电子器件

0309376翼片加载螺旋线慢波结构的螺旋带模型[刊]/张勇//强激光与粒子束.—2002,14(6).—887～891(K)翼片加载螺旋线慢波结构广泛应用于大功率、宽频带行波管中,建立了翼片加载螺旋线慢波结构的螺旋带模型,得到了实用的色散方程、耦合阻抗和衰减常数的表达式。利用导出的方程对实际行波管螺旋慢波结构进行计算,井与测量结果和导电面模型进行了比较,计算结果与测量结果具有良好的一致性。分析了不同管壳半径对色散特性的影响。参8     

螺旋线行波管慢波结构热特性计算专用软件开发

针对行波管慢波结构热分析的必要性,介绍了螺旋线慢波结构的热产生机理,结合ANSYS软件设计了可对不同翼片加载和不同形状夹持杆的螺旋线慢波结构进行热特性分析的专用仿真环境。利用该仿真环境,用户可以在不掌握ANSYS软件的情况下对螺旋线行波管慢波结构的热特性进行模拟计算。     

形杆夹持翼片加载螺旋线的色散特性

Ｖ形杆夹持、翼片加载的螺旋线慢波结构很适合于宽频带行波管应用。本文对不同的翼片加载结构的色散特性进行了计算，计算数据与实验测量结果一致性较好。最后讨论了Ｖ形杆与圆形杆夹持时的介质负载和色散特性。     

S、C、X波段螺旋线慢波结构的宽频带行波管研究

为满足现代信息化战争对宽带行波管的需求,对S、C、X波段螺旋线行波管慢波结构的性能进行了研究分析。为适应宽频带要求,选用了带有T形加载翼片以及品形氮化硼夹持杆的螺旋线慢波结构;通过采用动态速度渐变技术,得到了较高的电子效率,并根据仿真计算结果成功研制出了S、C、X波段螺旋线行波管样管。     

翼片加载螺旋线慢波结构色散和耦合阻抗的测量与模拟

运用非谐振微扰法，利用Aglient8510C矢量网络分析仪对两个不同翼片加载螺旋线慢波结构的色散和耦合阻抗特性进行了测试。运用HFSS软件对实验中两个被测的螺旋线慢波结构进行建模，分别计算了它们的色散和耦合阻抗特性，在模拟中考虑了空间谐波对耦合阻抗的影响。结果表明，模拟与实验的色散和耦合阻抗有较好的一致性。     

几种典型翼片加载螺旋线行波管色散及返波特性研究

利用德国CST公司商业电磷仿真软件微波工作室（Microwave Studio）对几种典型翼片加载螺旋线行波管的冷色散进行了计算，对基波和返波色散曲线进行了数值拟合，给出了相应的返波振荡频率及其该频率下的基波和返波的耦合阻抗。本文还分析了两种常见翼片加载结构翼片与螺旋线间距变化对基波色散、返波振荡频率及相应耦合阻抗的影响。     

螺旋线行波管中场的数值分析

该文对螺旋线行波管中的场进行了数值分析。研究表明数值求解时主从边界条件的位置决定场传播的方向,螺旋线旋转方向决定场的旋转变化方向。螺旋线外各类夹持杆和翼片对螺旋线内部场分布影响很小,场基本随贝塞尔函数分布,但耦合阻抗变化较大,这主要是由于场受螺旋线外结构影响而影响功率分配。同时,对场的各次空间谐波的研究,特别是零次和负一次空间谐波,有利于准确地求解各次空间谐波的耦合阻抗,对提高螺旋线行波管放大器和返波振荡的大信号注波互作用计算的准确性有重要的意义。     

V形杆夹持翼片加载螺旋线的色散特性

Ｖ形杆夹持、翼片加载的螺旋线但波结构很适合于宽频带行波管应用。本文对不同的翼片加载结构的色散特性进行了计算，计算数据与实验测量结果一致性较好。最后讨论了Ｖ形杆与圆形杆夹待时的介质负载和色散特性。     

钮销支撑螺旋线慢波结构色散特性及二次谐波抑制研究

寻求频带更宽、输出功率更大、体积更小的螺旋线行波管一直是研制工作的目标,二次谐波是影响宽带行波管工作的重要因素,本文对不同形式介质加载的螺旋线慢波结构进行了模拟,并对其中色散曲线最为平坦的钮销慢波结构进行了一维大信号模拟,证明改变螺距或夹持介质形状可有效展宽带宽、降低二次谐波功率。     

宽带行波管螺旋线慢波结构耦合阻抗的计算

金属翼片加载螺旋线电路是多倍频程行波管中广泛应用的慢波结构。本文对这种宽频带慢波结构的重要参量──耦合用抗进行了计算，在很宽的频率范围内，理论计算结果与发表的实验值相当吻合。     

Study on Effects of Different Metallic Vane-Loaded Helix Slow-Wave Structures in Traveling-Wave Tubes

The effects of different metallic vane-loaded helix slow-wave structures of a traveling-wave tube are proposed based on the analysis of the Fourier expansions of the exterior region with metallic vanes. The influences of the metallic vanes dimensions on the phase velocity and interaction impedance are considered in detail. The computed data is compared with the reference data in the 0−16 GHz frequency range with a good consistency. The analytical results reveal that the method of using Fourier expansions can contribute effectively to the reducing of the error between the theoretical and experimented data (around 1.2%). By analyzing the computed results, the performances of the helix slow-wave structure, with T-shaped metallic vanes are superior to the sector-shaped with the same designed parameters. Adjustments can be made to the outer radius of T-shaped metallic vanes which then control the dispersion relation showing either negative or positive, and it is similar to sector-shaped vanes by adjusting its inner radius. And with increasing the distance between the helix and metallic vanes, the dispersion characteristics and interaction impedance of the helix slow-wave structure with T-shaped/sector-shaped metallic vane are all improved.     

