发光机理的基础上，重点介绍有机LED器件的电致发光材料，并对其应用前景进行展望。     

有机LED平板显示器电致发光材料的研究

有机LED平板显示器具有效率高、亮度强、能耗低、色彩丰富以及响应速度快等优点。是近年来发光显示领域的研究热点。作为有机LED平板显示器的物质基础，电致发光（EL）材料是直接影响其器件性能的关键因素。本文在阐述器件结构和发光机理的基础上．重点介绍了有机LED器件的电致发光材料，并对其应用前景进行了展望。     

全彩色有源矩阵OLED显示技术展望

有机电致发光显示器为了在平板显示器领域具有竞争力，就应向大容量、高分辨率、低耗电量和大型化的方向发展。主动式彩色有机电致发光显示技术将是OLED发展的主流。本文将介绍主动式OLED的发光结构和全彩色化技术。     

有机电致发光板的进展

本文综述了有机电致发光板（ＥＬ）的进展，并着重介绍了用有机发光二极管（Ｏ－ＬＥＤ）研制点矩阵显示器的近况，本文还讨论了有机和无机ＥＬ的优缺点，要想和有机ＥＬ技术成高信息量彩色平板显示器，尚需解决其稳定性问题。     

平板显示器件对彩色显像管的影响分析

相对于纵深较长阴极射线管 (CRT) ,从“没有纵深的显示画面”这个意义上 ,产生了“平板显示器 (FPD)”这一说法。平板显示器主要包括液晶显示器 (LCD)、等离子体显示器 (PDP)、有机ELD、数字光投影电视 (DLP)、硅基液晶投影电视(LCOS)等。以PDP、LCD为主的FPD ,成为近年显示产业界发展最耀眼的产品 ,关于它对彩色显像管(CPT)的影响 ,在产业界、媒体和专家眼中 ,众说纷纭、莫衷一是。阴极射线管 (CRT)从应用上分为彩电映像用的彩色显像管 (CPT)和计算机监视器用的彩色显示管 (CDT)。本文主要就平板显示器件对彩色显像管 (C…     

一种彩色平板显示器像素复用的虚拟显示算法及实现

提出一种基于阵列型彩色平板显示器像素复用的虚拟显示算法。利用本算法,可以在不改变原来平板显示器阵列结构的情况下,使白色分辨率在水平方向上提高3倍。针对现有的384×240平板显示阵列,用FPGA设计控制电路,实现256级灰度显示。仿真结果表明:FPGA设计的控制电路,能够在阵列型彩色平板显示器件上实现超分辨率显示,水平分辨率由原来的384提高到1 152。     

TFEL显示器的制作

引言图1a和1b所示为单色和彩色薄膜电致发光(TFEL)显示器的器件结构图。图2为TFEL平板显示器的制作工艺流程图。屏的制备工艺主要包括:两个光刻过程,用以确     

各有所需 共同发展——CRT的寿命周期浅析

CRT(阴极射线显象管)至今已诞生百年了,彩色CRT问世亦近50年。自彩色CRT面市以来,就一直受到FPD平板显示器件的挑战。当时就有专家认为CRT由于体积、重量、幅射等因素在10年内将被平板显示器FPD替代。但是,时间巳过去了半个世纪,     

第三代电子器件—真空FET的现状

概述了真空FET的基本原理、特性及现状.为拓宽器件的电路功能,近年来研制了各种结构,以便用一个器件完成除放大和开关以外的更多的电路功能,如倍增、倍频、信号分离器等.此外,为简化器件的制造工艺 ,突破传统真空FET的频率限制,还论述了平面结构的薄膜真空FET的现状以及用GaAs InP等单晶半绝缘材料取代SiO_2.作阴-栅介质层,以此降低器件的寄生电容,提高器件的输入阻抗,这就显著提高了器件的工作频率.最后,论述了真空微电子器件作为平板显示器的应用概况.现已研制出用于Laptop计算机、导航终端及便携式电视用的<4″的平板显示器.大面积彩色平板显示屏正在研制中.     

有机电致发光显示器件的研究

基于有机电致发光器件的能级结构,阐述电极薄膜优化对提高载流子注入效率的作用。系统评述了红绿蓝三原色有机发光材料在荧光量子效率、稳定性、寿命等方面的进展。在对比分析有机显示器件被动矩阵和主动矩阵两种驱动方式技术特点的基础上,介绍了主动矩阵的薄膜晶体管TFT驱动电路的研究进展及相关技术难点。最后简要回顾有机面板在显示尺寸、色彩及寿命方面的研发成果,并探讨了大尺寸面板在产业化进程中面临的问题及可能的技术解决方案。     

平板显示器件技术与进展

阐述了各类显示器件目前的技术发展状况，着重介绍了等离子体显示器、有机电致发光器件、场致发射器件和液晶投影等。     

Non‐linear charge conduction and emission behaviour of OELD fabricated with Alq3 and TPD‐doped soluble polyimide

We have attempted to investigate the non‐linear behaviour in the characteristics of organic electroluminescent devices (OELDs) fabricated with polyimide and an organometallic complex as a hole transport layer (HTL) and an emission layer, respectively. The thickness of the polyimide HTL and the kind of metal cathode were varied to study the mechanism of the charge conduction and the electroluminescence (EL). The conventional linear models well explained the voltage‐dependent charge injection and the current‐dependent EL. New non‐linear models proposed here predicted the characteristics almost completely, even though the physical meaning of the included parameters was not clearly defined. The OELD with the Mg cathode showed lower luminous efficiency in the high electric field than that with the Al cathode because of poor adhesion between Mg and Alq3. The maximum luminous efficiency was ca. 1.2 lm/W at 700 cd/m² in the case of the Al cathode. The emission colour did not change for the OELD with the Mg cathode irrespective of the polyimide HTL, whereas the OELD with the Al cathode and the thick HTL showed a red‐shifted EL of ca. 10 nm. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Design aspects of low power polymer/OLED passive-matrix displays

