人早幼粒白血病细胞裸鼠异种移植模型的傅里叶变换红外光谱探索

应用傅里叶变换红外光谱法对HL-60(人早幼粒白血病细胞)裸鼠异种移植模型癌变及癌旁正常组织粉末样品进行了分析研究.结果表明:(1)甲基CH3和蛋白质分子C-O峰在癌变组织中均有不同程度的频移,(2)正常组织的红外光谱在1746 cm-1处存在较强的吸收峰,而在肿瘤中只有较弱的吸收峰或观察不到吸收峰,(3)癌变组织核酸分子磷酸二脂基团PO2-的对称伸缩振动的相对吸收强度明显增强,(4)正常组织中脂类分子弯曲振动谱带吸收峰相对强度明显强于甲基变角振动谱带的相对强度,而在癌变组织中这两处吸收峰的相对强度大小基本相等.说明傅里叶变换红外光谱法可以用于对裸鼠癌变组织进行鉴别诊断,利用动物异种移植模型进行红外光谱分析可成为肿瘤红外光谱研究的一种新方法.     

肺癌组织红外光谱的统计分析

使用统计的方法,应用傅里叶变换红外光谱法对肺癌及癌旁正常组织粉末样品的红外光谱进行了统计分析.结果表明,肺癌组织和癌旁正常组织的红外光谱有显著的差异性:3306cm-1处的N-H峰在肺癌组织中向低频移动了约3cm-1;1167cm-1处的C-OH伸缩振动谱带在肺癌组织中向高波数移动约6cm-1;1080cm-l处的PO-2对称伸缩振动谱带在肺癌组织中向高波数移动约4cm-1.体现了在肺癌组织中细胞形态和组织结构发生的变化,说明傅里叶变换红外光谱法可以用于对良、恶性肺部组织鉴别诊断.     

肺癌组织的红外光谱研究

应用傅里叶变换红外光谱法对肺癌及癌旁正常组织粉末样品进行了分析,结果表明, 肺癌组织和癌旁正常组织的红外光谱表现出较大的差异性: N2H峰在肺癌组织中向低波数频移, 1536cm- 1处蛋白质酰胺Ⅱ带与1169cm- 1处蛋白质分子C2OH伸缩振动谱带在肺癌组织中向高波数频移; CH2 和CH3 的相对强度比值I2854 / I2872及I2929 / I2959在正常组织中的比值要比肺癌组织中的比值明显减小;肺癌组织中核酸分子磷酸二脂基团PO2- 的对称伸缩振动的相对吸收强度明显增强;正常组织中脂类分子弯曲振动谱带吸收峰相对强度明显强于甲基变角振动谱带的相对强度,而在肺癌组织中这两处吸收峰的相对强度大小基本相等。说明傅里叶变换红外光谱法可用于对良、恶性肺部组织进行鉴别诊断,有希望发展成为肺癌快速诊断的一种新方法。     

大白鼠乳腺药物致癌的傅里叶红外光谱研究

运用傅里叶变换红外光谱技术对二甲基苯蒽(DMBA)药物致乳腺癌的大白鼠的正常、增生和癌变组织进行了检测.其分析结果表明:大白鼠乳腺正常与癌变组织的红外光谱存在着明显差异.某些特征谱带(如:1745cm-1,1378cm-1,1465cm-1,970cm-1)发生频移,谱带强度发生改变.探讨这些差异为医生进一步研究人乳腺癌变的机理提供了一些依据.     

肺癌组织拉曼光谱的统计分析

使用统计的方法,应用激光显微拉曼光谱法对肺癌变及癌旁正常组织冰冻切片进行了分析研究.结果表明,肺癌组织和癌旁正常组织的拉曼光谱有显著的差异性正常肺组织切片的1392 cm-1附近的C-H变形振动在癌变组织光谱中向高波数移动约6 cm-1;1523 cm-1脂类类胡萝卜素的C=C振动谱带在癌变组织光谱中向高波数移动约3 cm-1;体现在肺癌组织中细胞形态和组织结构发生的变化,说明拉曼光谱法可以用于对良、恶性肺部组织进行鉴别诊断.     

