聚合物前驱体转化法制备陶瓷微机电系统

陶瓷材料作为一种在高温和腐蚀等苛刻环境中应用的重要材料,对其制备和加工技术进行研究是非常必要的。本文在简要概述传统微机电系统(MEMS)加工技术对制备陶瓷MEMS存在的不足基础上,着重介绍了由聚合物前驱体转化法制备陶瓷MEMS的制备方法、工艺流程、优缺点及未来发展方向。     

电磁防护材料专题

氧化铁-石墨／ABS复合材料制备及电磁屏蔽性能;碳纳米管负载纳米TiO2复合材料的制备及组织结构表征;正交排布碳纤维材料的电磁防护性能研究;电磁波屏蔽复合材料的研究进展;导电聚苯胺／羰基铁粉复合吸收效能的研究.     

Si_3N_4陶瓷材料的构筑及缺陷结构研究进展

Si_3N_4陶瓷作为结构陶瓷,以其优越的热力学稳定性能、化学稳定性能、机械性能及低密度结构等优点,在工程施工、电子元件、电工制品等领域具有广泛的应用价值。但Si_3N_4陶瓷材料在制备过程中具有杂质增强相凝聚、大晶体凸出、多大气孔等研究瓶颈,结合实际工程应用对Si_3N_4陶瓷材料本征缺陷及电子结构进行综述。系统阐述了国内外Si_3N_4陶瓷材料的研究现状及应用前景,介绍了当前Si_3N_4陶瓷材料的合成技术、研究方法等。根据工程材料的性能要求与缺陷标准,着重展望了Si_3N_4陶瓷材料在电子元件领域的应用前景与发展方向。     

复合先驱体法制备铅镁锰锑铌系压电陶瓷材料

采用复合先驱体法制备了Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)a(Mn1/3Nb2/3)b(Mn1/3Sb2/3)cZrdTieO3(PMMSN) 铅镁锰锑铌多元系中温烧结压电陶瓷材料。结果表明,相同合成条件下,三组元复合先驱体法和六组元复合先驱体法比四组元复合先驱体法制得样品的钙钛矿相含量更高,在700℃即可得到单纯钙钛矿相材料,且复合先驱体法具有比单一先驱体法(二组元)工艺更加简单、成本更加低廉的优势。性能测试结果表明,三组元复合先驱体法制成样品的性能最佳。1 100℃烧结样品的性能参数:Qm为1 916,kp为0.56,r为1 349,d33为326,tg为0.43?02,可以满足超声马达和压电变压器等应用方面的要求。     

PMZN系压电陶瓷材料合成工艺研究

采用溶胶-凝胶工艺制备了钙钛矿结构的锆钛酸铅压电陶瓷材料(PZT)。然后用制得的PZT作为基料，合成PMZN压电陶瓷，探讨了PZT制备工艺对材料结构和性能的影响。结果表明：溶胶-凝胶法合成PZT粉制备的PMZN系压电陶瓷材料具有机电耦合系数高、介质损耗小、介电常数与机械品质因数适中等特点；溶胶-凝胶工艺降低了材料的烧结温度，改善了材料的介电与压电性能，提高了谐振频率。     

高导热AlN陶瓷材料制造及其应用研究

对AlN陶瓷材料制备过程中影响其性能尤其是导热性能的诸多因素进行实验 ,摸索出一套较合理的制备工艺 ,制造出性能较稳定、导热率高的AlN陶瓷材料。观察了AlN陶瓷的微结构并得出某些结论。已加工出AlN陶瓷夹持杆、收集极和输出窗 ,在微波管上试用 ,取得一些经验。     

通过流延法制备铁粉基吸波电磁膜及其吸波性能研究

采用流延工艺制备含不同形貌铁粉吸收剂的吸波电磁膜,研究了所制电磁膜的吸波性能。结果表明:电磁膜吸波性能受到作为吸收剂的铁粉相貌的影响。采用片状铁粉吸收剂试样在2~18 GHz频率范围内实现微波反射率基本达到–5 d B,采用球状铁粉吸收剂试样在5~18 GHz频率范围内实现微波反射率基本达到–5 d B,吸收峰值均大于–20 d B。     

牺牲模板法制备多孔陶瓷材料的研究进展

多孔陶瓷材料因其特殊的性能,受到越来越多的关注。多孔陶瓷材料的制备方法也在不断完善和成熟,其中以牺牲模板为主要路线制备的多孔陶瓷能够遗传模板的形态结构。综述了对以牺牲模板为主要路线采用不同模板制备的多孔陶瓷的研究现状以及优缺点,介绍了多孔陶瓷在电子领域的几种应用,并对多孔陶瓷材料的制备方法的进一步发展提出展望。     

