共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 343 毫秒
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详细介绍无线传感器网络(WSN)的两种代表性协议:信息协商传感器(SPIN)协议和低能量自适应分簇路由(LEACH)协议的概念、原理和优缺点.提出路由协议中需要进一步解决的问题.改进的WSN路由算法应尽可能降低节点能耗.以延长网络生存时间. 相似文献
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无线传感器网络(Wireless Sensor Network,WSN)一般由部署在监测区域内大量廉价微型传感器节点组成,通过无线通信方式形成一个多跳(mutli hop)的自组织(self organizing)网络系统。MAC层协议设计是无线传感器网络设计中的一个重要研究方面,通过对当前众多MAC协议的研究,提出了一种无线传感器网络MAC层协议的分类方法,通过分析比较典型的MAC层协议,给出了MAC层协议设计的评价标准。 相似文献
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无线传感器网络被广泛应(wireless sensor network,WSN)用于军事战场、环境监测等外部环境比较恶劣领域。又因为无线传感器网络依赖于无线通信,WSN节点资源受限,所以WSN安全问题相当突出。本文关注的是WSN中位置隐私保护问题,其中对源位置隐私保护进行了重点研究。文章首先对WSN的隐私保护问题进行了简单分类介绍,接着总结介绍了几种典型的源节点隐私保护方案,最后对评价源节点位置隐私保护协议有效性的协议度量标准进行了归纳总结。 相似文献
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介绍了一种采用移动代理的无线传感器(WSN)网络,该网络系统由移动代理节点负责复杂数据处理、接入处理、数据转发传输、路由维护等工作,与一般WSN网络相比具有节能优势。该网络系统MAC层采用S-ALOHA协议,不仅网络吞吐量低而且能耗大,依据网络结构特点提出了采用基于信噪比(SNR)的信道Sift协议。仿真验证该协议大大提高了网络吞吐量和降低了网络系统能耗。 相似文献
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如何节约能量,一直是无线传感器网络(WSN)的关键问题.通过将能量问题与无线传感器网络的通信协议进行结合,在低能量自适应聚类(LEACH)协议的基础上进行可行的改进,并采用NS2进行仿真验证.仿真结果表明,与原来的协议LEACH相比,改进后的协议L-NEW能有效地平衡节点能量消耗,延长了网络的生存时间. 相似文献
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无线传感器网络(Wireless Sensor Network, WSN)节点规模大、部署场合多样,现场更新较为困难。为实现无线传感器的远程灵活配置,同时满足其低成本、低功耗要求,提出一种基于现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Arrays, FPGA)的远程可重构无线传感器设计方法。该方法在ZigBee网络基础上自定义远程访问协议和无线上传算法,并通过XBee模块进行远程通信;无需外部控制芯片或内部软核处理器,直接将接收到的配置信息通过FPGA传感器内部顶层状态机和ICAPE2原语写入FLASH配置空间,经多重校验后启动重构命令完成无线传感器节点的远程更新。实验针对6个传感器节点进行远程更新验证,结果表明,该方法相比于同类FPGA远程重构方法具有更低的功耗和更少的资源消耗,适用于大规模WSN节点的远程更新配置。 相似文献
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无线传感器网络是一种由大量廉价微型传感器节点组成,并通过无线通信方式形成的多跳自组织网络,可用于对其部署区域的某些物理量进行智能监测。由于传感器节点数目较大,MAC协议是保证无线传感器网络高效通信的关键网络协议之一。另一方面,因为传感器节点受到电源能量有限、通信能力有限、计算和存储能力有限等现实条件的限制,传感器网络中的MAC协议又具有一些独特之处。对无线传感器网络MAC协议的研究现状进行较全面的考察,分析比较其中的几种典型MAC协议,并提出了该领域的发展趋势和未来工作的一些思路。 相似文献
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媒质接入控制是无线传感器网络设计的关键问题之一.由于媒质接入控制协议直接控制着节点无线通信模块的活动,而无线通信模块是传感器节点能量消耗的主要来源,因此MAC协议节能效率的好坏将严重影响网络的性能.基于TDMA的MAC协议具有固有的节能特性,即通过合理的TDMA调度避免传输碰撞以及减少节点空闲监听的时间.本文提出了ED-TDMA协议,一种面向事件驱动的传感器网络应用的TDMA协议.该协议根据当前源节点的数目动态地改变TDMA帧的长度,提高了信道利用率;同时采用位图方式的TDMA调度,极大地减少了TDMA调度的开销,节约了能量.此外,通过引入簇内覆盖的思想,使得簇内的活动节点数目为一常数,同时减少了工作节点的数目,从而延长网络的生命周期,并在一定程度上提高了系统的可伸缩性.实验结果显示,ED-TDMA协议更适用于网络负载较低、节点密度高的无线传感器网络. 相似文献
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A cognitive radio sensor network (CRSN) is a promising fusion network that combines conventional wireless sensor network (WSN) with cognitive radio (CR) functionalities. With abilities to sense for available channels and to adapt to the radio environment, a CRSN is able to be more opportunistic in accessing spectrums than a WSN, but it also has problems due to hardware constraints and energy limitations. In many studies on distributed CR MAC protocols, establishing dedicated control channels (DCCs) has been considered as an important problem because it is essentially used for coordination and negotiation of spectrum assignments. However, directly applying DCCs into CRSNs is impractical, due to its high-cost complexity in hardware and deployment. To solve it, in this paper we propose a distributed MAC protocol using virtual control channels for CRSNs, in which CR sensor nodes called secondary users are grouped into clusters, and commonly shared available channels are utilized as virtual DCCs. In addition, a channel selection scheme is developed, based on an approximated partially observable Markov decision process. Our numerical simulation results indicate that the proposed MAC protocol can not only improve the throughput rate but also reduce the energy consumption under no DCCs. 相似文献
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在无线传感网( WSN)体系结构中,介质访问控制( MAC)协议负责调配网络中节点的信道接入,具有保障网络高效通信的重要作用。混合类MAC 协议综合了竞争类MAC 协议以及调度类MAC协议的特点,在融合两种机制的优点的同时克服其缺点,为无线信道资源的分配提供了更加灵活和全面的策略。首先概述了无线传感网MAC协议设计要点及分类,然后重点分析了无线传感网中经典的混合类MAC协议及国内外前沿的研究进展,并进一步归纳对比了各协议运行机制、性能及不足,得出混合类MAC协议的应用相关性及差异性的结论,最后总结了无线传感网混合类MAC协议研究现状并指出了未来的研究重点,以期为相关领域的研究人员提供参考。 相似文献
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Power management is an important issue in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) because wireless sensor nodes are usually battery powered, and an efficient use of the available battery power becomes an important concern specially for those applications where the system is expected to operate for long durations. This necessity for energy efficient operation of a WSN has prompted the development of new protocols in all layers of the communication stack. Provided that, the radio transceiver is the most power consuming component of a typical sensor node, large gains can be achieved at the link layer where the medium access control (MAC) protocol controls the usage