Flotation kinetics equations and transfer functions for flotation machines taking account of the effect of the froth layer

Conclusions Flotation kinetics equations and transfer functions have been obtained for a two-phase flotation model. It has been demonstrated that specific flotation rate depends on concentration of minerals being floated in the froth layer. Sverdlovsk. Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 4, pp. 107–111, July–August, 1984.     

On regularities observed in formation of liquid phase composition in flotation sulfide pulp

It is shown that modifiers decrease oxidation of pyrite following the line: cyanide > thiosulphate > sulfite > sulfide > dioxide. Action of the modifiers shows itself weaker for other sulfide minerals. The mode of selective flotation of cooper-zinc, copper-pyritic and other products has been developed with allowance for this fact. Iron powder and ferrous iron, as fine reducing agents, advantage to saving the natural surface of a sulfide mineral and improving the flotation selectivity. Decrease in the concentration of copper in liquid phase, that activates sphalerite, and stabilization of anionic composition depend on the mode of pulp conditioning by grinding and flotation, based on the use of various modifiers, their feeding points and pH of the medium. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 1, pp. 108–119, January–February, 2007.     

Thermodynamic and flotation analysis of influence exerted by chromate ions on separation of galena and chaclopyrite in alkaline media

The thermodynamic studies into the state of surface of galena and chalcopyrite in the presence of chromate ions and xanthate ions have been carried out along with the potentiometric measurements and flotation analysis. In the alkaline media, chromate ions are potential-determining for galena and are not such for chalcopyrite in a wide range of chromate ion concentrations. The qualitative composition of the sorption layer of the collecting and depressing agents on galena and chalcopyrite surfaces will depend on pH and redox potential of the fluid phase, and on the concentration of ions of the depressing and collecting agents. The flotation separation of galena and chalcopyrite in the alkaline media is feasible with the use of chromate ions as the depressing agents for galena. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 6, pp. 118–128, November–December, 2007.     

Physically absorbable reagents-collectors in elementary flotation

Based on the reviewed researches held at the Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, the effect of physically absorbable reagents-collectors on formation of a flotation complex and its stability in turbulent pulp flows in flotation machines of basic types is considered. The basic requirements for physically absorbable reagents-collectors at different flotation stages are established. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 5, pp. 86–95, September–October, 2007.     

Scientific grounds for high-performance agent modes in platiniferous sulfide mineral flotation from rebellious ores

The author substantiates the choice of new selective agents PTTC, HPEDETC, and Hostaflot M-91 to float platiniferous sulfide minerals from rebellious ores. The study agent modes imply the use of PTTC, being a component of modified xanthate and providing 6–7% increase in recovery of copper, nickel, and PGM in flotation of the low-sulfide platiniferous copper-nickel ore from the Fedorovo-Pansky deposit. The substitution of HPEDETC and Hostaflot M-91 for xanthate makes it possible to increase recovery of platinum by 5.7–13%, palladium by 4–9% and 2–4 times the noble metal content in the flotation concentrate.     

Modified reagent mode in porphyry copper-molybdenum ore flotation

Test data on the selective reagent modes at bulk flotation cycle and modified carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) at a selection cycle for the bulk copper-molybdenum concentrate. The selected reagent mode at a bulk flotation cycle with industrial kerosene and Beraflot as collectors and OPSB as a frother made it possible to recover 87 % of copper and 82 % of molybdenum into a rough bulk concentrate. Tests with CMC application at the selection cycle revealed a potential opportunity to reduce 1.5–2.0 times the summary sodium sulfide consumption, to cut down running costs of pulp and depressant heating, and to improve molybdenum recovery with no negative effect on other parameters of the bulk concentrate selection. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 1, pp. 111–117, January–February, 2008.     

