利用粉煤灰处理废水

论文对粉煤灰处理废水的机理、粉煤灰在处理城市污水、工业废水、含重金属离子、含PO34-废水等的有效应用以及改性粉煤灰对废水处理的作用进行了介绍。同时提出提高粉煤灰吸附容量,妥善处理吸附饱和灰是当前急需解决的问题。     

粉煤灰合成沸石吸附含铬废水中3价铬的研究

为解决高浓度含铬废水带来的危害,采用室内静态试验方法,利用粉煤灰合成沸石作为吸附剂对含铬废水进行吸附试验研究。试验结果表明,粉煤灰合成沸石对初始质量浓度100mg/L,pH值9.07的含3价铬废水,在投加量为15g、吸附时间为60min时,处理效果最佳,去除率可达99.62%,pH值适应范围为6.0~10.0。研究结果为工业企业处理高浓度含3价铬废水提供可靠的实验参数。     

碱溶粉煤灰对废水中六价铬的吸附试验研究

用氢氧化钠溶液对粉煤灰进行碱溶处理,并通过粉末X射线衍射光谱(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对碱溶前后粉煤灰的物质组成和形貌进行表征,研究了粉煤灰和碱溶粉煤灰对废水中六价铬(Cr6+)的吸附性能.试验结果表明:碱溶粉煤灰结构松散,同时含有大量沸石分子筛的晶体结构;碱溶粉煤灰对废水中Cr6+吸附容量大于普通粉煤灰,在碱溶粉煤灰质量浓度为15 g/L,反应时间30 min,pH值为5～6,反应温度在25～35 ℃时,碱溶粉煤灰对质量浓度50 mg/L的含Cr6+废水去除率可达88.56%,其吸附模型符合Langmuir模型,最大吸附容量达23.59 mg/g,吸附强度为0.043 5 L/mg.碱溶粉煤灰对废水中Cr6+的吸附是粉煤灰组分和新生的沸石分子筛组分共同作用的结果.     

芬顿试剂和粉煤灰沸石协同处理柠檬酸废水的试验研究

本文对粉煤灰沸石处理芬顿试剂氧化后的柠檬酸废水进行工艺条件试验,考察了温度、粉煤灰沸石投加量、吸附时间对处理效果的影响,并对芬顿试剂单独处理和与粉煤灰沸石协同处理的效果进行了对比。结果表明,在温度为20℃、粉煤灰沸石质量浓度为3g/l、吸附30min时,废水中的CODcr去除率达到97.26%,在处理的效率和稳定性方面,均优于芬顿试剂单独处理。     

改性粉煤灰吸附处理含铜废水研究

采用高分子絮凝剂聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(PDMDAAC)对粉煤灰进行改性,通过正交试验研究改性粉煤灰处理含铜废水。实验结果表明:改性粉煤灰用量为3.0g,吸附平衡时间90 min,pH=10时,铜去除率可达97%。该工艺简单,以废治废,成本低廉,具有良好的应用前景。     

活化沸石去除水中磷化物的研究

选用甘肃某地产天然沸石 ,经活化后处理含磷废水。研究了沸石活化的最佳条件 ,活化沸石处理含磷废水的各种影响因素 ,并在此基础上 ,研究了活化沸石对实际废水的处理效果。研究结果表明 :活化沸石能有效去除生活污水中的磷化物 ,但对以聚磷化物为主的含磷废水处理效果不甚理想 ;最佳除磷条件是 :沸石粒径 0 .5～ 1.6 mm,废水 p H值 4～ 12 ,含磷浓度 30 mg/ L,滤速3m/ h     

粉煤灰水热法提硅合成沸石工艺研究

以粉煤灰为原料,研究了水热反应时间对粉煤灰转变产物、溶液中Si1-浓度和制备A型沸石的影响,结果表明:80℃、水热6天,合成了含P型沸石和X型沸石的粉煤灰沸石;水热36h时,溶液中Si1-浓度最大为0.51 mol/L;水热26h,合成的A型沸石结晶较好.对A型沸石、粉煤灰沸石、活性炭、天然沸石和粉煤灰的吸附性能进行了研究,结果表明:合成的A型沸石吸附能力最好,对Cd2-的吸附率达99.83%.     

水热法提取粉煤灰中硅合成P型沸石研究

以粉煤灰为原料,研究了水热反应时间对粉煤灰转变产物、溶液中Si4 浓度和制备P型沸石的影响.结果表明,在80℃水热6 d,合成含P型和X型沸石的粉煤灰沸石;水热36 h时,溶液中Si4 浓度最大为0.51 mol/L;在上层清液中加入Al3 ,陈化36 h后,在95℃水热条件下,晶化3 d,合成的P型沸石结晶较好.并对P型沸石、粉煤灰沸石、活性炭、天然沸石和粉煤灰吸附性能进行了研究.结果表明,合成的P型沸石吸附能力最好,吸附率为98.83%.     

