一株絮凝剂产生菌TS-1的分离与鉴定

[目的]筛选鉴定出高絮凝活性的微生物絮凝剂产生菌:[方法丁通过培养基培养分离纯化出高絮凝活性的菌株并通过培养特征观察和生理生化特征测定鉴定筛选出的菌株.[结果]通过用稀释涂布平板法和平板划线法从土壤中分离、纯化和初筛后,从供试土样中共分离到14株具有絮凝性能的细菌,经复筛后得到5株絮凝活性较高(絮凝率>70%)的絮凝剂产生菌,其中1株经多次传代培养后絮凝活性仍很稳定(絮凝率始终>90%),其标记为TS-1.TS-1菌为具有荚膜的革兰氏阳性杆菌,并且菌体内无类脂物质如聚β-羟基丁酸.TS-1为解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens),故将该菌定名为Bacillus TS-1.[结论]该试验筛选出的菌株可用于淀粉工业废水的絮凝处理和生化处理.     

2种微生物絮凝剂高效产生菌的筛选和培养条件的优化

[目的]筛选微生物絮凝剂高效产生菌,并优化其培养条件.[方法]从活性污泥中分离纯化絮凝剂产生菌株,考察它们对焦化废水的絮凝效果,并探讨了利用糖蜜废液作为廉价培养基扩大培养菌株的可行性.[结果]从活性污泥中共得到4株絮凝率>70%且絮凝特性稳定的菌株.其中,J-Y1和J-Y2菌液的絮凝活性最好,对高岭土悬浊液的絮凝率分别为94.4%和98.9%,在处理焦化废水时絮凝率最高分别也达到88.4%和93.9%.J-Y1和J-Y2在糖蜜废液中均生长良好,且糖蜜浓度未对絮凝率产生显著抑制.[结论]糖蜜废液可为J-Y1和J-Y2的扩大培养提供廉价的营养,并且这两个菌株在优化的试验条件下均具有相当高的絮凝能力,表明它们在废水处理中有巨大的应用潜力.     

钩状木霉Th12菌株液体发酵条件的研究

[目的]研究钩状木霉Th12菌株最适的液体发酵条件,为研制和开发生物防治木霉制剂提供理论基础.[方法]采用稀释土壤平板法以及平板对峙法筛选、鉴定出钩状木霉Th12菌株,并考察了碳源、氮源、发酵时间、发酵温度、初始pH、接菌量、装瓶量、摇床转速对木霉菌丝体产量的影响.[结果]木霉Th12菌株的最适液体发酵条件为以葡萄糖为碳源、蛋白胨为氮源、发酵温度为25℃、初始pH为6、接菌量为0.8 ml、装瓶量为50ml、摇床转速为180 r/min的培养液C中培养3d,此时菌丝体产量最高.[结论]木霉Th12菌株在最佳液体培养条件中能最大限度地提供用于草坪镰孢枯萎病和褐斑病病害防治的菌丝体量.     

木质素磺酸盐复配絮凝剂的研究

[目的]探索木质素磺酸盐综合利用的新途径.[方法]制备木质素磺酸盐与丙烯酰胺的接枝共聚物(LA),并以此对垃圾渗滤液进行絮凝处理,通过试验找到合成LA的最佳工艺条件和处理垃圾渗滤液的最佳投料量.[结果]木质素磺酸盐与丙烯酰胺的最佳共聚条件是反应温度50 ℃,固含量15%,反应时间6 h,丙烯酰胺与木质素磺酸盐质量比为3:1.改性木质素磺酸盐与聚合FeCl3复合对垃圾渗滤液絮凝效果较好,COD去除率可达74%,且该复合絮凝剂对温度适应性强.[结论]LA与聚合FeCl3复合对垃圾渗滤液进行絮凝处理,效果较好,其絮凝效果优于单独使用任何其中一种絮凝剂.     

利用正交法分离鉴定苯胺降解菌及对其降解特性的研究

[目的]利用正交法分离鉴定苯胺降解菌,并对其降解特性进行研究.[方法]在某印刷厂排污口周围土壤样品中分离筛选出3株苯胺降解菌,测定其生理生化特性,并对其16s rDNA序列进行分析,考察不同温度、pH、摇床转速、培养时间及苯胺浓度对一株高效苯胺降解菌降解率的影响,并以苯胺降解率为指标,选择温度、pH、摇床转速、培养时间及苯胺浓度等因素进行正交试验设计,优化该菌株对苯胺的降解条件.[结果]3株苯胺降解菌AN-Y、AN-B和AN-H分别鉴定为Pseudomonas sp.、Acinetobacter gerneri和Delftia sp.;生长和降解效果的最适温度为30℃,最适pH为7.0,并可分别在苯胺浓度为3 300、2 000和3 000 mg/L基础培养基上生长;耐受能力最强的降解菌AN-Y其最佳降解条件为温度35 ℃、pH 8.0、苯胺浓度2 000 mg/L、摇床转速160 r/min、培齐时间72 h;方差分析表明,苯胺浓度对降解菌降解苯胺的效果影响最为显著.[结论]研究结果为苯胺降解菌的培养研究提供了参考.     

可降解蒽细菌的分离与生长特性研究

[目的]为蒽等多环芳烃(PAHs)污染的生物修复提供理论依据.[方法]采用富集培养的方法从污水处理厂的活性污泥中筛选得到蒽降解菌株E12,测定该菌株的生长曲线及其对蒽的降解曲线,并研究不同蒽浓度、初始pH值等对其降解蒽效率的影响.[结果]经初步鉴定,菌株E12属于气微菌属,该菌株可在以蒽为唯一碳源的培养基中生长.蒽初始浓度小于900 mg/L时,菌体浓度随蒽浓度的增加而增加,当蒽浓度超过900 mg/L后,菌体浓度显著下降;菌株在弱酸性和弱碱性环境中均能生长,但最适生长pH值为6.5;菌悬液接入量对菌体生长也有明显影响,最适接种量为2.0%.[结论] E12菌株降解蒽的最佳条件为:蒽浓度900 mg/L,pH值6.5,此条件下培养148 h后蒽的降解率可达70.5%.     