Non-traditional high-energy processes for disintegration and exposure of finely disseminated mineral complexes

For the first time the modern non-traditional processes for treatment of rebellious noble metal-bearing mineral ore, aimed at improving disintegration efficiency for finely dispersed mineral complexes are analyzed. Advantages and perspectives of a new high-efficient, energy-saving and ecologically safe process of the nanosecond powerful electromagnetic impulse (PEMI) effect, are proved. The said process provides a stable increase in the valuable component recovery at lower energy consumption and production costs of the finite product at the stage of dressing rebellious gold-bearing ores and concentrated products. The possible mechanisms of mineral disintegration under PEMI effect are considered, experimental data, cited in the paper, prove high efficiency of the preliminary impulse treatment, thus, the increase in the gold recovery at the cyanidation stage amounted to 4–12 % from rebellious ores, 10–30 % from gravity concentrates, 5–45 % from flotation concentrates, 30–80 % from oil flotation tailings. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 3, pp. 107–128, May–June, 2007.     

Response of rough and acute surfaces of pyrite with 3-D approach to the flotation

This study presents a new 3-D approach to determine the morphological properties of pyrite particles by Brunauer — Emmett — Teller (BET) nitrogen gas adsorption and Permaran methods. The obtained parameters, which are surface roughness and acuteness, were correlated with the floatability of those mineral particles. The flotation performances of the pyrite particles ground in different mills were also evaluated by a Hallimond tube. The results showed that lower roughness and acuteness values caused higher flotation recoveries for the pyrite particles considered. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 4, pp. 95–104, July–August, 2006     

Theoretical aspects of modeling the elementary act of flotation

Physical relationships in the flotation process have been analyzed by modeling a flotation complex consisting of one bubble and one particle. The influence of inertial force on stability have been evaluated, with various bubble dimensions and various values of the surface tension at the liquid-gas boundary. State Technical University, Irkutsk, Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 1, pp. 92–95, January–February, 1999.     

Sorption of mercaptanbenzothiazol and dithiophosphate on Pt-Cu-Ni minerals at flotation process

The test data on sorption and flotation properties of reagent-collectors: dithiophosphate (DTP) and mercaptanbenzothiazol (MBT) relative to Pt-Cu-Ni minerals (chalcopyrite, pentlandite, and pyrrhotite) are presented. It was established by UV-spectroscopy analysis that MBT sorption on the study mineral specimens amounted to 62 % for chalcopyrite, and 15–30 % for pyrrhotites, 88 % for pentlanditepyrrhotite specimen to the initial reagent quantity. Adsorption of isopropyl and isobutyldithiophosphate on pentlandite-pyrrhotite was 59% and 82 %, respectively, along with none actual adsorption of these reagents on pyrrhotite.. It is shown that the selective sorption of MBT and DTP proves the expediency of applying the above complex-forming reagent mixture as selective collectors for platinum-bearing sulfide minerals at Pt-Cu-Ni ore flotation. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 6, pp. 129–134, November–December, 2007.     

Physically sorbed collectors in froth flotation and their activity. Part II

The mechanism of the physically sorbed collector in froth flotation is under discussion in the paper. It is shown that the basic characteristics of the collecting capacity of a physically sorbed flotation agent are its solubility, surface pressure in the film of the agent at “gas-liquid” interface, and viscosity. Experimental data and practical evidence described in the paper fortify the proposed mechanism of the collecting agent under consideration. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 2, pp. 85–95, March–April, 2009.     

Extraction of hydrogen cyanide from waste solutions of cyaniding circuit for sulfide flotation concentrates

The process for extraction of hydrogen cyanide to decontaminate solutions produced at cyaniding of sulfide flotation concentrates is developed. The centrifugal-bubbling apparatus is employed as a reactor. The regularities of HCN formation in an acid medium are established in investigation into kinetics of SCN⁻ thiocyanate oxidation by hydrogen peroxide H₂O₂ in presence of Fe²⁺, Fe³⁺ and pH ≤ 3.5. In the process proposed the evolved HCN is adsorbed by NaOH solution and returned to the circuit of leaching of gold and silver as NaCN, and the waste cyaniding solution is discharged into a waste dump, where it is mixed with industrial water to be utilized to transport flotation tailings. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 1, pp. 98–105, January–February, 2009.     

Creation of the efficient flotation agents on the basis of new raw materials and chemical industry waste

It is reported on creation, implementation, and mechanism of action of flotation agents that are developed by the Russian scientists and are brought into industrial use for mineral dressing. The data are cited about the new collecting agents and the subsidiary agents that improve the existing technological schemes. The new efficient flotation agents, which are created on the basis of chemical and petrochemical industrial waste, are presented. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 4, pp. 75–88, July–August, 2006.     

