演化算法在微带天线优化中的应用

将演化算法和高频电磁仿真软件与矩阵实验室应用程序编程接口(High Frequency Structure Simulator-Matrix Laboratory-Application Programming Interface,HFSS-MATLAB-API)应用到微带天线的优化中,详细叙述了该方案优化微带天线的步骤,讨论了在优化过程中会遇到的一些常见问题,如基因串的定义、遗传算法结合HFSSMATLAB-API计算个体的适应度值、适应度函数的设计、遗传策略的考虑等.优化出了一副频率可重构微带天线,该天线通过开关的闭合和断开可动态地工作在S波段和X波段.     

矩形微带天线的一种快速优化设计方法研究

针对矩形微带天线优化设计主要依赖经验和反复试验的现状,研究提出了一种矩形微带天线的快速优化设计方法。分析了传输线理论对矩形微带天线分析时的准确性,并将传输线理论成功地与改进的量子遗传算法(IQGA)相结合,应用于矩形微带天线的优化设计之中。利用该方法优化设计了一款矩形微带天线,通过将设计分析的结果与有限元软件HFSS计算结果比较,说明该算法的高效性及准确性。为方便该方法的应用,开发了一款矩形微带天线的快速优化设计软件包。     

一种适用于TDOMP算法的测量矩阵优化方法

测量矩阵的优化设计有利于提高压缩感知中信号的重构性能。该文研究了适用于TDOMP (TwoDictionaries OMP)重构算法的测量矩阵优化方法。TDOMP算法是一种改进的OMP算法,该算法使用与感知矩阵互相关性低的匹配矩阵来辨识正确的感知矩阵原子。所提方法利用交替投影的思想来优化测量矩阵从而得到相关性低的感知矩阵和匹配矩阵,然后用于TDOMP算法来提高信号的重建性能。仿真实验验证了所提方法的有效性。      

基于自动秩估计的黎曼优化矩阵补全算法及其在图像补全中的应用

矩阵补全(MC)作为压缩感知(CS)的推广,已广泛应用于不同领域。近年来,基于黎曼优化的MC算法因重构精度高、计算速度快的特点,引起了广泛关注。针对基于黎曼优化的MC算法需假设原矩阵秩固定已知,且随机选择迭代起点的特点,该文提出一种基于自动秩估计的黎曼优化MC算法。该算法通过优化包含秩正则项的目标函数,迭代获取秩估计值和预重构矩阵。在估计所得秩对应的矩阵空间上以预重构矩阵为迭代起点,利用基于黎曼流形的共轭梯度法进行矩阵补全,从而提高重构精度。实验结果表明,与几种经典的图像补全方法相比,该文算法图像重构精度显著提高。     

CRLH结构微带天线的小型化设计研究

运用分层媒质格林函数结合矩量法对复合左右手（Composite Right/left-handed CRLH）结构微带天线进行了准确的数值计算,由于CRLH结构在匹配性能上的不足,该结构天线在S参数性能上很难达到要求。该文提出利用量子遗传算法对CRLH结构微带天线的虚地结构进行了编程优化,大大改善了CRLH结构微带天线的S参数,对优化获得的小型微带天线进行加工制作,测试结果较为理想,并得出：改变虚地的形状、大小不仅可以优化天线的S参数,而且可以改变天线的第一谐振频率。从而为实现CRLH结构微带天线的宽频化、多频化提供了一定的理论支持。     

基于概率稀疏随机矩阵的压缩数据收集方法

测量矩阵设计是应用压缩感知理论解决实际问题的关键。该文针对无线传感器网络压缩数据收集问题设计了一种概率稀疏随机矩阵。该矩阵可在减少参与投影值计算节点个数的同时,让参与投影值计算的节点分布集中化,从而降低数据收集的通信能耗。在此基础上,为提高网络数据重构精度,又提出一种适用于概率稀疏随机矩阵优化的测量矩阵优化算法。仿真实验结果表明,与稀疏随机矩阵和稀疏Toeplitz测量矩阵相比,采用优化的概率稀疏随机矩阵作为压缩数据收集的测量矩阵可显著降低通信能耗,且重构误差更小。     

基于粒子群算法的高斯过程建模对GPS天线优化设计研究

目前微带天线的优化设计主要采用优化算法与电磁仿真软件HFSS相结合的方案, 但使用HFSS进行大量的精确电磁仿真花费时间较长且对硬件要求较高.为解决此问题, 提出了一种在优化过程中利用高斯过程模型替代全波电磁仿真软件的方法, 并应用粒子群算法进行优化设计, 这种方案可以有效减少优化设计所需时间.利用该方法对GPS北斗双模微带天线进行了优化设计, 在花费时间只有原方法0.2%的基础上所设计的天线能够满足设计指标, 证明了该方法的有效性.     

