卫星导航接收机时域窄带干扰抑制滤波器设计与性能分析

针对卫星导航接收机时域窄带干扰的有效抑制问题,本文首先给出二阶格型IIR陷波器参数设计方法,通过陷波带宽的定量调整,既可以有效抑制窄带干扰,又可以降低卫星信号的失真;其次推导了二阶IIR格型陷波器相关输出信干噪比改善因子的闭合表达式,该表达式相比干扰抑制后信干噪比的改善,更为直观地反映了陷波器对卫星导航信号的影响。理论分析和仿真实验,二阶格型IIR陷波器相关输出信干噪比改善因子与陷波器的带宽参数有关,而与陷波频率无关,且二阶格型IIR陷波器的性能优于最优线性预测Wiener滤波器、最优线性插值Wiener滤波器、五系数FIR滤波器以及二阶直接型IIR陷波器。      

可用于DSSS系统时变干扰抑制的IIR滤波器设计

在理想的干扰瞬时频率估计条件下,推导Kwan-Martin结构IIR干扰抑制滤波器相关输出信干噪比改善因子的闭合表达式。与五系数时变FIR滤波器干扰抑制性能比较表明,IIR滤波器对DSSS信号的失真远小于FIR滤波器,信干噪比改善因子与干扰瞬时频率及系统扩展比无关,干扰抑制性能优于时变FIR滤波结构。     

直扩系统中IIR格型滤波器抑制窄带干扰新方法与性能分析

该文提出一种直扩系统中基于IIR格型陷波器时域频域相结合的窄带干扰抑制新方法,该方法采用时域频域并行处理的结构,通过最优加窗和频谱校正技术在频域精确估计出干扰信号的频率,根据频率估计误差和干信比求出最优陷波带宽,由此自适应地调整时域IIR格型陷波器的参数。分析和实验表明,该方法较传统的自适应IIR窄带干扰抑制方法不仅具有更高的稳定性和实时性,而且在干扰得到有效抑制的情况下使有用信号的损失达到最小。     

基于自适应IIR陷波滤波器的窄带干扰抑制技术

在存在窄带干扰时，扩频通信系统的性能可以通过使用各种不同的抗干扰滤波器来进一步提高。文中研究了二阶自适应格型IIR陷波滤波器在直扩通信中抗窄带干扰的应用，推导了系统信噪比改善因子和误比特率的闭合表达式。计算机仿真表明了该分析结果的正确性。     

Performance analysis of instantaneous frequency-based interferenceexcision techniques in spread spectrum communications

Jammers characterized by their instantaneous frequencies can be effectively mitigated in direct sequence spread spectrum communications by using open-loop adaptive excision filters. The primary requirement for these filters is that they must possess a notch in tune with the jammer instantaneous frequency (IF) to annihilate the interference power at every time sample. The interference time-varying frequency can be obtained using existing IF estimators, including quadratic time-frequency distribution methods. Without focusing on any specific estimator, we develop expressions for the receiver performance using a general class of multiple-zero FIR excision filters and show the dependence of the bit error rate (BER) on the filter order and its group delay. The effect of inaccuracies in the jammer instantaneous frequency information on the receiver performance is considered and evaluated as a function of the filter notch bandwidth. The latter is defined by the filter zero multiplicity, which is shown to be an important factor in the analysis of the correlator signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)     

GPS接收机抑制LFM干扰空时子空间投影方法

根据GPS接收机接收信号、噪声和线性调频(LFM)干扰在时频平面上的不同分布特点,用STFT-Hough变换进行干扰的检测和参数估计;将子空间投影方法与空时信号处理相结合,构造出空时二维干扰子空间,利用子空间投影方法进行干扰抑制.文中给出干扰参数估计和空时子空间投影抗干扰的具体步骤,推导出系统输出信干噪比的解析表达式,分析了干扰参数估计误差的影响.同其它抗LFM干扰方法相比,本文方法对干扰参数估计更准确、计算量更小;空时子空间投影方法引入更多自由度,抗干扰性能进一步提高;结构简单,具有较高的可行性和实用性.仿真试验验证了该方法能有效抑制LFM干扰.     

