热等静压法制造复合轧辊的研究

首次尝试用了热等静压法制造大型钢管张力减径机复合硬持合金轧辊，并获得了近实物尺寸的复合轧辊。通过对复合轧辊解剖取样，考察了复合轧辊界面结合特征，测定了复合轧辊界面结合强度，分析了复合轧辊裂纹产生的原因，为热等静压法生产复合轧辊的进一步研究提供了工艺参考和实验依据。     

提高轧机支承辊使用寿命的探讨

对决定轧辊性能的机械特性进行了分析，阐述了轧辊形状与轧辊所受应力之间的关系，提供了建立轧辊修磨规范的方法，并对轧辊剥落的原因及对策进行了讨论。     

采取先进措施降低轧辊消耗

针对我厂的具体使用条件，开展了轧辊的修复和利废工作。扩大轧辊的有效直径，同时利用中期辊加工扁豆花纹辊，辊身堆焊等技术，选择适当的轧辊材质，降低轧辊消耗，提高了轧辊使用寿命。     

中厚板轧机轧辊异常破坏常见形式及预防措施

本文对中厚板轧机对轧辊特性的要求，中厚板轧机轧辊异常破坏的常见形式进行了介绍，按照轧辊制造缺陷及轧辊使用不良两大类对轧辊异常破坏的原因进行了分析，针对这些原因，结合实际，提出了相应的较为详细的预防措施。     

轧辊数字化技术应用及优化设计

根据型钢、棒线轧辊的弯扭耦合受力工况，推导出该轧辊应力、安全系数的数值计算模型；利用GUI平台开发了“轧辊数字化设计工具箱”,实现了对轧辊的数字化设计及强度校核工作。对辊颈-辊身过渡圆角进行了优化分析，发现满足安全系数n≥3的过渡圆角处于36mm～38mm的区间内；建立了以轧辊安全系数为设计要求的轧辊优化设计模型，完成了以轧辊过渡圆角为设计目标的单目标优化求解，为后期多目标优化的轧辊设计打下了理论基础。     

珠钢热连轧轧辊使用优化与创新

介绍了珠钢热连轧轧辊的应用现状及其存在的问题。珠钢研究并开发了适应高比例薄规格热轧板生产的轧辊配置技术，包括工作辊辊径的配置技术和高性能材质轧辊应用技术等。轧辊配置技术的广泛应用降低了轧辊的辊耗，提高了薄规格热轧板的生产比例，改善了产品表面质量。     

高铬钢轧辊在热轧四辊可逆粗轧机上的应用

通过在热轧四辊可逆粗轧机上使用高铬钢轧辊，大大提高了轧辊耐磨性和使用寿命，不仅大大降低轧辊消耗，而且有效地减少了轧辊热疲劳裂纹以及剥落现象，对作业率和板带产品成材率的提高起到了很好的促进作用。     

轧辊表面电火花毛化参数优化

针对EDT电火花毛化机床毛化后轧辊表面出现的纵向条纹缺陷，根据毛化机床工作原理和运行特点，通过开展毛化机床放电电流、脉冲放电周期、轧辊旋转速度及横移速度等参数的优化试验，明确了毛化轧辊表面纵向条纹具体原因，发现轧辊横移速度与旋转速度的合理设置能有效避免毛化辊表面漏毛化。并通过对漏毛化产生的具体原理分析，总结了轧辊毛化过程轧辊旋转速度及横移速度匹配经验公式，依据总结的经验公式完成了轧辊旋转速度与横移速度的优化，最终消除了轧辊表面条纹缺陷。     

2050粗轧机组轧辊磨损预报模型的开发及应用

热轧生产作为板带轧制的首道工艺，轧辊异常消耗与磨削次数影响着机组的生产能力，同时影响板形，迫切需要建立磨损情况的准确预报。以唐钢2050粗轧机组为研究对象，充分考虑粗轧工艺特点，结合实际工况，分析了轧辊磨损机理。为更好地了解轧辊沿长度方向上各点的磨损情况，对轧辊进行了划分条元，同时利用划分条元建立了单位辊间压力的理论模型。针对工作辊与支撑辊的不同磨损情况，建立了区别于不同轧辊的磨损理论模型，同时根据辊间压力模型与轧辊磨损模型，开发了一套粗轧机组轧辊磨损预报模型软件。该软件可以显示轧制一定里程后轧辊各个样本点的磨损情况，形成轧辊磨损规律曲线。同时采用离散分段法分别计算支撑辊和工作辊磨损量分布，为后续轧制工艺提供了精确的轧辊磨损预报，确保轧件产品的质量，同时提高了机组的轧制稳定性与轧制效率。     

