QAM系统中码间串扰的抑制方法研究

通过RLS时域均衡和匹配滤波法实现了抑制码间串扰(ISI).在Simulink平台下,对这两种方法进行了仿真验证.仿真结果表明,RLS时域均衡器和匹配滤波器可以很好地抑制码间串扰,从而降低误码率,提高信息的传输质量.     

时域均衡在OFDM水声通信系统中的应用

为了对抗水声信道时延扩展大于循环前缀长度时引起的码间串扰问题,在基本的OFDM水声通信系统接收端进行DFT变换前加入相对较短的时域均衡器来限制信道冲激响应的长度。分析了基于MMSE准则的时域均衡算法的实现过程以及算法的复杂程度,对该算法在水声环境下的性能进行了仿真分析,并比较了影响系统性能的因素。结果表明通过加入时域均衡器能够有效对抗信道严重的时间离散性,改善OFDM水声通信系统在循环前缀不足时的系统性能。     

短波数字通信自适应均衡技术研究

短波信道的时变性可导致数据通信产生严重的码间串扰,必须选择合适的自适应均衡器,以便最大限度地降低码间串扰的影响;从而降低数据通信的误码率.通过比较选择适用于短波信道的自适应均衡器结构及其自适应算法,并通过仿真验证了采用平方根卡尔曼算法和判决反馈结构均衡器的性能.     

通信

TN912011011101时域均衡在OFDM水声通信系统中的应用/王熹,吴长奇(燕山大学信息科学与工程学院)//无线电通信技术.―2010,36(5).―55～58.为了对抗水声信道时延扩展大于循环前缀长度时引起的码间串扰问题,在基本的OFDM水声通信系统接收端进行DFT变换前加入相对较短的时域均衡器来限制信道冲激响应的长度。分析了基于MMSE准则的时域均衡算法的实现过程以及算法的复杂程度,对该算法在水声环境下的性能     

光纤接收机码间串扰测试

光纤通信系统的测试仪表大多建立在光学和电子学原理之上,因此系统复杂、设备昂贵.本文给出了不需要这些昂贵测试设备却又能进行测试的方法.本文首先从原理上探讨了光纤接收机码间串扰的抑制方法,并从中得到了用示波器观察光纤接收机码间串扰的启发,最后介绍了两种关于光纤接收机码间串扰的简单测试法,为测试设计、测试执行人员在进行光纤接收机码间串扰测试时提供了一种思路.     

一种新的基于保护间隔的数字音频广播系统载波同步方法

分析了利用保护间隔估计数字音频广播（DAB）系统载波细频偏时码间串扰带来的误差，降低码间串扰对码元同步影响的基础上，提出一种改进的利用保护间隔计算载波细频偏的方法。20径的AGWN信道仿真结果表明，方法具有较好的性能。提出的方法也适用于其它的正交频分复用（OFDM）系统。     

离散多频音调制消除码间干扰的方法

在介绍离散多频音调制原理的基础上，阐述了离散多频音系统时域均和衡与循环前缀相结合的消除码间干扰方法，探讨了其中时域均衡器训练算法，并得出相应结果。     

用线性调频信号调制解决码间串扰问题

该文提出用线性调频信号调制的方法解决码间串扰的问题。为了与其它调制方法进行对比,分别从公式推导和误码率两方面进行讨论,并给出仿真结果。理论推导和实际仿真结果都表明,利用线性调频信号进行调制,可以很好的抑制码间串扰。在恶劣的环境中(平均多径时延较大)仍然可以保持较高的传输速率。线性调频调制技术的优点是:不需在接收端添加均衡滤波器,也不须进行扩频编码。     

基于MATLAB的数字基带传输的FIR滤波器的设计

为了消除数字基带传输系统中的码间串扰,可将FIR数字滤波器应用于消除码间串扰的升余弦滚降特性低通滤波器的设计中。文中简要介绍了FIR数字滤波器的特征,给出了运用MATLAB实现FIR数字滤渡器的设计与仿真方法．同时给出了将设计结果应用于消除码间串扰的数字基带传输系统中操作过程。     

基于稀疏多径信道的均衡技术分析

为了解决宽带通信稀疏多径信道下均衡器结构复杂和收敛速度慢的问题,介绍了稀疏多径信道和基于伪随机序列的多径搜索。针对稀疏多径信道的特点,对判决反馈均衡器进行改进,提出了一种基于正交匹配追踪信道估计的完全判决反馈均衡器。利用正交匹配追踪估计结果在前馈均衡器前消除已判决码元对当前判决码元的码间串扰,降低了均衡器的复杂度,提高了收敛速度。通过仿真分析表明完全判决反馈均衡器能取得良好的性能。     