考虑螺带厚度的纵向导体加载螺旋慢波特性分析

考虑非翼片区角向高次模式以及螺带厚度,运用场匹配方法参考脊加载环板慢波结构的边界条件推导得到翼片加载螺旋慢波结构的色散特性方程;并运用MAFIA软件对该结构进行模拟计算,将理论结果与模拟计算进行比较,其误差范围基本满足设计精度的要求,并讨论了不同翼片结构参数对色散特性的影响,为各种类型的翼片加载螺旋慢波特性的计算提供了一种参考方法。     

Analysis of a U-shaped vane-loaded helical slow-wave structure for wideband travelling-wave tubes

The dispersion equation and interaction impedance of a U-shaped vane-loaded helical slow-wave structure (SWS) is obtained by considering the azimuthal space harmonic in the non-vane region and the helical tape thickness, using the field theory matching method in the azimuthal field discontinuity. The theoretical calculation by electromagnetic analysis is consistent with the simulation result by MAFIA, which can explain some physical essence of the SWS. In the helical SWS, negative dispersion is reported to reduce the second harmonic content of a wideband travelling-wave tube at the low-frequency end of the band. When the SWS is assembled, the support rods are easily located in the groove of the vane. The solution provides a new instruction method for other types of vane-loaded helical SWS.     

双注多翼片加载的角向夹持角度对数曲折线慢波结构

针对角向夹持的角度对数周期曲折线慢波结构,提出了展宽其工作带宽、降低其工作电压的新方法.通过翼片加载技术,可以对慢波结构的色散特性进行修正,从而使得其带宽得到有效展宽.通过数值模拟仿真,得到无翼片加载的慢波结构以及多翼片加载的慢波结构的3 dB带宽分别为2. 5 GHz、3 GHz,工作电压分别为5 450 V、4 650 V.研究表明,翼片加载结构可以有效降低角度对数周期曲折线慢波结构的工作电压,以及展宽其工作带宽.     

Analysis of an azimuthally periodic vane-loaded cylindrical waveguide for a gyro-travelling-wave tube

A cylindrical waveguide, provided with wedge-shaped metal vanes projecting radially inward from the wall of the guide, excited in the transverse electric (TE) mode, was analysed. The analysis was carried out considering the angular harmonics generated by the angular positioning of the vanes. A set of equations was generated in the Fourier amplitudes of field constants. The condition for nontrivial solutions for the field constants gave the dispersion relation of the structure. From the expression of power flow down the structure, its interaction impedance was also estimated. The shape of the dispersion characteristics and the value of the cutoff frequency as well as the interaction impedance characteristics of the waveguide were found to depend on the vane parameters their number as well as their radial and angular dimensions. The optimum vane parameters were obtained corresponding to the minimum variation of the slope of the ω-β dispersion plot, such parameters being useful from the standpoint of the bandwidth of a gyro-travelling-wave tube (gyro-TWT) using a vane-loaded cylindrical waveguide as the interaction structure. The dispersion and impedance characteristics, which were found typically for the TE₀₁ mode as defined for the structure, taking four vanes, were more sensitive to the number and angular width of the vanes than to their radial depth. The value of the interaction impedance, calculated at the potential beam position, was found to be higher for a loaded waveguide than for an unloaded one, and it depended on the frequency of operation relative to the cutoff. The interaction impedance also depended on the position of the beam relative to the waveguide wall where it was estimated, and hence the optimum beam position corresponding to the maximum interaction impedance was found. The theory was validated against the dispersion characteristics reported elsewhere typically for four-vane magnetron-like structures excited in the 2π mode. Although the present study was restricted to ‘cold’ analysis of the structure in the absence of the electron beam, it could provide important feedback for analysing a gyro-TWT, using a vane-loaded cylindrical waveguide, and hence for predicting the structure parameters for the wide-band performance of the device.     

Optimum Design of a Potentially Dispersion-Free Helical Slow-Wave Circuit of a Broad-Band TWT (Short Paper)

The results of an equivalent circuit analysis are studied for a potentially dispersion-free slow-wave circuit of a TWT which consists of a dielectric-supported helix in a metal shell provided with vanes. The optimum vane dimensions are predicted, which should be helpful in broadbanding the performance of a TWT.     

磁绝缘线振荡器的冷腔研究

高频结构的设计是磁绝缘线振荡器（Magnetically Insulated Line Oscillator，MILO）实验成败的关键。本文利用电磁场程序研究了L波段硬管MILO的冷腔设计，对其本征模、品质因数、传输增益等冷腔的重要参数进行了计算和讨论，验证了L波段硬管MILO高频电磁结构的合理设计，并通过品质因数的计算对选用不同材料对器件的影响进行了讨论。     

GAIN AND BANDWIDTH ANALYSIS OF A VANE-LOADED GYRO-TWT

Theoretical investigation of the peak-gain and 3-dB bandwidth of the vane-loaded gyro-traveling wave tube (gyro-TWT) amplifier in the small-orbit TE₀₁ waveguide mode configuration at 35 GHz has been presented. The vane-loaded gyro-TWT enjoys higher gain and bandwidth compared to that of the smooth-wall device. In the analysis, the azimuthal harmonic effects generated due to the angular periodicity of vanes in the wedge-shaped metal vane-loaded cylindrical waveguide interaction structure have been taken into account in the cold (beam-absent) dispersion relation only.