稀疏线性调频步进信号ISAR成像观测矩阵自适应优化方法

基于压缩感知(CS)理论的稀疏线性调频步进信号(SFCS)逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)成像技术能够从少量观测数据中高概率重构出目标像,其中,观测矩阵的优化设计是提高成像质量和减少观测数据量的有效途径。然而,现有的观测矩阵优化设计研究通常没有考虑目标特征信息的有效利用,对目标的自适应能力不足。因此,该文在充分利用目标特征信息的基础上,结合稀疏SFCS信号的实际物理观测过程,提出一种ISAR成像观测矩阵自适应优化方法。该方法首先建立参数化稀疏表征成像模型以解决稀疏SFCS信号多普勒敏感问题,在此基础上,以在达到成像质量要求条件下使用最少观测数据量获得最优成像结果为目标对观测矩阵进行自适应优化设计,最终能够利用最少的数据量获得满意的目标成像结果。仿真实验验证了该算法的有效性。     

遗传算法在优化设计宽频微带天线中的应用

将遗传算法与FDTD法结合优化设计出了一种宽频微带天线.文中简要讨论了遗传算法的操作过程,并介绍了减少遗传算法与FDTD法结合优化微带天线计算量的方法.与初始矩形微带天线相比,优化后天线的阻抗带宽增加了三倍多.     

一种新的基于稀疏表示的宽带信号DOA估计方法

该文提出一种基于稀疏表示的宽带信号波达方向(DOA)估计方法,解决稀疏表示方法在宽带信号DOA估计中由于基矩阵维数过大而使算法存储量和重构计算量大的问题。用单一频点的基矩阵代替频率和角度联合构建的基矩阵,使基矩阵的列数仅相当于一个频点处冗余基矩阵的列数,大大降低了稀疏重构方法的存储量和计算量。该方法首先对各频点的频域数据进行聚焦处理,将不同频率的数据堆叠到参考频率上并建立参考频率处的基矩阵,然后建立聚焦后的稀疏表示模型进行DOA估计,并采用奇异值分解进一步降低算法的运算量,最后给出残差门限的选择方法。该算法不仅适用于非相关信号,也可直接处理相关信号而不需要任何的去相关运算,且具有高的检测概率和估计精度,仿真实验和分析验证了该方法的有效性。     

微带可重构天线的初步探讨

引入了一种崭新的天线概念-可重构天线。首先根据传统微带天线腔模理论定性地分析了微带可重构天线的工作机理，然后用时域有限差分（FDTD）法对微带天线的可重构特性进行了仿真分析。仿真和分析表明，矩形微带可重构天线当某一边长大于等于一个工作波长时，能够获得良好的可重构特性。     

Optimization of Circular Ring Microstrip Antenna Using Genetic Algorithm

Circular ring microstrip antennas have several interesting properties that make it attractive in wireless applications. Although several analysis techniques such as cavity model, generalized transmission line model, Fourier-Hankel transform domain and the method of matched asymptotic expansion have been studied by researchers, there is no efficient design tool that has been incorporated with a suitable optimization algorithm. In this paper, the cavity model analysis along with the genetic optimization algorithm is presented for the design of circular ring microstrip antennas. The method studied here is based on the well-known cavity model and the optimization of the dimensions and feed point location of the circular ring antenna is performed via the genetic optimization algorithm, to achieve an acceptable antenna operation around a desired resonance frequency. The antennas designed by this efficient design procedure were realized experimentally, and the results are compared. In addition, these results are also compared to the results obtained by the commercial electromagnetic simulation tool, the FEM based software, HFSS by ANSOFT.     