耐盐菌的筛选及初步鉴定

[目的]筛选耐盐菌株,为含盐废水的处理提供支持.[方法]以某化工有限公司生产污水为菌株来源,从中分离纯化得到耐盐菌株,通过测定所筛选得到的不同菌株的耐盐度,把不同的菌株接种到生产废水中,摇床培养2d后测COD,通过计算COD去除率确定一株优势菌株,并将其进行基本的生理生化特征测试.[结果]初步鉴定该菌为一株革兰氏阳性细菌,最适生长温度为37℃,最适生长pH值为7.0,NaCI盐浓度为1%时生长情况最好,经驯化培养耐盐度达9%.[结论]该菌株为合格的耐盐菌.     

1株高效聚磷节杆菌的分离鉴定及其聚磷特性研究

[目的]为降低水中磷含量以控制水体富营养化,从自然界筛选高活性的聚磷菌,用于生物除磷.[方法]以聚磷效果为主要指标,通过富集分离筛选细菌,并对其培养条件优化,提高其聚磷能力.根据生理生化反应特点以及分子生物学分析,对分离到的高效聚磷菌进行鉴定.[结果]从污水和污泥中分离到9株有效聚磷菌,其中菌株J-12的聚磷能力最强.16S rDNA序列分析显示,J-12与节杆菌属的同源性达99%,结合生长特性、生理生化特性,初步确定该菌株属于节杆菌属的一个种(Arthrobacter sp.),尚未见到具有高效聚磷作用的节杆菌的报道.研究表明,J-12在生长温度32 ℃,pH值7.0,微量元素液添加量为4 ml的条件下,培养10 h,可使合成废水中总磷由20.0 mg/L降至0.1 mg/L,聚磷率达95%以上.[结论]筛选到1株具有高效聚磷菌能力的节杆菌,在污水治理和水产养殖业中有着潜在的应用前景.     

用枯草芽孢杆菌吸附去除电镀废水中的铜

通过筛选和培育,从某电镀活性污泥中得到一株高效耐Cu2+功能吸附菌,根据菌落形态特征及16S rDNA序列测定和比对,鉴定出该菌株为芽孢杆菌属中的枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis-TR1).研究了用此菌种从电镀废水中吸附去除C u2+,考察了废水初始p H、C u2+初始质量浓度、温度、菌种加入量、培养时间及摇床转速等对C u2+去除率的影响.结果表明:在废水初始p H=5、C u2+初始质量浓度80 m g/L、温度30℃、细菌接种量3 g/L、培养时间48 h条件下,此菌种对Cu2+有较好的吸附去除效果,Cu2+去除率达62.4％,吸附量达4.02 mg/g;主要吸附机制为通过自身表面的功能基团和静电引力,诱导废水中Cu2+发生迁移和离子交换,与表面功能基团结合形成典型非晶相结构配合物,进而将C u2+去除.研究结果为电镀污泥的源头减量提供了一种可用吸附材料,可为电镀废水的微生物处理提供参考.     

胡椒果皮脱胶菌的分离及筛选

[目的]建立胡椒果皮脱胶菌分离、筛选的方法.[方法]从胡椒种植园的土样中采集样品30份,通过初筛、复筛及胡椒脱皮试验分离、筛选胡椒果皮脱胶菌.[结果]分离出7株能产生果胶酶的菌株,其中2株菌株产生的果胶酶活性较高;胡椒脱皮试验结果表明,菌株QH-2在4 d内脱胶效果较好,脱皮后胡椒产品感官评价优良.[结论]该研究建立的方法为胡椒果皮高效脱胶菌的筛选奠定了基础.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

Concept of freedom of infection of animal flocks

Totally negative results of epidemiological investigation of random samples do not prove the absence of the infection as the pathogen may be restricted to only a few animals in the herd for a long time. The statement "absence of infection" is critical for such situations. The question is raised, whether the statement "absence of infection" should be generally avoided. Classification of herds and flocks according to the prevalence of the pathogen would be more valid for the implementation of control measures.     

显微维氏硬度测量不确定度评定

对显微维氏硬度测量不确定度进行评定，建立了不确定度计算的数学模型，确定了影响实验结果的各项因素，计算出了各因素的标准不确定度，得出结果的扩展不确定度，并给出最终测量结果的表达式。     

Comparison of the results of surgical and conservative treatment of fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia

In this paper is treated the fundamental problematic of the fracture of the diaphysis of the tibia and the therapeutic results after the conservative and operative treatment are confronted. Among 518 patients with 433 open fractures and 35 with closed fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia, successful treatment of more 2/3 was obtained in the period from 1968 to 1972. Following our casuistics and literature, whose results are similar, we find out that the average total treatment of the osteosynthesis of the fracture of the diaphysis was shortened for 2,5 months depending upon the type and the localisation of the fracture. Apolied methods of the operative and conservative and conservative treatment in relation to the velocity of the medical cure as well as to the extreme anatomical-functional results are analised. We noticed that osteosynthesis, made by the intermedullary nail and the extension of the canals or by a small AO table, by the achieved stability makes conditions of immediate motions and an early rehabilitation. Because of that it gives the best functional results.