新型减水剂改善充填料浆性能试验研究

为了解决目前凡口铅锌矿因溢流尾砂充填料浆浓度偏低而导致的水泥单耗高、充填体强度偏低等问题,本文采用新型减水剂改善料浆流变性能,提高溢流尾砂料浆的输送浓度及管道输送性能。开展了基于新型减水剂的料浆扩散度、流变试验及充填材料配比试验。试验表明采用新型减水剂可明显改善充填料浆的流动性,对充填体强度产生有益影响。最终确定最优配比料浆的浓度为66%、灰砂比为1:6,节灰率达15.4%,充填体7d单轴抗压强度提高率为42.4%,充填体28d单轴抗压强度提高率为15.2%,实现充填成本降低了为4%,具有明显的经济效益及推广应用的意义。     

减水剂类型对细尾砂充填料浆流动性及强度的影响

采用聚羧酸、三聚氰胺以及萘系三种类型的减水剂，开展了减水剂在不同掺量下细尾砂充填料浆流动度、流变及强度试验，研究了减水剂类型和掺量对充填料浆流动度、屈服应力、塑性粘度、表观粘度、触变性及充填体强度的影响规律。研究表明:减水剂的掺入可以显著提高料浆流动度，降低屈服应力和表观粘度。减水剂对料浆塑性粘度的影响相对较小。此外，料浆触变性随减水剂掺量的增加呈现出先增强后减弱的变化趋势。相比三聚氰胺、萘系减水剂，聚羧酸减水剂对料浆流动性能的改善效果更优。一定充填浓度下，减水剂的掺入会降低充填体早期强度，但对充填体中后期强度影响较小，甚至略有提高。     

减水剂对尾砂充填材料综合性能影响的实验研究

焦家金矿采用上向分层进路充填采矿法进行开采,目前现场使用的尾砂充填料浆固体浓度为68%,其对尾砂利用不够充分,且早期强度也较低,因此采用提高浓度的方式来增加尾砂利用率,由于提高浓度必然使得充填料浆的流动性能变差,不再满足自流输送的需求,因此在充填料浆中加入减水剂改善高浓度料浆的流动特性。经试验发现在加入萘系减水剂之后,明显提高了充填料浆的流动性,同时泌水率有所增加但增幅较小,凝结时间相应缩短,此外随着减水剂的加入,略微增高了尾砂充填体的强度,随着龄期的增长,减水剂对强度的增加作用越明显,相比不掺减水剂的分级尾砂充填体,3d强度提高了10.8%,28d强度增长了29.6%。     

减水剂对尾砂充填材料综合性能影响的试验研究

上向分层进路充填采矿法是焦家金矿的主力方法,为提高尾砂的利用率和充填体的早期强度,该矿尝试将充填体的浓度提高,由目前的68%提高到71.5%。将浓度提高到71.5%之后发现充填料浆的流动性明显下降,不再满足自流输送的需求。因此本次实验主要研究在充填料浆中加入减水剂后对高浓度料浆流动特性的改善情况,同时测试减水剂对充填材料的其他性能是否有影响。本次研究采用敞口容器、Marsh筒法、圆锥截膜法、单轴抗压强度试验等对加入减水剂前后充填材料的沉降速率及泌水率、流动性、凝结时间、抗压强度进行测定,发现在加入萘系减水剂之后,明显提高了充填料浆的流动性,同时泌水率有所增加但增幅较小,凝结时间相应缩短;此外随着减水剂的加入,略微增高了尾砂充填体的强度,随着龄期的增长,减水剂对强度的增加作用越明显,相比不掺减水剂的分级尾砂充填体,3d强度提高了10.8%,28d强度增长了29.6%。结果表明加入减水剂后的充填料浆满足焦家金矿的自流充填工艺,这为充填料浆的自流输送提供了强有力的理论和工程依据。     

高效减水剂对全尾砂充填料性能的影响

利用全尾砂作为集料制成全尾砂充填料对采空区进行充填,具有性能优、尾砂利用率高、能耗少、成本低等优点。根据某矿山现有充填工艺,采用全尾砂替代分级尾砂作为充填集料的技术,优化原有的胶结材料,并将尾砂充填料浆的固体浓度由68%提高到72%,结合使用减水剂来实现全尾砂充填料的自流输送。研究4种减水剂（萘系高效减水剂NSF、聚羧酸高效减水剂PC、氨基高效减水剂ASF以及脂肪族高效减水剂SAF）的不同掺量对全尾砂充填料浆的泌水率、流变性能和强度的影响。结果表明,减水剂的加入有效地提高了全尾砂充填料浆的流动性能,延缓了凝结时间,但却对充填体强度有不利的影响。综合4种减水剂的作用来看,在脂肪族减水剂掺量为1.6%时,既可以使料浆流动性增加幅度较大,又对充填体强度的不利影响较小。因此,选用脂肪族减水剂可以配制性能较优的自流型全尾砂充填材料。     

