Ka波段宽带螺旋线行波管研制

主要针对Ka波段宽带高功率螺旋线行波管慢波结构进行了优化设计,旨在提高行波管输出功率和效率,并对返波振荡特性进行了仿真分析。行波管测试结果表明,在工作频段26.5～40 GHz,连续波输出功率大于200 W,总效率超过41%,增益大于31.5 dB。该管可作为Ka波段大功率毫米波功率放大器,应用于各类军事和民用电子系统中。     

螺旋线毫米波行波管及宽带毫米波功率模块的研制进展

本文介绍了中国电科12所K、Ka波段螺旋线行波管及毫米波功率模块研制进展情况,包括宽带行波管及毫米波功率模块,大功率通信/雷达用行波管、幅相一致行波管。目前已实现Ka波段小型化的宽带行波管及毫米波功率模块输出功率大于160 W;Ka波段幅相一致行波管相位一致性达到±25°;大功率毫米波行波管已形成系列化产品。     

Ka波段250W连续波行波管的研制

本文介绍了一种Ka波段连续波250W螺旋线行波管研制的主要技术方案。介绍了这种行波管的研究现状和研制成果。     

Ka波段行波管提高效率研究

本文针对Ka波段高效率行波管的特点,采用专门的设计技术提高电子互作用效率、收集极效率、电子流通率和采用匹配良好的输能系统,实现了Ka波段30 W,55 W,80 W和100 W系列连续波行波管,效率达到45％～60％范围.     

X波段行波管阳极控制电子枪设计

大功率电子枪设计中的主要问题是如何构成强流电子束和使电子枪中电子束聚焦。利用差值计算的方法初步确定了电子枪几何尺寸参数,进而应用数值模拟的方法计算了电子枪的结构及束流特性,设计了应用于X波段连续波大功率行波管的阳极控制电子枪。该电子枪设计参数为：阳极调制,导流系数为0．44μP,射程大于37mm,注腰半径为1mm。结果表明,该电子枪可完全满足x波段连续波大功率行波管对互作用电子束的要求。     

螺距跳变技术优化行波管电子效率的研究

行波管采用动态速度渐变（DVT）技术能获得很高的电子互作用效率。这里采用粒子模拟（PIC）技术对Ka波段某螺旋线空间行波管慢波结构进行模拟,分析了采用DVT技术的慢波结构内部各段螺距的大小和长度对行波管电子效率以及增益的影响。对慢波结构进行优化,优化后,电子效率由17．53％提高至27．27％,增益由51．17dB增加至53．09dB。     

Ka波段的新进展:一个10瓦连续波螺旋线型行波管

为了使更高频率的行波管放大器与机载军用设备的和卫星的要求相适应,在改进普通螺旋线行波管技术水平的基础上研制了一种新的行波管。这个行波管在 Ka 波段,在从35到40千兆赫的频率范围内能给出连续波功率10瓦。它代表了螺旋线型周期永磁聚焦行波管当前的最高水平。慢波结构是用精密绕制的钨螺旋线,平均直径0.029英寸,它由四根氧化铍瓷棒夹持。由于选择了低导流系数,因而得到一个适中的5%电子注效率。利用一个有效的单级降压收集极,使效率提高到20%。本文描述行波管的电气的和机械的设计以及高可靠长寿命行波管的主要设计标准。关于螺旋线热性能的分析将和它的制作和组装问题一起另行说明。     

Ka波段二次谐波回旋行波管放大器的研究

二次谐波回旋行波管放大器的互作用磁场比基波回旋行波管放大器的磁场降低了一半,从而降低了设计难度,具有广阔的应用前景。通过对周期介质加载结构的Ka波段二次谐波回旋行波管电子枪、高频结构、模式竞争以及注波互作用研究,确定了Ka波段TE02模二次谐波回旋行波放大器的基本工作参数,通过PIC模拟计算,在电子注电压为90 kV,注电流为25 A时,获得了大于200 kW的输出功率,超过40 dB的增益。     

Ka波段30W空间行波管

介绍了未来星际通讯用Ka波段30W空间行波管的最新研究进展。行波管电子枪采用传统的皮尔斯型电子枪,高频结构采用螺旋线慢波结构和品型夹持结构,为了保证较高的收集极效率,采用四级降压收集极。测试结果表明在工作频带内行波管输出功率超过34.6W,总效率超过47.5%。当行波管工作于低频状态时,行波管总效率超过了50%,已达到目前国外同等功率量级Ka波段空间行波管研究水平。     

V波段空间行波管研制

本文介绍了国内外V波段空间行波管研究进展,给出了作者在V波段空间行波管设计和性能测试结果.V波段空间行波管电子枪采用传统皮尔斯型电子枪,高频采用螺旋线结构,为了提高行波管效率,采用四降压收集极.测试结果表明在工作频带内V波段空间行波管连续波饱和输出功率超过20 W,总效率超过21.8％,行波管动态流通率超过98％,在整个工作频带内行波管饱和增益超过了43 dB.     

Design of a tapered helix for suppressing backward wave oscillations in MMW TWT’s

Backward wave oscillations are easy occurred in high power helix millimeter wave traveling wave tubes (MMW TWT’s), owing to larger ka value and higher operating voltage. The start current of backward wave is calculated for helix TWT in Ka band. It is shown that start current will increase by used a tapered helix. Backward wave oscillations can be suppressed in tube. The design method of the tapered helix is given in this paper.     