湖南某含铜酸性废水资源化处理实验研究

针对某铜矿开采过程中井下产生的含铜酸性废水，开展了铁屑置换回收铜-碱性尾矿溢流水中和-混凝沉淀联合处理新工艺研究，考察了铁屑投加量、置换反应时间、搅拌转速等因素对铜置换率的影响，并进行了碱性尾矿溢流水中和酸性废水配比条件实验、中和污泥毒性浸出实验及置换过程的动力学研究。结果表明，新工艺可获得铜品位35.6%、铜回收率92.7%的海绵铜，酸性废水处理后达标排放，其处理药剂成本为0.95元/t,且无危险废物产生，具有显著的经济效益和环境效益。     

粉煤灰在废水处理领域的应用研究

简要地介绍了粉煤灰的特性及国内粉煤灰的处理现状,说明了如何对粉煤灰进行改性以及利用粉煤灰处理废水的原理,介绍了目前在废水处理过程中利用粉煤灰的处理方法及一些相关的技术条件。     

沸石在水和废水处理中的应用

沸石是一种天然廉价矿物,可用于去除水中氨氮、有机物、浊度、重金属离子和含氧酸阴离子。本文综述了沸石在水和废水处理中的应用,探讨了沸石吸附机理、规律和影响因素,简述了从粉煤灰中合成沸石的方法,并总结了应用方面存在的问题。     

Removal of Ions and Acidity from Acid Mine Water Using Transformed Fly Ash

Fly ash obtained from a coal combustion thermal electric power plant was reacted with NaOH at 100 °C for 24 h to synthesize zeolite. Shaker flasks experiments were conducted to assess whether fly ash or fly ash zeolite (FAZ) could be used to treat acidic mine water. The FAZ was used to treat the mine water at doses of 5–60 g/L; the FAZ increased pH from 2.76 to as high as 7.51 and removed most of the Ca and Mg hardness and acidity from the mine water, though it did not affect sulphate concentrations. The cation exchange capacity of the FAZ was regenerated using NaCl. After six regeneration/reuse cycles, the FAZ was less effective but still capable of increasing pH and removing substantial hardness. In contrast, fly ash was not effective in removing hardness or acidity, and instead released ions into the mine water.     

Reducing the Hardness of Mine Water Using Transformed Fly Ash

In the Jharia Coalfields, Dhanbad, India, huge quantities of water are pumped out of underground mines to make mining possible. The water contains high concentrations of total hardness, which makes it unsuitable for domestic use. Waste fly ash generated nearby from burning the coal in thermal power plants can be converted into a zeolitic mineral, and used to treat the mine water. The fly ash zeolite was determined to be effective in removing total hardness from the mine water. At a 40 g/L dose of fly ash zeolite, approximately 72% of the hardness was removed from the mine water. However, the mine water still requires additional treatment to further reduce total dissolved solids to make the mine water potable.     

TBAB改性粉煤灰处理印染废水的试验研究

用TBAB(四丁基溴化铵)对粉煤灰进行改性后对印染废水进行脱色处理。以印染废水中存在的活性艳红为处理目标,通过一系列试验,确定较优的改性条件和脱色处理条件。试验结果表明,在TBAB浓度为2.0 g/L,粉煤灰浓度为3.5 g/L,溶液pH为2,吸附时间为1 h时,脱色率可达到最高,为91.3%。     

用略阳电厂粉煤灰合成沸石的试验研究

以略阳电厂粉煤灰为原料,进行了用水热法和熔融水热法合成A型沸石和Y型沸石的试验研究。结果表明：粉煤灰在80 ℃和碱性条件下水热反应4 d,可获得含P型沸石和X型沸石的粉煤灰沸石;向粉煤灰中加入Al(OH)₃和NaOH固体,以800 ℃熔融1 h后,在80 ℃下水热反应12 h,可获得A型沸石;向粉煤灰中加入硅灰石和NaOH固体,以800 ℃熔融1 h后,在80 ℃下水热反应36 h,可获得Y型沸石。将3种合成沸石与天然沸石和粉煤灰进行吸附溶液中Cd²⁺的对比,吸附能力由强到弱的排序为Y型沸石＞A型沸石＞粉煤灰沸石＞天然沸石＞粉煤灰。     

Synthesis of zeolites from coal fly ash using mine waters

In this study mine waters obtained from coal mining operations in South Africa were used as a substitute for pure water during the synthesis of zeolites from South African coal fly ash. Procedures that had been optimized to produce single phase zeolite Na-P1 and X using pure water were employed independently. The use of circumneutral mine water resulted in similar quality zeolite Na-P1 and X whereas the use of acidic mine drainage led to the formation of a single phase hydroxysodalite zeolite. Since these two wastes (fly ash and mine waters) are found in close proximity to each other, this study demonstrates that they can be used to ameliorate each other and at the same time produce saleable zeolitic products that can be used to offset their costs of disposal and treatment.     

Treatment of Lignite Mine Water with Lignite Fly Ash and Its Zeolite

Mine Water and the Environment - As expected, a zeolite formed from lignite fly ash proved to be far more effective in treating the water from the Neyvelli lignite mines than the fly ash itself....     

改性粉煤灰处理印染废水的试验研究

采用高分子絮凝剂聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(PDMDAAC)对粉煤灰进行改性,并利用改性粉煤灰、原粉煤灰(FA)、PDMDAAC对印染废水进行混凝脱色试验。试验结果表明,PDMDAAC改性粉煤灰对印染废水的处理效果高于原粉煤灰(FA)和PDMDAAC,在最佳的试验条件下,PDMDAAC改性粉煤灰对废水的脱色率高达87.4%以上。