安庆铜矿高浓度充填料浆减阻试验

在矿山充填系统中,通过添加减水剂可以改变充填料浆流变特性,改善其在管道输送中的流动性能,是地下矿山实现高浓度大倍线自流充填的有效途径。针对安庆铜矿马头山矿段充填倍线大无法实现高浓度自流输送开展充填料浆减阻试验。结果表明,在高浓度料浆中添加减水剂能够有效改善充填料浆的流动性,扩散直径提高10%~30%,流动过程中的黏聚力大幅降低,降低10~30 Pa。     

膏体充填料浆管道自流输送分析及管线布置

自流充填具有充填效率高、工艺流程简单等优势,但膏体充填料浆由于浓度高,管道输送阻力大,易发生堵管等输送风险,因此,膏体充填料浆自流充填难度大。为了使膏体充填料浆实现安全可靠的自流充填,简化充填工艺流程,节约充填成本,本文以探究膏体料浆自流充填的可行性、确定膏体充填料浆自流充填条件为研究目标,通过试验确定合理的充填工艺参数,从而制备了均质性较好的膏体充填料浆,计算了膏体充填料浆在管道输送中的阻力,论证了膏体充填料浆自流输送的可行性,确定了膏体自流充填最大允许倍线。并根据膏体充填料浆的基本参数,结合膏体料浆管道输送的特性及井下实际生产情况,优化了充填管道布置。经生产实践验证,膏体充填料浆的自流充填能力由原先的50m~3/h提高到了110m~3/h,且生产运行过程中,膏体充填料浆管道输送系统稳定可靠,料浆管道输送流畅,能够满足膏体充填料浆自流输送需求,极大提高了充填效率,简化了充填工艺流程。     

不同减水剂对某矿高浓度充填料浆输送性能影响研究

本文采用聚羧酸减水剂、萘系减水剂和三聚氰胺减水剂，通过实验分析不同减水剂及添加量对充填料浆塌落度及扩展度的影响，将测得的塌落度值与Murate模型理论相结合，计算料浆屈服应力。结果表明：当加入0.05%的聚羧酸减水剂，料浆的屈服应力从接近400 Pa降为小于60 Pa，有利于管道输送，继续增加聚羧酸减水剂为0.2%时，料浆开始发生离析；加入萘系减水剂的料浆，当添加量为0.5%时，料浆的屈服应力小于60 Pa，流动性达到最优，继续加入萘系减水剂对充填体强度带来负面影响。加入三聚氰胺减水剂的充填料浆，减水剂的最优添加量为0.5%，小于0.5%时，无法满足自流输送的要求，大于0.5%时，将影响高质量料浆的形成。综合三者的屈服应力及经济成本分析，聚羧酸减水剂的使用效果要优于萘系减水剂及三聚氰胺减水剂，更有利于改善料浆的流动性。     

减水剂在似膏体胶结充填中的应用

新汶矿业集团孙村煤矿煤矸石似膏体充填试验结果表明,添加减水剂后充填料浆的坍落度、坍落扩散度和稠度显著提高。减水效果:可以在料浆浓度不变的条件下,显著提高其流动性或在保持其流动性不变的情况下,大量减少其用水量,从而提高充填浆体质量浓度和充填体强度。减水剂按胶凝材料(水泥和粉煤灰)质量的1.0%~1.5%添加为宜。     

冬瓜山铜矿全尾矿输送技术研究

尾矿输送一直是大充填倍线充填矿山的难点,因此,通过对全尾砂料浆的环管试验,不同料浆浓度和不同流量(流速)和不同灰砂比料浆的多次输送试验,研究全尾矿料浆输送规律,分析试验结果,可以为提高充填质量,消除充填管路堵塞,加大尾矿充填量,降低充填成本寻找出一条新路。     