Polymer and small molecule organic LED technologies offer many attractive properties for use in a display. The highly efficient light generation at low supply voltages and the limited thickness of the display are advantageous for mobile applications. Furthermore, the large viewing angle, high contrast and fast switching speed give excellent picture quality for text and video mode operation.Optimal uniformity of the passive-matrix display is achieved with current-driven operation. This reduces the influence of material degradation as well as voltage drops across the connection leads. Amplitude and pulse width modulation can be used to obtain grey levels.This presentation discusses design aspects of small-size, full-colour passive-driven polymer LED matrix displays. Consequences of multiplexing, colour sub-pixelation, aperture and display parasitics are analysed and requirements for the RGB materials are formulated to obtain low power dissipation of the module.The efficiency of red polymers, that are available up to now, is too low. This leads to an unbalanced current density in comparison with green and blue which is unfavourable for the display power consumption.     

平版印刷法制作电致发光显示器的微型化电极布线

平板印刷柔性的电致发光显示器的交错对插的电极.根据电致发光的荧光粉颗粒尺寸的大小采用的不同的方法将其沉积.小颗粒荧光粉分子可以很容易地与印刷油墨混合.使用这种交错对插电极的柔性显示器不需要透明的导电氧化物作为阳极,容易实现大规模生产,造价低.这种显示器使用 ACEL 可以实现多色彩显示.ACEL 可以发射出从绿光到使用ZnS:Clu,X(X=Cl,Br,I)荧光粉的蓝光,或者是到使用ZnS:Cu,Mn荧光粉的橙光.此外,还可以使用颜色转换材料以产生其他颜色的光.     

Colour in flat-panel CRTs

Picture-on-the-wall television has long been a dream of display engineers throughout the world. This vision, combined with the enormous growth in applications for electronic displays over recent years, has resulted in major efforts aimed at achieving a cathode-ray tube design which is both flat and thin. Moreover, there is evidence of increasing activity in this field, in spite of the many advances being made with other flat-panel display technologies. The author provides an introduction to the wide range of flat-panel CRT designs, and describes some of the leading approaches to the achievement of colour in these displays. Some photographic results are also included     

反射显示技术的研究进展

反射显示具有超低功耗、高照度条件下易读性好、易于实现柔性、价格低廉等特点,广泛应用于各显示领域,包括电子纸、电子指示牌、电子货架标签、可穿戴显示等。特别是户外环境下使用的显示器件,对低功耗、高照度条件下易读性等有着显著的需求,因而反射类显示得到了快速的发展。为了更好地进行反射类显示的技术开发与推广,本文系统分析了3种主流的反射类显示技术,详细地阐述了3种主流反射类显示核心技术、显示原理与方案,并从显示从业者的角度对反射类显示技术的开发现状及发展进行了思考。     

STN—LCD中双折射着色现象的消除—白模式显示

在液晶显示领域中一项重要的进展是 STN-LCD 的开发,用简单矩阵驱动可实现大信息容量。但是 STN-LCD 利用液晶材料的双折射效应,产生显示着色问题,使显示对比度下降。为获得较好的显示质量必须设法消除这种固有着色现象。本文主要讨论用光学补偿法消除着色的原理,并着重介绍用单向延伸的聚合物制成的相位延迟膜的光学特性,将其应用于 STN-LCD,可获得良好的黑白显示。在此基础上与微型彩色滤色器结合可获得多色显示。     

黑白模块的彩色化应用

传统的彩屛显示器主要是透过彩色滤光片来达到彩色化的显示,矽创的Palette DriverIC的驱动方式将打破这个传统,由Palette Driver驱动的黑白TN模块只需搭配RGB三原色背光即可达到彩色化显示,不需彩色滤光片,所以可以降低材料成本及生产成本。另外由于无彩色滤光片,将可大幅提高背光源之光利用效率、降低背光耗电量。所以Palette Driver显示器具备了低功耗、低成本的优势。     

Printed passive matrix addressed electrochromic displays

Flexible displays are attracting considerable attention as a visual interface for applications such as in electronic papers and paper electronics. Passive or active matrix addressing of individual pixels require display elements that include proper signal addressability, which is typically provided by non-linear device characteristics or by incorporating transistors into each pixel. Including such additional devices into each pixel element make manufacturing of flexible displays using adequate printing techniques very hard and complicated. Here, we report all-printed passive matrix addressed electrochromic displays (PMAD), built up from a very robust three-layer architecture, which can be manufactured using standard printing tools. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) serves as the conducting and electrochromic pixel electrodes and carbon paste is used as the pixel counter electrodes. These electrodes sandwich self-assembled layers of a polyelectrolyte that are confined to desired pixel areas via surface energy patterning. The particular choice of materials results in a desired current vs. voltage threshold that enables addressability in electronic cross-point matrices. The resulting PMAD operates at less than 3 V, exhibits high colour switch contrast without cross-talk and promises for high-volume and low-cost production of flexible displays using reel-to-reel printing tools on paper or plastic foils.