带宽有限多址接入及其迭代干扰抑制技术研究

研究了一种新的带宽有限多址系统的迭代接收及抗干扰技术。相比于直接序列扩频系统,其优点有:多址接入时不需扩展频谱,且抗截获能力强;通过迭代接收技术,多用户环境下,上下行链路均可达单用户性能。同时,以具有非平稳宽带特性的线性调频人为干扰为模型,提出一种基于分数阶傅立叶变换结合自适应滤波消除干扰的方法,研究系统的抗干扰性,并给出了不同信噪比及干信比下的仿真性能,显示了所提出系统能有效应用到卫星通信中。     

基于IIR陷波的UWB窄带干扰抑制

提出了一种基于IIR陷波的UWB窄带干扰抑制方法。超宽带脉冲通过IIR陷波来降低自身特定频段的功率谱从而使UWB系统避开窄带干扰,达到与其它系统共存的目的。以高斯导脉冲为例,对所设计IIR陷波器进行仿真验证,并就陷波前、后的脉冲波形的通信性能进行比较。仿真结果表明:陷波脉冲具有良好的窄带干扰抑制能力,在实现和其他无线窄带通信系统共存的同时,具有良好的系统传输性能。     

基于匹配滤波和离散分数阶傅里叶变换的水下动目标LFM回波联合检测

匹配滤波器是高斯白噪声背景下LFM回波的最优检测器,并且根据匹配滤波器输出的峰值位置可以获得目标距离的估计.有色混响噪声背景以及目标径向速度造成的回波和样本失配都将导致匹配滤波器检测性能和测距精度下降.结合匹配滤波的定位特性和分数阶傅里叶变换对LFM信号的聚焦特性,该文提出基于匹配滤波和离散分数阶傅里叶变换的联合检测方法.仿真结果表明联合检测方法性能优于单匹配滤波器,并且可以获得目标径向速度的近似估计.     

基于Radon-STFT的DSSS系统线性调频干扰对消

提出一种基于Radon-STFT的DSSS系统线性调频干扰对消算法,仿真实验表明,该方法可以在较大的动态范围内有效地抑制线性调频干扰。与基于STFT的抑制算法相比,其参数估计精度大大提高;与基于WHT的抑制算法相比,该方法在多分量条件下效果更为突出,其运算量也显著降低。     

Performance analysis of the sign algorithm for a constrained adaptive IIR notch filter

Adaptive infinite impulse response (IIR) notch filters are very attractive in terms of their reasonable performances and low computational requirements. Generally, it is very difficult to assess their performances analytically due to their IIR nature. This paper analyzes in detail the steady-state performance of the sign algorithm (SA) for a well-known adaptive IIR notch filter with constrained poles and zeros. Slow adaptation and Gaussianity of the notch filter output are assumed for the sake of analysis. Two difference equations are first established for the convergences in the mean and mean square in the vicinity of the steady state of the algorithm. Steady-state estimation error or bias and mean square error (MSE) of the SA are then derived in closed forms. A coarse stability bound is also derived for the algorithm. Theory-based comparison between the algorithm and the plain gradient (PG) algorithm is done in some detail. Extensive simulations are conducted to demonstrate the validity of the analytical results for both slow and relatively fast adaptations.     

Elimination of AC interference in electrocardiogram using IIR notchfilter with transient suppression

A technique for suppressing the transient states of IIR notch filter is investigated. This technique uses the vector projection to find better initial values for notch filters. When a notch or comb filter is used to eliminate power line (AC) interference in the recording of electrocardiograms (ECG), the performance of the notch filter with transient suppression is better than that of the conventional notch filter with arbitrary initial condition. The improvements with this technique are at the cost of additional computation load at the beginning of filtering     

Effect of jammer power on the performance of adaptive arrays

The effect of jammer power on the performance of adaptive arrays is studied. It is shown that the output signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of an adaptive array is a function of jammer power. In the presence of a wide-band jammer, the output SINR of the array decreases with an increase in jammer power and eventually goes to zero. Unlike continuous wave (CW) jammers, a wide-band jammer does not go through power inversion. Instead, as the jammer power is increased, the interference-to-noise ratio (INR) at the array output shows oscillations. For large jammer power, the output INR increases with an increase in jammer power.     

