紧凑型蓄热式加热炉冷热混装时的燃烧控制方法

鄂钢棒三加热炉为紧凑型蓄热式加热炉,因产能提升新建了一条红送辊道.坯料入炉温度较原来有大幅度提高,给加热炉燃烧控制系统带来了诸如"烟温控制难度大"等一系列问题.同时,钢坯红送辊道输送节奏与入炉节奏的不一致,带来了冷热坯混装时加热温度的控制问题.本文结合蓄热式加热炉的特点以及棒三加热炉的实际操作实践对上述问题进行分析,并...     

板坯加热炉最优加热制度研究

依据加热炉热平衡实验和"黑匣子"钢温测试实验,建立了大型板坯加热炉离线仿真计算模型,经过离线模型的仿真计算,实现了大型加热炉多段加热温度的优化,获得最佳加热制度,为加热炉的优化控制和操作、提高节能率及降低能耗提供了有效的指导。     

宝钢条钢加热炉燃烧模型计算机控制系统

介绍宝山钢铁股份有限公司新建条钢步进式加热炉燃烧控制模型的计算机控制系统.加热炉是保证加热物料的加热质量、节约燃料能耗和确保后继工序物料供给的一个重要生产工序.步进式加热炉一般多应用在热轧生产线,此次宝钢前次在条钢生产线新建大方坯步进式加热炉.文中针对条钢加热炉的特殊工艺要求,着重描述加热炉控制模型中的特殊控制部分,包括:加热制度、热跟踪模型、控制模型细分段控制、待轧控制、结合调度模型预测加热时间及模糊逻辑控制等.宝钢条钢加热炉燃烧控制模型的计算机控制系统稳定运行至今,预测计算和模型控制结果令人满意.     

铜材坯料端部加热炉节能改造

介绍了端部煤气加热炉改造前存在的问题,通过改造加热炉的结构和控制方式,采用天然气火焰环绕制品直接加热,替代原有煤气辐射加热,取得了明显效果.     

连续加热炉待轧策略研究

建立了步进式加热炉数学模型,用方案比较法研究了待轧阶段5种不同炉温制度下的钢坯温度曲线;采用加热曲线法对待轧进行决策,模拟了待轧阶段和待轧后的全炉钢坯温度场.结果表明,用加热曲线法对加热炉待轧过程进行炉温决策,出炉钢温保持稳定,可取得很好的控制效果.     

步进式加热炉坯料摆放最佳间隙计算

步进式加热炉是机械化炉底加热炉中使用较为广泛的一种，是取代推钢式加热炉的主要炉型。自60年代问世以来，步进式加热炉在世界上获得长足的发展。由于步进式炉有着推钢式炉无法比拟的特点，如氧化烧损小，脱碳少；加热质量好，钢温比较均匀；加热操作灵活，易于与轧制节奏匹配；可比较精确计算和控制坯料在炉内的加热速度和加热时间．     

智能控制在轧钢加热炉上的节能应用

轧钢机是钢铁行业的重要装备,其节能降耗一直以来都是我国发展过程中不可缺少的部分,因为经济全球化和新能源技术不断涌现及推广,传统电控加热设备已然无法满足当前生产工艺要求,因此智能化、高效化控制在这一背景下应运而生并得到广泛应用。首先从优化控制系统在棒材加热炉应用设计方案进行分析;其次对加热炉各回路优化控制方案设计展开介绍,比如炉膛温度控制回路、炉膛压力控制回路、烟温控制回路、炉膛压力与烟温协调控制设计和加热炉安全运行控制功能设计;最后探究了加热炉经济运行统计与考核功能。     

立推式铝扁锭加热炉的发展及新技术的应用

本文简要论述了立推式铝扁锭加热炉的发展现状,介绍了传统形式的加热炉和新型加热炉各自的特点,着重介绍了新型喷流加热立推式加热炉的设备组成、性能特点,详细论述了自润滑料垫、测料温热电偶装置、迎风燃烧混合方式等新技术的开发并在加热炉上的应用,分析了立推式铝扁锭加热炉的发展趋势.     

分侧控制蓄热式加热炉控制系统设计

四段两单元分侧控制蓄热式加热炉采用CS1000集散控制系统，系统网络包括现场控制层和中央监控层，CPU、电源及通讯单元采用双重化冗余技术，主从CPU之间可无扰切换。针对被控对象大滞后、非线性等特性，采用了模糊PID、自适应等一些高级的控制算法和策略，完成加热全过程的数据采集、过程控制、逻辑控制、快速连锁等功能，系统运行稳定可靠，完全满足工艺要求。     

感应炉加热铸锭在铝及铝合金热挤压中的节能分析

铸锭加热炉是铝及铝合金挤压生产线的主要辅助设备之一,也是挤压生产中的耗能大户,因此,提高铸锭加热炉的加热效率,降低能耗,对降低整个挤压生产成本具有重要意义。本文通过对电阻加热炉与工频感应加热炉在铝及铝合金热挤压中铸锭加热的应用,分析了两种加热炉在铝及铝合金热挤压中的加热效果和能源消耗,通过对两种加热方式的比较,可知用工频感应加热具有较好的节能效果。     

带钢镀锌退火炉热过程模拟

以三元模型法为基础,建立了带钢在立式炉内退火全过程的数学模型;模拟计算了带钢和退火炉的温度场;讨论了操作参数对带钢加热的影响以及冷却气体初始温度和喷射速度对带钢冷却过程的影响。其模拟的带钢加热曲线与工艺要求相吻合,为带钢温度的预测和合理的炉温决策创造了有利条件。     

Thermal performance of annealing line heating furnace

Abstract

In the present study, a stepwise model based on the enclosure concept has been applied to an annealing line heating furnace. The model has been satisfactorily tested using three industrial manufacturing data sets. As temperature measurement inside the furnace is difficult, the model could be used to improve control and to obtain the outlet temperature of the steel strip, the heat transfer rate loss and the strip heat transfer rate throughout the length of the furnace. Variations in the thermodynamic properties included in the model and in the operational conditions, which cannot be accurately known, have been tested to ascertain their effects on the evolution of the strip temperature. It is found that precise knowledge of the heat capacity and heating power introduced in the furnace are important to obtain good results in application of the model.     