离心铸造高速钢轧辊的研究及其在棒线材轧机上的应用

由于普通合金铸铁轧辊硬度低、耐磨性差，而硬质合金轧辊尽管具有优异的耐磨性，但成本高，且脆性大，使用中易开裂和剥落。故以高碳高速钢为主要合金成分，采用离心铸造方法，开发了耐磨性能优良的高速钢轧辊，并着重解决了离心铸造高速钢轧辊生产过程易偏析和产生裂纹的难题。高速钢轧辊硬度达63～65HRC，辊面硬度差小于2HRC，冲击韧性大于14J／cm^2。用于高速线材轧机预精轧机组和棒材轧机精轧机组，使用寿命比合金铸铁轧辊提高6～10倍，接近硬质合金轧辊水平。     

Clinical study of imposed work of breathing caused by the breathing apparatus

OBJECTIVE: The imposed work of breathing caused by the breathing apparatus (endotracheal tube, breathing circuit tubing, and ventilator's valves) may increase patient's work of breathing. To evaluate the imposed work may be useful to determine weaning. METHODS: Work of breathing was observed by Bicore CP-100 breathing monitor at different levels pressure support (PS), T piece and after extubation, and the PS level to compensate imposed work of breathing was computed. RESULTS: When PS level decreased, patient's work of breathing increased significantly. At PS O kPa, the patient's work of breathing increased 57%, which was caused by imposed work of apparatus. Because of the resistance of endotracheal tube, the patient's work of breathing increased 41% at T piece. The PS level that compensated for the imposed work was 0.7 kPa. CONCLUSIONS: When PS level was too low or T piece was applied, the imposed work of breathing caused by apparatus could markedly increase patient's work of breathing.     

Contingency Management of Reliable Attendance of Chronically Unemployed Substance Abusers in a Therapeutic Workplace.

The Therapeutic Workplace is an effective drug abuse treatment that integrates abstinence reinforcement into a work setting by using a salary that drug abusers earn for work. Drug abuse patients are trained and hired to become data entry operators in a Therapeutic Workplace business. Despite the opportunity to earn a high wage, participants frequently arrive at work late and fail to work complete shifts. In the present study, a contingency management intervention to promote consistent and reliable attendance was evaluated in 4 participants. Participants were not allowed to work on days that they arrived late, and their pay was temporarily reduced each time they arrived late at work or failed to complete a work shift. A within-subject reversal design showed that the intervention increased the frequency with which participants arrived at work on time and completed work shifts. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Bringing work home: The emotional experiences of mothers and fathers.

Given the salience of work in our society, this study investigated how intrinsic work motivation, work hours, and taking time for self influenced the interplay between the emotional climates of work and home. The authors examined day-to-day emotional transmission between work and home (spillover) for 143 families using the experience sampling method and interview data from the Sloan Center's 500 Family Study (L. J. Waite & B. Schneider, 1997). Intrinsic work motivation, work hours, and taking time for self were used as predictors of spillover. There was evidence of emotional transmission from work to home for mothers' happiness, anger, and anxiety as well as for father's anxiety. Also, fathers scoring higher on intrinsic work motivation tended to report greater overall anxiety at home after the workday. Anxiety from work was less likely to spill over to the home when fathers reported working longer hours. These findings have practice implications for improving worker productivity and the well-being of two-working-parent families. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

“金属和合金的腐蚀”国际标准化工作研究

通过对ISO／TCl56＂金属和合金的腐蚀”秘书处工作进行介绍,以及对该领域国际标准化工作的分析,结合国内发展现状,提出了秘书处下一步工作建议及我国实质性参与腐蚀领域国际标准化工作的方案。     

Beyond work and family: A measure of work/nonwork interference and enhancement.