基于Simulink的直扩系统频域窄带干扰抑制研究

直接序列扩频系统（Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum,DSSS）自身具有抗窄带干扰的能力,但当存在强窄带干扰时,需要有效的窄带干扰抑制技术来提高系统性能。研究了基于FFT的频域窄带干扰抑制算法,并对其中的加窗、重叠复用及门限生成等关键技术进行了分析。利用Matlab的可视化工具Simulink建立了仿真模型,并在给定的仿真条件下进行了仿真,验证了基于FFT重叠变换的频域陷波技术抑制干扰的有效性,为直接序列扩频系统在干扰环境下的应用提供了依据。     

基于IIR滤波器的窄带干扰抑制技术仿真与实现

研究了直扩通信中二阶自适应格型IIR陷波滤波器在抗窄带干扰中的应用,推导了系统信噪比改善因子和误比特率的闭合表达式,分析了算法的性能,并进行了MATLAB仿真。基础上,设计了FPGA可实现的自适应解扩重扩滤波器,该滤波器实现简单,硬件测试表明,滤波器达到了预期的性能指标,有效可抗窄带干扰在大约21dB。     

2D multiple notch filter design

The authors propose a decomposition method to reduce the 2D multiple notch filter design problem to two pairs of 1D filter design problems. They develop a simple algebraic method for the design of two pairs of 1D IIR filter design. This approach not only has closed form transfer function but also satisfies the bounded input/output (BIBO) stability condition     

基于FPGA的扩频接收机中数字匹配滤波器的设计

本文在分析匹配滤波器的工作原理及制约数字匹配滤波器性能的主要参数后,在文献[5]所给出折叠匹配滤波器的基础上设计了一种改进的折叠匹配滤波器结构,该结构具有更好的可实现性和更少的FPGA资源消耗。该设计已经应用于某型号中频数字化直接序列扩频接收机中,并取得了满意的效果。     

Kalman filter‐based channel estimation and ICI suppression for high‐mobility OFDM systems

The use of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) in frequency‐selective fading environments has been well explored. However, OFDM is more prone to time‐selective fading compared with single‐carrier systems. Rapid time variations destroy the subcarrier orthogonality and introduce inter‐carrier interference (ICI). Besides this, obtaining reliable channel estimates for receiver equalization is a non‐trivial task in rapidly fading systems. Our work addresses the problem of channel estimation and ICI suppression by viewing the system as a state‐space model. The Kalman filter is employed to estimate the channel; this is followed by a time‐domain ICI mitigation filter that maximizes the signal‐to‐interference plus noise ratio (SINR) at the receiver. This method is seen to provide good estimation performance apart from significant SINR gain with low training overhead. Suitable bounds on the performance of the system are described; bit error rate (BER) performance over a time‐invariant Rayleigh fading channel serves as the lower bound, whereas BER performance over a doubly selective system with ICI as the dominant impairment provides the upper bound. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于扩频通信的抗干扰陷波技术研究

通过分析直接序列扩频通信系统所面临的阻塞式窄带干扰问题,提出了一种抗干扰窄带陷波技术;对集总参数、分布式参数滤波器进行了分析和变换,建立了同轴腔可调谐窄带陷波器电路模型,给出了一种适于宽频段抗干扰陷波的工程设计和实现方法,并对所设计电路进行了制作和实验;测试结果表明,该方法不但能提高滤波器的通带调谐范围,而且还可以对阻带的凹口深度和宽度进行叠加控制.试验结果证实了该方法的有效性和正确性.     

基于Stackelberg模型的弹载雷达和干扰波形设计

现代电子战中,弹载雷达与干扰机间存在着二元零和动态博弈。针对博弈条件下弹载雷达和干扰机性能降低问题,分别以雷达和干扰为博弈主导者,建立Stackelberg博弈模型,基于信干噪比准则提出了二次注水的波形设计方法。在雷达主导的博弈模型中,干扰通过min策略最小化雷达接收端信干噪比,雷达通过二次注水的maxmin策略分配信号频域功率,降低干扰影响;在干扰主导的博弈中,雷达通过max策略最大化自身信干噪比,干扰机利用minmax策略提高干扰效能。实验仿真表明,maxmin策略中雷达检测性能较min策略最高提升9.17%,而minmax策略中目标被探测概率较max策略最多降低11.42%;为博弈条件下雷达信号和干扰信号的优化分别提供了解决方案。