Effect of ozone on physico-chemical and flotation properties of surface of pyrrhotite under the nanosecond electromagnetic pulse treatment

It is proved by testing that the effect of nanosecond powerful electromagnetic pulses (PEMP) tends to give rise to both pyrrhotite disintegration and alterations of its particles’ surface chemistry. It is found that PEMP exerts an effect on the surface composition, floatability, sorption ability and solubilization intensity of pyrrhotite. The non-monotone variation of sulphur content, removed from pyrrhotite surface under hexane action, and ferrous and ferric sulfates detected in the aqueous phase of suspension, are found to induce a nonmonotone alteration of sorption and flotation properties of the mineral depending on the number of pulses. The mode has been established for the preliminary PEMP treatment for pyrrhotite and pentlandite, aimed at improving the flotation separation as compared to a conventional mode. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 1, pp. 91–99, January–February, 2007.     

Effect of features of the mineral composition and conditions of formation of oxidized copper ores of the udokan deposit on their beneficiation technology

It is established that features of the composition and properties of copper sulfates essentially predetermine their flotation behavior. An effective technology for their processing, which makes it possible to obtain high beneficiation indicators due to regulation of the energy state the disperse system and subsequent weak electrochemical effects on the flotation pulp, is developed. State Technical University, Chita, Russia; and Institute of Natural Resources, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chita, Russia. Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 2, pp. 104–112, March–April, 2000.     

Interaction of sodium diisobutyl dithiophosphinate and platinum in aqueous solutions and on sulphide surface

For the noble metal flotation reagents, the authors propose a new test method of selective adsorption on surface of minerals covered with noble metal grains, by using a scanning electron microscope equipped with an X-ray energy-dispersive microanalyzer. Sorption of DTPINa was recorded by SEM and thin layer chromatography on surface of platinum metal grains in the form of a compound identical to the synthesized compound Pt[(iso-C₄H₉)2PS₂]₂. It has been found that interaction of DTPI and platinum ions can run in unheated aqueous solutions at a rate sufficient for flotation. In pH 4–9 range, the rate of platinum DTPI formation is maximal. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 2, pp. 75–84, March–April, 2009.     

Experimental-analytical methods of the investigating the effect of complexing reagents on platinum flotation

The paper considers the studies into the hydrophobic properties of platinum and platinum arsenide, sperrylite, in the solution with added complexing reagents by using the method of measuring the force of the air bubble abstraction from the mineral surface. The effect of these complexing reagents on the chemical properties of sperrylite and pyrrhotine is analyzed. A new-developed procedure for treatment of pyrrhotine by chloroplatinic acid is presented, and the comparative flotation of natural pyrrhotine and platinum-pretreated pyrrhotine with the complexing reagents is described. The collecting properties of diisobutyl dithiophosphinate for platinum are determined, and the use of this reagent as an additional collector for platinum-group metals is confirmed in the course of the experimental flotation of platinum-bearing copper-nickel ore samples. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 3, pp. 68–75, May–June, 2008.     

Effect of the physical-chemical factors on flotation perfection of magnetite concentrates

The paper describes the laboratory studies aimed at comprehensive analysis and establishment of the optimal parameters for preparation of a pulp for reverse cation flotation when producing a low-silica iron ore concentrate. The kinetics of the process is investigated with application of a collecting agent and depressing agents for iron minerals. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 1, pp. 118–125, January–February, 2008.     

Design of the flotation machines and efficiency of their use

The designs of the most known flotation machines are compared, considering their design peculiarities that influence technological and economic parameters of the machines. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 3, pp 84–93, May–June, 2008.     

Interphase layers of water-heterogeneous flotation systems as hydrated nanoassociates

The water-structural aspects of evolution of interphase nanoformations are considered. Monitoring the state of nanoformations provides the control of hydrophobic interaction and flotation macroprocesses. The pubication is a pilot scheme. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 2, pp. 99–113, March–April, 2007.