Equalization for discrete multitone transceivers to maximize bitrate

In a discrete multitone receiver, a time-domain equalizer (TEQ) reduces the intersymbol interference (ISI) by shortening the effective duration of the channel impulse response. Current TEQ design methods such as the minimum mean-squared error (MMSE), maximum shortening SNR (MSSNR), and maximum geometric SNR (MGSNR) do not directly maximize bit rate. We develop two TEQ design methods to maximize the bit rate. First, we partition an equalized multicarrier channel into its equivalent signal, noise, and ISI paths to develop a new subchannel SNR definition. Then, we derive a nonlinear function of TEQ taps that measures the bit rate, which the proposed maximum bit rate (MBR) method optimizes. We also propose a minimum-ISI method that generalizes the MSSNR method by weighting the ISI in the frequency domain to obtain higher performance. The minimum-ISI method is amenable to real-time implementation on a fixed-point digital signal processor. Based on simulations using eight different carrier-serving-area loop channels, (1) the proposed methods yield higher bit rates than MMSE, MGSNR, and MSSNR methods; (2) the proposed methods give three-tap TEQs with higher bit rates than 17-tap MMSE, MGSNR, and MSSNR TEQs; (3) the proposed MBR method achieves the channel capacity (as computed by the matched filter bound using the proposed subchannel SNR model) with a five-tap TEQ; and (4) the proposed minimum-ISI method achieves the bit rate of the optimal MBR method     

基于QR-RLS算法的OFDM系统盲自适应时域均衡器

在正交频分复用(OFDM)系统中,使用时域均衡器来消除由于循环前缀长度小于信道时延扩展长度而导致的符号间干扰。为了克服Merry算法收敛速度较慢的缺点,提出了一种适用于无线时变信道环境的改进的盲自适应时域均衡器。该算法利用QR-RLS算法实现均衡器抽头的迭代计算,改善了Merry算法的收敛速度和鲁棒性。理论分析和仿真结果表明,该算法收敛速度明显优于Merry算法,且性能接近MSSNR算法最优解。     

Time‐domain equalizer for multicarrier systems in impulsive noise

In multicarrier communication systems, a time‐domain equalizer (TEQ) can be applied to shorten the channel impulse response and to eliminate inter‐symbol interference (ISI). However, the presence of impulsive noise in the channel may paralyze the operation of TEQs and subsequently lead to poor error performance. In this paper, a multicarrier receiver that incorporates a constant false alarm rate algorithm and an iterative estimation technique (CFAR‐IET) in conjunction with a TEQ is proposed to increase the robustness of the receiver against impulsive noise. Furthermore, an improved version of the CFAR‐IET‐TEQ scheme, which uses the buffering, sorting, removing and amplitude averaging (BSRA) processes, is presented. Performance comparisons of the proposed schemes with the existing Gaussian‐optimized schemes are made. Simulation results show that the BSRA‐IET‐TEQ scheme is an effective approach to reduce symbol error rate (SER) in impulsive channels while performing satisfactorily in Gaussian channels. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Cyclic prefix reduction for 20.48 Gb/s direct‐detection optical OFDM transmission over 2560 km of SSMF

Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (O‐OFDM) provides major advantages in mitigating Group‐Velocity Dispersion (GVD) in Single Mode Fiber (SMF). Unfortunately, when the uncompensated long‐haul transmission ranges become very large, substantial dispersion is accumulated. Owing to the large accumulated dispersion, the Cyclic Prefix (CP) duration will occupy a substantial fraction of the OFDM frame. This effect sets some limitations on the overall throughput and the spectral efficiency. Moreover, the transmission is inefficient because of the energy wastage contained within the CP. In the case where the CP length is shorter than the Channel Impulse Response (CIR), energy wastage is reduced but the system performance is limited by the Inter Symbol Interference (ISI) and Inter Carrier Interference (ICI). To overcome this problem, a Time Domain Equalizer (TEQ) immediately after the channel is proposed. It can cancel the residual ISI and ICI caused by both the GVD and the CP length being shorter than the CIR. The simulation results show that, using BER of 10^?3 as a reference, the system performance improves by 2.69thinspacedB while considering 6‐feedforward/5‐feedback‐weight Decision Feedback TEQ (DF‐TEQ) and 2.03 dB while considering 10‐tap Least Mean Square TEQ (LMS‐TEQ) even though the CP length is shorter than the CIR. This method reduces size of the CP, and consequently the performance of the system will be improved. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Fast Implementation of MSSNR TEQ for DMT Systems

1　IntroductionInDiscreteMulTitone (DMT)systems,eachsymboliscomprisedofNdatasamplesandvCyclicPrefixes (CP) ,andthelatterissimplythelastvsamplesoftheformer.TheCPlengthisdeterminedbythelengthofthechannelimpulseresponse,andischosentominimizeInterSymbolInterference(ISI) .Ifthechannelimpulseresponseisoflengthv + 1orshorter,thenaCPoflengthvissufficienttoeliminateISI[1～4] .SincetheefficiencyofthetransceiverisreducedbyafactorofN/(N +v) ,itiseitherdesirabletomakevassmallaspossibleorutilizea…     