of the radio transceiver unit. MAC protocols for sensor networks differ greatly from typical wireless networks access protocols in many issues. MAC protocols for sensor networks must have built‐in power conservation, mobility management, and failure recovery strategies. Furthermore, sensor MAC protocols should make performance trade‐off between latency and throughput for a reduction in energy consumption to maximize the lifetime of the network. This is in general achieved through duty cycling the radio transceiver. Many MAC protocols with different objectives were proposed for wireless sensor networks in the literature. Most of these protocols take into account the energy efficiency as a main objective. There is much more innovative work should be done at the MAC layer to address the hard unsolved problems. In this paper, we first outline and discuss the specific requirements and design trade‐offs of a typical wireless sensor MAC protocol by describing the properties of WSN that affect the design of MAC layer protocols. Then, a typical collection of wireless sensor MAC protocols presented in the literature are surveyed, classified, and described emphasizing their advantages and disadvantages whenever possible. Finally, we present research directions and identify open issues for future medium access research. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Spatial correlation-based collaborative medium access control in wireless sensor networks 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are mainly characterized by dense deployment of sensor nodes which collectively transmit information about sensed events to the sink. Due to the spatial correlation between sensor nodes subject to observed events, it may not be necessary for every sensor node to transmit its data. This paper shows how the spatial correlation can be exploited on the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first effort which exploits spatial correlation in WSN on the MAC layer. A theoretical framework is developed for transmission regulation of sensor nodes under a distortion constraint. It is shown that a sensor node can act as a representative node for several other sensor nodes observing the correlated data. Based on the theoretical framework, a distributed, spatial Correlation-based Collaborative Medium Access Control (CC-MAC) protocol is then designed which has two components: Event MAC (E-MAC) and Network MAC (N-MAC). E-MAC filters out the correlation in sensor records while N-MAC prioritizes the transmission of route-thru packets. Simulation results show that CC-MAC achieves high performance in terms energy, packet drop rate, and latency. 相似文献
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A Detailed Review of Multi-Channel Medium Access Control Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
GholamHossein EkbataniFard Reza Monsefi 《International Journal of Wireless Information Networks》2012,19(1):1-21
Most applications of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) assume the presence of single-channel Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols.
In the usual dense deployment of the sensor networks, single-channel MAC protocols may be deficient because of radio collisions
and limited bandwidth. Hence, using multiple channels can significantly improve the performance of WSN. Recent developments
in sensor technology, as seen in Crossbow’s MICAz Mote, Rockwell’s WINS nodes and IEEE 802.15.4 Zigbee, have enabled support
for multi-channel communications. Several multi-channel MAC protocols with different objectives have been proposed for WSNs
in literature. This paper surveys and classifies the state-of-the-art multi-channel MAC protocols that are proposed for WSNs.
It first outlines the sensor network properties that are crucial for designing a MAC protocol. It subsequently reviews the
existent challenges to design a good multi-channel MAC protocol for the sensor networks. Then, several multi-channel MAC protocols
specifically proposed for the WSNs are inspected in detail and compared with each other. Finally, some open issues in this
area are outlined for future research. 相似文献
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Designing energy-efficient Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols has a significant influence on the energy performance of wireless sensor network (WSN). In this paper we present a survey of the recent typical MAC protocols regarding energy effi ciency for WSN. According to channel access policies, we classify these protocols into four categories:contention-based, TDMA-based, hybrid, and cross layer protocols, in which the advantages and disadvantages in each class of MAC protocols are discussed. Finally, we point out open research issues that need to carry on to achieve high energy efficiency for the design of MAC protocols in WSN. 相似文献