共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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《矿冶工程》2021,(4)
为了提高钒萃取率和减少萃取过程有机相乳化,研究了伯胺7101萃取分离钛白废液中钒及有机相乳化成因,考察了pH值、振荡强度、萃取时间和O/A比对钒萃取率的影响。结果表明:当伯胺7101和磺化煤油体积比为20%∶80%时,在溶液pH=2.4、相比O/A=1、萃取时间1.5 min和振荡强度105 r/min条件下,钛白废液中钒萃取率达到65%。当溶液pH值大于2.4时,萃取过程中有机相的乳化会极大地阻碍钒萃取,Fe~(3+)水解明显并发生络合反应,产生易引起乳化的胶体物质。此外,萃取剂降解生成的表面活性物质在界面处牢固吸附,与固体微粒形成复合结构,导致乳化物稳定存在于两相界面中间。 相似文献
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Lix984N对萃取分相和界面乳化的影响 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
研究了铜萃取过程中Lix984N 对萃取分相性能和界面乳化行为的影响。当Lix984N 体积分数从0.5%增加到5.0%, 由于有机相密度和粘度增加、表面张力降低, 使相分离速度降低。用基团法算出Lix984N 的亲水亲油平衡值(HLB)为1.29, 根据Bancroft 法则, Lix984N 有利于W/O 型乳化液的稳定。试验结果表明, Lix984N 在萃取界面乳化过程中不起主导作用, 固体微粒是界面乳化的决定性诱因;随Lix984N 体积分数增加, 有机相与固体微粒间的亲合力加大, Lix984N 与固体微粒有协同乳化作用。 相似文献
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溶剂萃取过程絮凝物的形成及控制 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
工业溶剂萃取工厂都会受到由固体颗粒所引起的絮凝物的影响 ,它影响着萃取过程相的连续性、乳化物的稳定性、水流和空气的分布。本文主要从有机相、水相、固体微粒和空气四方面对絮凝物的成因及其控制和处理方法进行了初步的探讨 相似文献
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经典的萃取化学侧重于萃合物的组成和结构的测定。我们认为在研究铀液液萃取机理时必须考虑萃取剂在萃取有机相中的聚集现象,只有从形成反相胶束和微乳液的观点。才能更本质揭示萃取机理。研究了P204萃取铀的界面化学模型和三正辛胺萃取硫酸铀酰的反相胶束模型,并解释了萃取体系第三相与WinsorⅢ微乳液的关系。 相似文献
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针对铜阳极泥氯化浸金液含铜高造成稀贵金属置换困难且损失量大的问题,采用Lix984萃取分离铜,进行萃取槽连续试验,考察铜萃取率变化,分析存在的问题并探讨解决方案。试验发现采用Lix984从含铜10~20g/L和Cl-~200g/L的氯化浸金液中分离和回收铜,技术上可行。在萃取混合时间3min、萃取相比(O/A)2/1、反萃水相为180~260g/L硫酸条件下,经过4级萃取、2级洗涤和2级反萃,铜直收率可达99%以上。金、银、钯、铅、镍等不被萃取,仅有少量夹带,可洗涤回收。萃取过程发生界面污物累积和乳化,主要与料液含固量高、金属离子水解、相比和搅拌速度不当、萃取剂降解等因素有关,可通过精滤、过渡槽调pH值、实时监控流量和转速、定期补充萃取剂和清除第三相等措施,实现萃取稳定运行。 相似文献
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Alkyl amines are widely used as cationic collectors in froth flotation. They are generally referred to as weak electrolyte collectors and frequently form solid insoluble precipitates. Much work has been done to measure the interfacial tension and contact angle regarding alkyl amine collectors. However, the role of these colloidal precipitates in adsorption phenomena and the kinetics involved in the adsorption have not been systematically studied and decoupled from those of soluble species in flotation. Using dodecyl amine (DDA) as the model surfactant, four sets of intimately linked measurements were made on the dynamic surface tension of amine true solutions and solutions containing precipitates to demonstrate the difference in the surface activity kinetics of colloidal precipitates and soluble species. The effects of the interfacial kinetics on the bubble size in a two-phase system and on the contact angle in a three-phase system were also studied to understand the migration of precipitates between different interfaces. The experimental data showed that kinetic effects existed whenever precipitates were involved, but were absent from true amine solutions. A three-stage mechanism (migration–adsorption–aggregation) was proposed and tested to explain the kinetic behavior associated with precipitates. The size of air bubbles generated in the true solutions was not affected by the surface age of bubbles, while bubble size was affected by the surface age in the presence of precipitates. The observed kinetics of contact angle evolution suggested that the migration of DDA species between air–water–interfaces occurred. 相似文献
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以P204为萃取剂对含铟甲基磺酸溶液进行萃取提铟,考察了铅离子浓度、骨胶及木质磺酸钠添加量、温度、水相pH值等因素对萃取提铟过程中产生第三相和乳化现象的影响,观察了第三相和乳状液内的微观形态,研究了超声波对第三相和乳状液的干扰效果。结果表明,在铅离子浓度小于0.45 g/L、骨胶浓度和木质磺酸钠添加量分别小于0.103 g/L和0.053 2 g/L、温度10~50 ℃、水相pH值小于2的条件下,铟的萃取过程中没有产生第三相和发生乳化现象。铅离子浓度引起的第三相由无规则密集白色絮状物组成,无法通过超声波干扰消除;添加剂浓度、温度和水相pH值等参数控制不当会引起O/W型的乳化现象(不同粒径的水珠分布在有机相中),该乳状液可以采用超声波干扰破乳。 相似文献
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超细粉尘的扬尘机理研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目前对一般尘源控制研究较少,系统的粉尘扬尘(尘化)机理的研究更少,为此,作为首要问题提出弄清尘化机理,从源头上控制治理粉尘。对粉尘颗粒所受作用力进行分析,特别就超细粉尘的扬尘机理提出相应的物理模型。初步研究表明,1~10 μm的粉尘关键是受机械力、升力和粘滞动力的影响;几微米的粉尘颗粒从静止到与主流速度一致,在瞬间即可完成;微细粉尘扬尘过程是极其复杂多变的。 相似文献
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The adsorption behavior of sulfur dispersing agents, including lignosulfonate, Quebracho, o-phenylenediamine (OPD), and humic acid on elemental sulfur and nickel sulfide concentrate was investigated. The charge changes on elemental sulfur surface were characterized by the measurement of the electrokinetic sonic amplitude (ESA) signal. The adsorption behavior of OPD was investigated by measuring the interfacial tension between liquid sulfur and nickel sulfate solution at 140 °C. The adsorption of lignosulfonate on the molten sulfur surface was calculated by the Gibbs Equation. The adsorption of lignosulfonate, Quebracho, and humic acid on the nickel concentrate was studied at ambient temperature. The adsorption mechanism of sulfur dispersing agents on both elemental sulfur and nickel concentrate were discussed. The stability of OPD in the nickel concentrate slurry was discussed. 相似文献
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矿山企业输送的物料多为固体颗粒物或坚硬的固体颗粒物矿浆,需要可靠、耐磨的阀门进行输送。分析了双动压杆式夹管阀采用耐磨耐腐蚀胶管作为截留阀芯,多形式的执行机构,可适用各种工况与场合下采矿和选矿中多种介质的输送。对此类阀门的研究与开发进行了简要介绍。 相似文献