一种高抗湿的二氧化锡室温氢敏陶瓷的制备与研究

湿度的影响是金属氧化物半导体室温气敏材料应用中面临的主要挑战之一。本文通过传统的陶瓷制备工艺,将二氧化锡纳米粉与铂粉混合制备成块状的纳米复合陶瓷。这种块体陶瓷材料在室温50%相对湿度环境下对于较高浓度的氢气具有显著的响应,其对于体积分数1%的氢气响应很好,灵敏度可以达到150。然而它在50%相对湿度的环境下对低浓度氢气的响应仍然会受到很大的抑制。另外,二氧化锡团聚体颗粒也被作为原料用来制备Pt-SnO_2复合纳米陶瓷。在室温以及50%相对湿度环境下,它对体积分数1%的氢气灵敏度高达850,而当相对湿度上升到70%的时候,灵敏度依然能达到450。对于很低浓度的氢气,它也保留着显著的氢敏性能,在50%和70%的相对湿度下,对体积分数为0.04%的氢气灵敏度分别为5和4.1。显然,这种块体陶瓷材料在具备更强的抗湿性能的同时具有更高的灵敏度。微观结构显示这种块体陶瓷材料存在许多团聚体,这种不均匀的微观结构对于抗湿性能的调控具有非常重要的意义。     

MgAl2O4透明荧光陶瓷用于白光LED的初步研究

简单介绍了白光发光二极管（LED）中与荧光转换材料和封装工艺相关的现状和存在问题,重点介绍了烁光特晶科技有限公司研制的新型铝酸镁荧光透明陶瓷材料。采用自制的铝酸镁粉体分别混合自制和市售的荧光粉制备了荧光透明陶瓷,对其加工并替代传统白光LED中的荧光粉层和环氧树脂封装外壳进行了封装测试。由于荧光转换物质在透明陶瓷中均匀分布,解决了传统工艺中荧光粉易沉降的问题,有利于出光的均匀性;陶瓷材料比树脂等有机材料热导率高,加快了散热;同时,荧光陶瓷机械强度高、耐腐蚀、耐磨损,可直接作为封装外壳,简化了封装工艺,可拓展LED的应用范围。     

2200 MHz圆环形介质谐振器的研制

讨论了TE011谐振模式的圆环形介质谐振器的研制过程。固定ZnO添加量为质量分数1.00%,考察了WO3改性剂对(Zr0.8Sn0.2)TiO4微波陶瓷介电性能的影响。当w(WO3)为0.25%时,可得到εr为38.0、Q值大于5800(7GHz)、τf小于2.0×10–6/℃的瓷料。以该瓷料为原料制作谐振器,研究了制作工艺和支撑物高度对谐振器性能的影响。发现采用冷等静压成型工艺所制谐振器的Q值比采用干压成型工艺提高了4%。获得了谐振频率为2200MHz的高Q值、高功率、高稳定性圆环形介质谐振器,完全满足设计要求。     

Study on Low Resistance PTC Ceramic Material

The low resistance PTC ceramic thermistor material with excellent eleectrical properties are successfully fabricated by raw materials at industrial range made in our country on the study of its composition expression and fabrication process by using the addition of Nb,La,Y,Ta,microstructure regulator BN and ASTL phase.The composition and its fabrication method are studied.The relation of electrical properties of the PTC ceramic metaerial to its composition expression and its related electrical properties are discussed.     

原材料物理化学特性对多孔性PTC陶瓷结构与性能的影响

本文研究了以不同物理化学形态的含结晶水有机酸盐草酸氧钛钡为原料时，对多孔性ＰＴＣ陶瓷的结构与性能的影响；以及同时以不同结晶水含量的草酸氧钛钡为主原料时，二者分别对同一块多孔性ＰＴＣ陶瓷的不同结构特征、不同性能特征做出的不同贡献。     

粒度对CaO-B_2O_3-SiO_2系LTCC材料性能的影响

用行星球磨机把相同原料球磨不同时间后,制得了不同粒度的CaO-B2O3-SiO2系用于制造LTCC的粉体材料;采用统一的固相烧结陶瓷工艺过程把LTCC粉体材料制备成陶瓷;研究了粉体粒度对瓷体晶相组成、微观形貌及析晶温度等物理性能的影响。结果表明,粉体粒度减小有助于烧结,但粒度过小会使液相在烧结过程中过早出现并包裹住未及排出的气体,从而导致瓷体结构不致密。最终确定球磨时间为7h,中位径为1.29μm,比表面积为7.344m2/g的粉体有较好的综合性能,用其制得的LTCC εr为6.053,tanδ为2.33。     