Though early research on the work/nonwork interface was broader in scope, most recent research has focused on the interface between work and family. There is a need for an inclusive, validated measure of work/nonwork interference and enhancement that is appropriate for all workers regardless of their marital or family life status. The authors report here on 3 studies in which they develop a theoretically grounded and empirically validated multidimensional, bidirectional measure of work/nonwork interference and enhancement. All scale items refer to work/nonwork, whereas previous measures have mixed work/family and work/nonwork items or emphasize family roles in the nonwork domain. Quantitative analysis of the scale items yielded 17 items to measure work interference with personal life, personal life interference with work, work enhancement of personal life, and personal life enhancement of work. Confirmatory factor analyses and structural equation modeling results provide evidence for convergent, discriminant, and criterion-related validity for the scale from 2 large samples of workers (N = 540, N = 384) across multiple job types and organizations. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Strategies for coping with work-family conflict: The distinctive relationships of gender role ideology.

Study 1, with 266 employed parents, identified 8 coping strategies: super at home, good enough at home, delegation at home, priorities at home, super at work, good enough at work, delegation at work, and priorities at work. Study 2, with 679 employed parents, demonstrated a moderating effect of sex and gender role ideology in the relationship between coping strategy and work-family conflict. Specifically, the relationships between coping strategies (i.e., good enough at home, good enough at work, and delegation at work) and work interference with family were moderated by sex and gender role ideology. Regarding family interference with work, the relationships between coping strategies (i.e., good enough at home and good enough at work, delegation at home and delegation at work, and priorities at home) and family interference with work were moderated by sex and gender role ideology. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

CVC工作辊非对称磨损分析与预报模型建立

 CVC辊形以其较强的凸度控制能力在热连轧中有着广泛的应用,但是CVC辊形不具有均匀磨损的能力,其磨损往往比较严重,且呈现出非对称性。针对该特点提出CVC工作辊非对称磨损的表征方法,利用该方法对某1 800 mm CSP生产线下游机架CVC工作辊非对称磨损情况进行分析。统计结果表明,下游机架工作辊磨损多为非对称形式,并与CVC辊形呈现出一定的对应性。在此基础上,提出辊径对整体磨损影响系数及辊径对轧制力影响系数2个新的磨损模型参数,并建立针对CVC轧辊的非对称磨损预报模型,利用遗传算法对模型参数进行优化,并利用实测数据进行验证,改进后磨损模型精度比常规磨损模型精度平均提高了约35%。     

Work-based resources as moderators of the relationship between work hours and satisfaction with work-family balance.

This study reports an investigation of the relationships of work hours, job complexity, and control over work time to satisfaction with work-family balance. Based on data from a sample of 570 telephone call center representatives, a moderated hierarchical regression analysis revealed that work hours were negatively related to satisfaction with work-family balance, consistent with the resource drain perspective. Job complexity and control over work time were positively associated with satisfaction with work-family balance. Control over work time moderated the relationship such that as work hours rose, workers with low control experienced a decline in work-family balance satisfaction, while workers with high control did not. Results encourage greater research attention to work characteristics, such as job complexity and control over work time, and skills that represent resources useful to the successful integration of work and family demands. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Are work stressors related to employee substance use? The importance of temporal context assessments of alcohol and illicit drug use.

In this study, the author explored the relations of 2 work stressors (work overload and job insecurity) to employee alcohol use and illicit drug use. The primary goal was to explore the importance of temporal context (before work, during the workday, and after work) in the assessment of substance use compared with context-free (overall) assessments. Data were collected from a national sample of U.S. workers (N = 2,790) who took part in a broad cross-sectional survey on workplace health and safety. Consistent with past research, the results fail to support a relation between work stressors and overall measures of alcohol and illicit drug use. However, the results support the relation of work stressors to alcohol and illicit drug use before work, during the workday, and after work. These results provide support for both the stress-induced substance use and stress response dampening propositions of the tension-reduction hypothesis. When exploring the work environment as a potential cause of employee substance use, these results underscore the importance of measures that assess alcohol and illicit drug use in terms of their temporal relation to the workday. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)