DMT系统中一种易于实现的时域均衡器

总结了DMT系统中时域均衡器(TEQ)的主要设计方法，指出最大缩短信噪比(MSSNR)TEQ的最优设计方法很难实时实现。提出了一种MSSNR TEQ的次优设计方法，它首先估计出目标抽样窗的最优延迟，然后用分步求解法求出TEQ的抽头系数。和最优方法相比，次优方法的计算量大幅度减少，可实时实现，而其缩短信噪比的损失很小。仿真实验验证了次优方法的有效性。     

Minimum-Mean-Output-Energy Blind Adaptive Channel Shortening for Multicarrier SIMO Transceivers

In this paper, we propose a blind adaptive channel-shortening method for designing finite-impulse response time-domain equalizers (TEQs) in single-input multiple-output systems employing multicarrier modulations. The proposed algorithm, which relies on a constrained minimization of the mean-output-energy at the TEQ output, does not require a priori knowledge of the channel impulse response or transmission of training sequences, and admits an effective and computationally efficient adaptive implementation. Moreover, the proposed TEQ is narrowband-interference resistant and its synthesis only requires an upper bound (rather than the exact knowledge) of the channel order. Numerical simulations are provided to illustrate the advantages of the proposed technique over a recently developed blind channel shortener.     

Design methods for time-domain equalizers in DMT transceivers

Time-domain equalizers (TEQ) are used in the discrete multitone (DMT) transceivers in order to reduce the duration of the overall response of the transmission system, so that a shorter-length cyclic prefix could be used. The optimum TEQ is the one that results in maximum bit allocation to each block of the DMT. However, the optimum design of TEQs turns out to be a very difficult task. We give the general guidelines that one should follow in the design of TEQ to achieve a good performance. Based on the suggested guidelines, we first propose an eigenapproach design method which results in TEQs with comparable performance to those of a previously reported method, but at a much lower computational cost. Further study of the proposed guidelines reveals that the choice of target-impulse response in the design of TEQ only weakly depends on the channel response. Noting this, we propose a second design method that is even simpler than our first method, but still results in comparable designs to those of our first method and also those obtained from the much more complex methods of the present literature     

KLT-CRKCN: Hyperspectral Image Classification via Karhunen Loeve Transformation and Collaborative Representation-Based K Closest Neighbor

Nowadays, there is a great demand for ultra-high data rate (UHDR) transmission on most 5th generation wireless networks. In this concern, the multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) scheme is used on a large scale to achieve UHDR transmission with reduced inter-symbol interference (ISI) and inter-carrier interference (ICI). Discrete wavelet transform-based OFDM (DWT-OFDM) provides better orthogonality due to presence of orthogonal wavelets, which mitigates the effects caused by ISI and ICI. Also, it has extended bandwidth than the traditional OFDM systems. But a major drawback in this system is that it suffers from down sampling. The down-sampling effect reduces the actual size of the input bit streams. As a result, the system performance is degraded. For solving this problem, a multilevel redundant discrete wavelet transform (ML-RDWT) is used instead of DWT to achieve improved spectral performance. Here, complex down-sampling operation is eliminated. From the simulation outcomes, it is clearly viewed that effects caused by ICI, ISI and BER are mitigated by improving the performance of CIR. The proposed method employs optimal red deer algorithm (ORDA) to locate the optimized weights for the ICI cancellation system. This algorithm enhances the spectral efficiency by achieving high CIR with reduced BER, ISI and ICI. The BER in the proposed MIMO-ML-RDWT-OFDM-ORDA method is 68%, 76%, 38% and 75%, which is very low when compared to the BER in the existing techniques like MIMO-DWT-OFDM-RDA, MIMO-RNS-OFDM-PNMA, MIMO-OFDM-BMA and MIMO-OFDM-ICIMA. The ISI in the proposed method is 94%, 91%, 95% low when compared to the ISI in the existing techniques. The ICI in the proposed work is 71%, 57%, 73% and 86% low when compared to the ICI in the existing techniques. Therefore, the general performance of the proposed MIMO-ML-RDWT-OFDM-ORDA method is improved in an efficient way with less complexity, error rate and processing delay.

     

New equalisation approach for maximising data rate in discrete multi tone systems

This article presents a new time domain equaliser (TEQ), which can be used in discrete multi-tone (DMT) systems to maximise the bit rate. The proposed TEQ is tested in the fast Fourier transform based discrete multi-tone (FFT–DMT) system, and in a proposed discrete cosine transform based discrete multi-tone (DCT–DMT) system. The objective of the proposed DCT–DMT system is to make use of the energy compaction property of the DCT to reduce the channel effects on the transmitted signals. A mathematical model of the proposed TEQ is presented. Simulation experiments have been carried out to test the effect of the proposed TEQ with the FFT–DMT system and the proposed DCT–DMT system. The results show that the performance of the DCT–DMT system with the proposed TEQ is better than the FFT–DMT system with this TEQ over the eight standard carrier serving area (CSA). The results also show that employing the proposed TEQ in the DCT–DMT system can achieve a high bit rate, ranging from 2.899?Mbps to 5.369 Mbps.