A Fast Computation of the Start-Oscillation Current of Backward Wave in MMW HTWT's

Backward wave oscillation can be troublesome in high power helix TWT, especially millimeter wave helix traveling wave tubes (MMW HTWT's). To suppress these oscillations, start-oscillation current of backward wave has to know when MMW HTWT's are designed. A fast computation of the start-oscillation current for MMW HTWT's is presented. It is shown that the computed values are agreed with the experimental results in Ka band.     

低电压、高脉冲输出功率Ka波段行波管研制

应用于毫米波系统的行波管电压低、效率高,本文简要分析了低电压、高脉冲输出功率Ka波段行波管关键技术,介绍了设计方案和制管结果。行波管在17 kV工作电压脉冲输出功率600 W。     

小型化Ka波段行波管研制

小型化毫米波平台要求行波管体积小,行波管各主要部件结构上要进行小型化设计,本文简要介绍了Ka波段行波管小型化的关键和设计方案及制管结果。行波管长度减小了73mm(从230~167 mm)。     

钮销支撑螺旋线慢波结构色散特性及二次谐波抑制研究

寻求频带更宽、输出功率更大、体积更小的螺旋线行波管一直是研制工作的目标,二次谐波是影响宽带行波管工作的重要因素,本文对不同形式介质加载的螺旋线慢波结构进行了模拟,并对其中色散曲线最为平坦的钮销慢波结构进行了一维大信号模拟,证明改变螺距或夹持介质形状可有效展宽带宽、降低二次谐波功率。     

60-GHz space TWT to address future market

The market situation of space traveling wave tubes (TWTs) over the last four years is reviewed. It is exemplified that space TWTs are not only the key components for the traditional frequency ranges in C- and Ku-band, but also for new satellite communication systems as digital audio broadcasting in the lower L- and S-band frequency range and the planned, new global multimedia systems. There, Thomson Tubes Electroniques GmbH (TTEG) has developed the new family of Ka band TWTs, which provide the large bandwidth and power requirements for high data rate transmission. TTEG is also developing 60-GHz TWTs as RF intersatellite-links for global satellite systems. The promising results of the 560 g lightweight, 25 W, broadband helix TWT are mainly reported and the requirements compared with those for a parallel 60 W 60-GHz interdigital line TWT development     

一种高效率多注毫米波行波管的设计模拟

对某Ka波段7注耦合腔行波管慢波系统进行了模拟,分析了多注耦合腔行波管的单腔冷测特性、周期永磁聚焦（PPM）系统以及PPM聚焦系统下的注-波互作用,模拟结果表明：在中心频率34.5GHz处,其饱和输出功率达到829W,增益43.16dB,带宽约1.4GHz,电子效率高达30.37%。     

理论分析毫米波螺旋线行波管慢波系统导体和介质损耗

该文基于夹持杆分层螺旋带模型和3维电磁场模型分析,详细研究了毫米波螺旋线行波管慢波系统的导体和介质损耗。螺旋带模型中介质损耗考虑为纵向传播常数的虚部,给出电磁场的解析解,导体损耗由螺旋线和管壳表面的面电流不连续性获得。3维电磁场模型分析通过本征模法,求解单周期结构的品质因数和周期储能,获得有限导电率导体和夹持杆陶瓷损耗角带来的慢波系统高频损耗。结果表明,毫米波段螺旋线的导体损耗和夹持杆的介质损耗远大于管壳导体损耗,介质损耗与陶瓷损耗角呈线性关系,对高频损耗的影响不可忽略。     

The effect of helix loss on noise figure in traveling-wave tubes

Helix loss increases the noise figure of a TWT by altering the amplifying properties of the tube, and also by acting as a source of thermal noise which is amplified by interaction with the beam. Noise power originating in the helix propagates as a wave and undergoes amplification in the same manner as the signal. This noise power adds to the noise figure of the tube by an amount proportional to the attenuation of the helix and to its temperature, and inversely proportional to the tube gain per unit length. The effect of refrigerating the helix has been demonstrated by several experiments in which low-noise TWT's were immersed in liquid nitrogen while monitoring the noise figure. The reduction in noise figure varied from a few tenths to nearly one db. One case of particular interest is that of a WJ-226 low-noise TWT, operating in the frequency band 1.4 to 2.3 Gc, which showed a minimum noise figure of 2.6 db when operating in a room temperature environment. On cooling the tube to liquid nitrogen temperature, a minimum noise figure of 1.7 db was obtained, at a frequency of 1.65 Gc.     

Analysis of the methods to increase the output power and frequency of the broadband TWTs

The limitations on the output power and operating frequency of the broadband TWTs resulting from a relatively low thermal stability of helix and the self-excitation at the backward wave at a operating voltage of greater than 10 kV are considered. The analysis yields the methods to overcome limitations: the application of a bifilar helix with the azimuthally conducting rings and the application of combined metal-dielectric supports that allow a simultaneous improvement of the heat removal from the helix and an increase in the TWT band. It is demonstrated that a decrease in the slowing caused by the rings and a smaller period of the bifilar helix make it possible to shift the threshold of the self-excitation at the backward wave to 30–40 kV.