K波段高增益超材料微带天线的拓扑优化设计

超材料微带天线的设计通常依赖经验,其中超材料基元的设计多以尺寸优化和形状优化为主。研究了常规超材料对微带天线增益性能的影响,发现其对增益性能的提升效果有限。提出了一种基于遗传算法的高增益超材料微带天线拓扑优化设计方法,对超材料基元采用整体设计的方法,以天线增益最大化为设计目标,以覆铜贴片方格子的有无为设计变量,建立了K波段(24 GHz)超材料微带天线的拓扑优化模型。进而基于遗传算法的求解策略,获得了一种新颖的超材料微带天线构型。仿真结果表明优化后的超材料微带天线侧向辐射得以抑制,其最大增益提升到10.5 dB,与普通微带天线相比性能提升了35%。同时通过改变覆铜贴片格子的布置规模对优化设计结果的收敛性进行分析,分析结果显示创新构型超材料微带天线设计结果是收敛的,且10*10方格子规模下的创新构型制备性价比最高。最后研究了超材料基元单独设计与整体设计的天线工作频率匹配对比,对比结果证实了超材料基元采用整体设计对于超材料微带天线拓扑优化是非常必要的。     

Reconfigurable Patch Antenna Design Using Pin Diodes and Raspberry PI for Portable Device Application

The modern wireless communication system requires high performance portable devices, thus designing of such communicating devices plays a major role. More particularly, meander shape is selected over the traditional shapes of microstrip patch antenna for the application of portable device antenna. Accordingly, in this paper, orthogonal meander architecture along with PIN diodes are proposed to achieve vertical and horizontal polarization. Further, to control switching of PIN diodes, Raspberry PI system is employed. In the proposed method, a novel meander-shaped antenna is designed and simulated using High-Frequency Structure Simulator-11 (HFSS-11) with an operating frequency of 2.4 GHz. However, the optimized design dimensions are used to fabricate the antenna and then the results are verified. This paper highlights the simulated and experimental results including, S-Parameter, radiation pattern, current distribution, co and cross polarization, path loss and impedance. Besides, the paper demonstrates the effect of cover on the antenna performance. Finally, the proposed meander shape reconfigurable antenna have validated as a portable device antenna from the obtained results for wireless communication applications.

     

Reconfigurable antenna solution for MIMO-OFDM systems

A reconfigurable microstrip dipole antenna solution for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems making use of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is presented. When applied to closely spaced antenna arrays, this method can increase link capacity. The benefits of this novel antenna solution are demonstrated by channel capacity measurements taken in an indoor environment with a 2/spl times/2 MIMO system.     

具有陷波功能的超宽带缝隙天线的设计与研究

提出了一种具有陷波功能与分形调谐支节的新型超宽带缝隙天线.该天线的结构类似于一般的微带缝隙天线,通过采用分形调谐支节引入半波长谐振结构,使得该天线不仅具备了超宽带缝隙天线的优点,还具备灵活可调的陷波功能.通过计算、测量和尺度放大实验,充分考察了天线的频域特性.实验结果表明该天线的工作频带为2.66～10.76 GHz,在4.95～5.85 GHz频段上具有陷波功能,同时具有相对稳定的辐射方向性和近似的全向特性.该研究对设计小型超宽带天线具有一定的价值.     

Single-Fed Microstrip Patch Antenna With Switchable Polarization

A single-fed reconfigurable microstrip antenna that can provide various polarization diversities is presented in this paper. The antenna is excited by a microstrip feed line through aperture coupling. When two PIN diodes are used to respectively reconfigure the coupling slot and the open stub of the feed line, the polarization of the microstrip antenna can be switched between vertical and horizontal polarizations. For the reconfigurable antenna with the linear polarization diversity, it can be converted to a circularly-polarized antenna with switchable polarization sense by introducing a perturbation segment. Moreover, an antenna with the quadri-polarization diversity, including dual orthogonal linear polarizations and two circular polarizations, is also developed from the structure of the switchable circular polarization microstrip antenna, and only three diodes are required. Details of the antenna design are shown, and the measured results for the constructed prototype are also exhibited and discussed.     

A novel radiation pattern and frequency reconfigurable single turn square spiral microstrip antenna

This paper presents a novel pattern and frequency reconfigurable microstrip antenna that uses switched connections. The basic antenna operates with linear polarization around 3.7 GHz. One set of connections provides a re-directed radiation pattern while maintaining a common operating impedance bandwidth with the baseline configuration. The second set of connections results in operation at a higher frequency band at 6 GHz with broadside patterns. Measured results of the three antenna configurations are provided. Potential applications of this reconfigurability and directions for future work are discussed.     

一种开双H形槽的新型宽频微带天线

提出了一种在接地板和辐射贴片同时开H形槽的新型宽频微带天线。设计了一个工作于Ku波段的微带天线。采用时域有限差分（FDTD）方法对该天线的电特性进行了仿真计算,并制作了实验模型。测量结果表明,该天线驻波（VSWR）小于2的相对阻抗带宽达到了37．6％,交叉极化电平小于-17dB。