Modeling of Strip Heating Process in Vertical Continuous Annealing Furnace

 The mechanism for heat transfer of radiation is usually adopted to heat strip in vertical continuous annealing furnace. The rate of heat transfer among strip and other objects can be hugely affected by the parameters of strip speed, geometry factors and radiating characteristic of surfaces of strip, radiating tubes and walls of furnace. A model including all parameters is proposed for calculating the heat transfer coefficient, predicting the strip temperature and boundary temperature of strip through analyzing these parameters. The boundary temperature is a important datum and different from average arithmetic value of temperature of strip and temperature in furnace. Also, the model can be used to analyze the relation for temperature of strip and heat transfer coefficient, total heat transfer quantity and heating time. The model is built by using the radiating heat transfer rate, the Newton′s law of cooling, and lumped system analysis. The results of calculation are compared to the data from production line. The comparisons indicate that the model can well predict the heating process. The model is already applied for process control in production line. Also, this research will provide a new method for analyzing the radiation heat transfer.     

Modeling of Strip Temperature in Rapid Cooling Section of Vertical Continuous Annealing Furnace

 The strip temperature is affected by many factors in rapid cooling section (RCS) of the vertical continuous annealing furnace (VCAF). They can be divided into four types: the physical properties of cooling gas, the geometry characteristics of configuration of cooling equipment, the heat transfer between the strip and the cooling gas, and the conductivity of the strip. It aims to model the strip temperature in the cooling section based on the fundamental heat transfer theory and the four aspects factors. The model for transient Nusselt number is obtained by considering Reynolds number, Prandtl number and geometry characteristics of RCS. Then cooling model of the strip transient temperature is built by Nusselt number, heat transfer coefficient and heat conductivity of the strip. The results are compared with the data from production line. The comparisons indicate that the model can well predict cooling temperature of the strip. It is hoped that the proposed model can be used for design and control of the vertical continuous annealing furnace.     

罩式退火炉微机控制

张店钢铁厂在可控气氛电罩式嫁火炉上，应用ＴＣＷ温度程序控制，实现了按设定的热处理工艺曲线进行自动运行，对露点温度无误差自动补偿；自动记录和显示内外罩温度以及系统事故和自动报警；掉电保护和邦联自诊断等。消除了操作失误，克服了炉温不均现象，使冷轧带钢质量稳定，生产效率提高。     

连续退火炉燃烧控制模型分析和仿真

带钢加热过程是一个具有大惯性滞后、多变量的复杂工况系统,而且连续退火炉处理的带钢品种规格多,带钢速度变化频繁,采用常规的控制方法无法实现控制目标.通过分析原模型机理和数据,建立仿真模型,利用计算机仿真,构建出退火炉带钢温度自动控制系统,是解决目前生产中出口带钢温度难以控制、产品质量不稳定以及能耗浪费问题的有效方法.     

Study on strip running deviation at exit of heat section in continuous annealing furnace for cold rolling

In order to solve strip reciprocating and quick- moving running deviation at the exit of heat section for vertical continuous annealing furnace, the thermal crown of furnace roller was analyzed quantitatively and regression method was used to determine the impact of roller crown on strip running deviation. And then the alarm program for strip running deviation was established, which can give early warning of strip running deviation and adjust the model parameter and the heating and cooling temperature rate simultaneously. With the application of this system on a continuous annealing machine for cold rolling in Shougang Jingtang Company, the strip running deviation which caused by thermal crown of furnace roller can be solved.     

1420mm冷轧连续退火机组加热炉煤气流量控制解析

介绍了宝钢1420mm冷轧连续退火机组加热炉混合煤气燃烧的控制原理以及混合煤气流量CPU模型的控制流程,同时介绍了加热炉的动态工艺特性和混合煤气流量最佳控制策略.     

基于脉冲燃烧控制的退火炉热负荷分配模型

脉冲燃烧控制技术以其良好的动态响应性、较高的炉温控制精度、较低的燃气消耗及污染物排放水平等优点,广泛应用于各类加热炉.对于立式退火炉而言,常见的加热模型有3种,即比例模型、窄带钢模型、正常模型.生产中操作人员可以根据带钢在加热段跑偏、瓢曲风险选择相应的模型,但上述这3种模型均无法避免因烧嘴频繁开启和关闭导致的辐射管骤冷...     

大型光亮退火马弗炉加热段温度场模拟

建立了大型光亮退火马弗炉加热段温度场的三维仿真模型.该模型考虑了马弗炉实际结构、带钢退火速度和升温曲线特点,采用等效热流密度表征马弗管内保护气体和带钢的换热;选择组分传输燃烧模型、离散坐标辐射模型和标准k-ε双方程湍流模型描述马弗炉内燃烧、换热和气体流动;应用SIMPLE计算方法进行求解.典型规格304不锈钢带光亮退火过程实测特征点温度值和模拟结果基本吻合.分析得到了马弗炉内温度场、流场和速度场分布规律.结果表明:马弗管温度比较均匀,喷嘴正对区域温度偏高;燃气气流沿马弗管壁螺旋流动实现均匀加热.喷吹量较小时,喷吹量(入口速度)越大,马弗炉内温度越高;喷吹量继续增大,马弗炉内温度反而开始降低.