应用FTIR技术对肺癌疾病的研究

我们运用傅里叶变换红外光谱技术对15例肺癌及其癌旁正常组织进行了测定。结果表明，正常和肺癌组织的FTIR光谱存在着显著差异。主要集中在磷酸单脂和二脂基团，膜脂质末端甲基和亚甲基振动，蛋白质酰胺Ⅱ带和酰胺Ⅰ带及蛋白质分子丝氨酸，苏氨酸，酪氨酸残基的C-O（H）振动等。实验结果说明，FTIR技术可以成为诊断肺癌疾病的一种快速方法。     

肺癌切片的拉曼光谱分析

应用激光显微拉曼光谱法对肺癌变及癌旁正常组织冰冻切片进行了分析研究.结果表明:正常肺组织切片的1392cm-1附近的C-H变形振动在癌变组织光谱中向高波数移动约6cm-1;1523cm-1脂类类胡萝卜素的C=C振动谱带在癌变组织光谱中向高波数移动约3cm-1;在正常组织中1610cm-1处谱带的强度明显强于1526cm-1处谱带的强度,而在癌变组织中则正好相反.说明肺部正常和癌变组织的激光显微拉曼光谱有显著差异,这些差异有可能成为组织癌变的判据.     

关于癌变细胞红外光谱测定方法的研究

利用傅里叶红外光谱（ＦＴＩＲ）高分辨手段，对正常人的细胞和宫颈癌患者的细胞进行了对比研究，初步得出此方法能在分子水平上揭示出肿瘤细胞与正常细胞的差别，并通过谱图解析，可直接阐明引起谱图变化的主要原因、细胞癌变的可能机理，从而做到对癌程进行预测和肿瘤疾病的早期诊断。     

病害烟叶的傅里叶变换红外光谱研究

利用傅里叶变换红外光谱法研究了正常烟叶和四种病害烟叶,结果显示,它们的红外光谱主要由蛋白质、脂类化合物及多糖的振动吸收谱带组成。烟叶光谱整体相似,仅在1800～750 cm-1范围,正常烟叶和病害烟叶的光谱峰位、峰形及吸收强度比有一定差异。为了提高光谱灵敏度,对光谱进行二阶导数相关性分析,五个样品的二阶导数光谱在1750～1500 cm-1和1200～950 cm-1范围内的相关系数差异明显,表明五种烟叶样品所含化学成分或各成分相对含量各不相同,即病害影响烟叶的化学成分。正常烟叶的吸收强度比A1025/     

无背景遥感FT-IR干涉图特征信息提取方法

为改进环境监测方法，结合遥感辐射传输模型，介绍了被动遥感傅里叶变换红外干涉图特征信息提取方法。该算法可直接对污染气体的遥感傅里叶变换红外干涉图进行处理，并利用数字带通滤波器压缩背景红外辐射及其他干扰物质。实现了目标特征信息的有效提取，无需对原始干涉图做傅里叶变换即可获得光谱，特别是无需使用背景光谱获得差谱或者比谱，克服了必须测量干净背景谱的限制。实验结果表明，经过特征信息提取的干涉图可用于模式识别和定量分析，效果良好。     

超声微泡介导野生型P53基因转染鼠视网膜母细胞瘤的实验研究

目的:探讨超声微泡造影剂在一定强度的超声波照射下介导野生型p53(wtp53)基因转染荷瘤小鼠的可行性,为实现外源基因高效,定向的转移目的奠定基础。方法:将12只BAlB/C(nu/nu)裸小鼠双眼玻璃体腔接种HXO-Rb44细胞,造模成功后,将动物随机分为2组,第1组于尾静脉注入含质粒的微泡造影剂;第2组尾静脉注射质粒与微泡的混合液,并立即以0.5W/cm2〔1〕的超声波辐照小鼠眼球60s,工作时间控制为20%。转染7天后,处死动物,摘除眼球,RT-PCR检测wtp53基因的表达情况。结果:超声照射组动物的肿瘤组织中均检测到wtp53的mRNA表达,而未照射组动物肿瘤组织中未检测到mRNA的表达。结论:超声微泡能使外源基因wtp53高效的转染小鼠RB肿瘤组织。     