New energy vehicle:an opportunity for rare earth magnets

<正>Extracted from Securities Guide 1.Popularity of new energy vehicles—an irresistible market trend1.1 Progress of new energy vehicles Chinese Premier Li Keqiang said recently on a visit to Xi'an BYD Autos that new energy vehicles,especially new energy bus,can lessen environment and noise pollution.He encouraged the use of new     

China rare earth market review

正November 1~10,2014Chinese rare earth market was still inactive.Demand for rare earth products was weak.Consumers took a wait-and-see attitude for lower price.As it was an off season for rare earth products,it was expected that prices of rare earth could continue turbulence at the bottom in short terms.Due to a sharp drop,demand for rare earth from downstream recovered.Affected by new energy vehicles,wind powder and energy-efficient appliances,production of rare earth permanent     

China rare earth market review

正August 1~10,2014 There was some good news in rare earth industry recently.Restructuring plans of rare earth groups led by Baotou IronSteel Group and Xiamen Tungsten Group respectively have been approved by MIIT.And rare earth storage policy,which had been expected for a very long time,has been launched officially.Pushed by the good news,rare earth price started to rebound since August 5.Price of didymium oxide and dysprosium oxide rose about 1% to 2%,averagely.About 10% of     

China rare earth market review

正July 1~10,2014Due to weak demand from downstream industry and slow transactions,rare earth market remained weak and price of rare earth products continued to decline.There was no sign of recovery in downstream market.The market of NdFeB magnetic materials and phosphor was depressed.Catalyst,     

注浆加固技术在十三矿-685 m进风大巷中的应用

针对煤矿开采深度不断向深部延伸,掘进巷道受深部高应力的影响越来越大,巷道围岩整体稳定性差,矿山压力显现越剧烈现象,一般锚网喷加锚索支护无法从根本上控制巷道的变形。总结了平煤股份十三矿-685 m进风大巷注浆加固技术,依据对巷道掘进之后变形监测数据的采集,对巷道变形机理进行分析研究,并对注浆时段进行了合理选择,在对巷道的注浆工艺进行了充分论证的基础上,对巷道进行了注浆。注浆后效果表明:巷道滞后注浆时间段的选择非常重要,巷道在恰当的时间内进行注浆加固施工,能有效控制巷道的变形,巷道注浆后变形量明显减小,岩体的稳定性明显增强,减少了巷道日常维修工作,降低了矿井的生产成本,保障了矿井的安全生产。     

Brief news

正China Minmetals Rare Earth Construction of Jianghua Separation Plant is set to complete at the yearend Civil works of Jianghua Separation Plant have been finished and the company is installing and debugging equipments now.It is estimated that construction of Jianghua Separation Plant will be     

Brief news

正Total transactions of rare earth in Rare Earth Ex-change Center of Hunan South Rare and Precious Metal Exchange neared 40 billion yuan from January to October From the opening in January of this year to the end of October,the total transaction of rare earth products in Rare Earth Exchange Center of Hunan South Rare and Precious Metal Exchange neared40 billion yuan.There are 16 varieties including dysprosium oxide and terbium oxide traded on the exchange center,one of the largest trading platforms for rare earth oxides in China.     

Current situation and future trend of China rare earth luminescent material industry

<正>Rare earth luminescent material is one of the most important application sectors of rare earths.China enjoys the exceptional advantage to develop rare earth luminescent material for its abundant rare earth resources.After several decades'endeavor,China's rare earth luminescent material industry,headed by rare earth phosphor for lamp and LED and high efficient rare earth energy-saving light source,has been gradually developed into a scale industry.China has become a major production base of rare earth phosphor for lamps and rare earth     

China rare earth market review

正June 1~10,2014Rare earth market remained weak.Quoted price of rare earth products was similar to that in May.There was no sign of recovery in downstream market.The market of NdFeB magnetic materials and phosphor was depressed.Catalyst,polishing powder and ceramic industries remained inactive.Demand from downstream industry was soft.Consumers purchased on their needs.Suppliers had strong intention to sell.Prices of rare earth products     

Theoretical basis for optimal collector concentrations and pulp pH values during flotation of sulfide-free minerals

A hypothesis that associates optimal conditions of mineral flotation with a zero charge of their surface is put forward. This hypothesis serves as a basis for a methodology to obtain and verify quantitative physical-chemical models for a minimal necessary concentration of a collector during flotation of sulfide-free minerals. These models may be of use for upgrading engineering processes of flotation and as a job for the concentration plant automation systems. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 2, pp. 89–99, March–April, 2006.