Light and Strong SiC Networks

The directional freezing of microfiber suspensions is used to assemble highly porous (porosities ranging between 92% and 98%) SiC networks. These networks exhibit a unique hierarchical architecture in which thin layers with honeycomb‐like structure and internal strut length in the order of 1–10 μm in size are aligned with an interlayer spacing ranging between 15 and 50 μm. The resulting structures exhibit strengths (up to 3 MPa) and stiffness (up to 0.3 GPa) that are higher than aerogels of similar density and comparable to other ceramic microlattices fabricated by vapor deposition. Furthermore, this wet processing technique allows the fabrication of large‐size samples that are stable at high temperature, with acoustic impedance that can be manipulated over one order of magnitude (0.03–0.3 MRayl), electrically conductive and with very low thermal conductivity. The approach can be extended to other ceramic materials and opens new opportunities for the fabrication of ultralight structures with unique mechanical and functional properties in practical dimensions.     

低损耗传输太赫兹波的Topas多孔纤维设计

以新型聚合物材料Topas环烯烃共聚物（COC）为基质,设计了一种能够低损耗传输太赫兹波的多孔纤维。应用全矢量有限元方法对传输特性的研究结果表明,该Topas多孔纤维在太赫兹波段具有宽带低损耗、低色散的特性:0.4~1.5 THz范围内的损耗小于0.2 cm-1;0.48~1.5 THz范围内的色散为1.80.3 psTHz-1cm-1。所设计的多孔纤维兼顾了结构简单、易于制备的特点。研究结论为Topas太赫兹波导的制备提供了理论指导。     

Increasing the efficiency of photoelectric cells by nanostructuring their surface

A method of fabrication of nanostructured objects, which increases the efficiency of the photo-electric system used in the conversion of energy of electromagnetic radiation into electric energy is suggested. The method is based on the formation of metal nanodots on the basis of the surface layer of porous silicon, which concentrates the energy of electromagnetic radiation due to localized plasmon modes.     

Kaolinite as a Suspending Agent for Preparation of Porous BaTiO3 Ceramics via Freeze Casting

Porous barium titanate (BT) ceramics were fabricated by a freeze-casting technique with kaolinite as a suspending agent, and the effects of the kaolinite content on the microstructure and dielectric properties were investigated. The porous BT ceramics possessed high porosity and a unique two-dimensional pore structure along the freezing direction. The absolute value of the zeta potential and the viscosity of the slurry increased with increasing kaolinite content. The zeta potential plot and viscosity characterization results showed that a stable slurry was obtained when the kaolinite content was 8 wt.%. The porosity was substantially affected by the suspension effect and the fluxing action of the kaolinite. Porosity characterization showed that the porosity of the porous BT ceramic reached a maximum value for 8 wt.% addition of kaolinite. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the porous BT ceramics possessed a multilayered channel structure. The temperature dependence of the permittivity showed that the porous BT ceramics possessed good temperature stability of the dielectric constant.     

成型工艺对高介薄型单层陶瓷电容器电阻性能影响

采用流延和轧膜成型两种工艺制作了尺寸为38.1mm×38.1mm×0.15mm,介电常数为25000左右的单层微波电容用陶瓷介质基片。系统对比了两种不同成型工艺对该基片的显微结构和电阻性能的影响规律。实验结果表明．轧膜成型制备出的电容器样品的绝缘电阻偏压特性和温度特性均优于流延成型工艺制得的样品,而且在各个温度下的介电损耗低于流延成型工艺制得的样品。不同的陶瓷基片表面扫描电镜图显示,流延成型的陶瓷介质表面粗糙多孔,而轧膜成型的陶瓷介质表面致密紧实。     

Collagen/hydroxyapatite composite materials with desired ceramic properties

Our purpose was to obtain and characterize some collagen/hydroxyapatite (COLL/HA) hybrid composite materials with desired ceramic properties. The ceramic properties of these materials were achieved by combining two drying methods: controlled air drying at 30°C followed by freeze-drying. Through the function of the air drying times, the materials morphology varies from porous materials (when the materials are freeze-dried) up to dense materials (when the materials are air-dried), while the combined drying allows us to obtain an intermediary morphology. The composite materials intended to be used as bone grafts and in a drug delivery system were characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, and also by determining the ceramic properties by using the Arthur method. The ceramic properties of these COLL/HA composite materials vary in large range, for instance the density of the materials varies from 0.06 up to 1.5?g/cm(3) while the porosity varies from 96.5% down to 27.5%.