Two-dimensional FDTD analysis of a pulsed microwave confocal systemfor breast cancer detection: fixed-focus and antenna-array sensors

A novel focused active microwave system is investigated for detecting tumors in the breast. In contrast to X-ray and ultrasound modalities, the method reviewed here exploits the breast-tissue physical properties unique to the microwave spectrum, namely, the translucent nature of normal breast tissues and the high dielectric contrast between malignant tumors and surrounding lesion-free normal breast tissues. The system uses a pulsed confocal technique and time-gating to enhance the detection of tumors while suppressing the effects of tissue heterogeneity and absorption. Using published data for the dielectric properties of normal breast tissues and malignant tumors, the authors have conducted a two-dimensional (2-D) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) computational electromagnetics analysis of the system. The FDTD simulations showed that tumors as small as 2 mm in diameter could be robustly detected in the presence of the background clutter generated by the heterogeneity of the surrounding normal tissue. Lateral spatial resolution of the tumor location was found to be about 0.5 cm     

Immunohistochemical and radiologic study of the accumulation of antibodies to the beta-1-MA antigen in human tumors transplanted into athymic mice

Human tumours and tissues of nude mice were studied immunohistochemically using rabbit antibody to the beta-1-MA. Specific reaction was observed in colonic carcinomas, beta-1-MA was not found in other tumours. The specific reaction was found in intestinal epithelium of nude mice, and was absent in other tissues. 131I-labelled antibody to the beta-1-MA was intravenously administered to tumour-bearing nude mice. Specifically connected antibodies were revealed by immunohistochemical method in colonic carcinomas only. Radioimmunological investigation has shown accumulation of 131I-labelled antibodies to the beta-1-MA in colonic carcinomas.     

Plasminogen activators in malignant tissues and lungs of mice during metastatic spreading and administration of various pharmacological agents

The method of fibrin plates and electrophoresis in PAAG was used to study the activity and forms of plasminogen activators (PA) in extracts of normal tissues (muscle, lungs) as well as of the malignant tumours and the lungs of mice during metastatic spreading and under certain drugs (trielin and cyclophosphane). It was stated that determination of the specific activity level of plasminogen activator in a target organ (lungs) may be used as one of the indices during evaluation of the antimetastatic effect.     

Several peculiarities of hexokinase of malignant and benign tumors in man

The total activity and isoenzyme spectrum of hexokinase (HK) were investigated in normal tissues as well as malignant and benign tumours of man. Electrophoresis in agar gel has revealed that the normal tissues are usually characterized by HK-I. In malignant tumours HK-II and additional anode fractions of KH-II and HK-III were observed. The HK isoenzyme spectrum in the benign tumours was similar to those of homologous normal tissues. The values of the HK-II/HK-I ratio were higher in the malignant tumours as compared with the benign tumours and normal tissues. These results may be used for diagnosis. Changes in the isoenzyme spectrum do not depend on histological structure of tumours, are secondary and depend on tumour progression.     

近红外激光拉曼技术在体探测胃癌腹膜播散

以腹膜接种人胃癌细胞SGC-7901的裸鼠为胃癌腹膜播散的动物模型,进行模拟外科手术,在体探测不同种植期的裸鼠腹膜癌结节及正常腹膜组织的激光拉曼光谱,对比光谱差异,采用支持向量机(SVM)算法对光谱进行分类和分期判决。结果表明,癌结节和正常组织拉曼光谱差异显著,用支持向量机算法进行分类的灵敏度、特异度和诊断准确度分别为95.73%、70.73%和90.73%;不同生长期的癌结节组织拉曼光谱也存在明显差异,用支持向量机算法进行分期的结果分别为98.82%、98.73%和98.78%。从分类结果可以看出,此方法对指导外科手术中癌变组织的识别有重要的意义。