相同肥料用量紫云英与化肥配施对水稻生长及产量的影响

[目的]探讨在安徽省沿江及皖南稻区的双季水稻种植模式下,相同肥料用量紫云英与化肥配施对水稻生长发育及产量的影响.[方法]进行早稻施肥效应试验,分析水稻生长发育各期间生理指标、经济性状与不同施肥处理的关系.[结果]化肥-紫云英配施的水稻分蘖质量较高、有效穗较多;虽使水稻分蘖期和成熟期推迟,但对农业生产无显著影响;紫云英的肥效相对化肥较慢,第1季对产量的促进并不明显,但在第2季的增产明显.综合各个处理生长发育状况、经济性状和产量,60%化肥+40%紫云英配施是比较合适的化肥-紫云英配施比例.[结论]紫云英在一定程度上可以取代化肥,提供水稻生长发育需要的氮素,并且在比例、用量合理的情况下,第1季总体产量不受显著影响.作为绿肥,紫云英对后续作物及土壤的改善效应有待进一步研究.     

辽星1号高产高效栽培氮肥和密度管理研究

[目的]研究辽星1号高产高效栽培的肥密管理模式.[方法]以辽星1号为材料,研究不同氮肥水平、氮肥运筹方式及插秧密度对辽星1号产量、产量构成因子和经济效益的影响.[结果]最适施氮量为225 kg/hm2,产量为9 550.5 kg/hm2,经济效益最高;在此基础上,氮肥运筹方式以基肥∶蘖肥∶穗肥∶粒肥=4∶3∶2∶1的处理产量最高,比对照处理增产16.7%;插秧密度为33.3 cm×15.0 cm时辽星1号产量较高.[结论]适宜的氮肥管理模式和种植密度能够显著提高水稻产量.     

施肥对潮土养分非匀衡化的土壤修复研究

[目的]研究施肥对不同处理的土壤修复作用.[方法]利用盆栽试验对长期不合理施肥导致土壤养分失衡及生产力下降的土壤进行施肥修复.[结果]试验结果表明:有机、无机肥配合施用是快速修复土壤养分和提高生产力的最佳方法;NP、NPK是既均衡土壤肥力又提高作物产量的无机肥施用方式;对土壤有效磷、氮极度缺乏的土壤,单施磷肥、氮肥效果极显著,其肥效在小麦上与NPK相同.[结论]长期施化肥的土壤对化肥的依赖性更强,停止施肥,玉米产量下降78.6%,小麦产量下降52.8%;而长期施NK和PK肥的土壤,停止施肥反而产量增加,NK处理玉米产量提高112%,小麦产量增加182%,PK处理中玉米产量增加15.1%,小麦产量增加59%;单施有机肥的当季效果不如化肥,但后效明显好于化肥.     

杂交水稻高产栽培精确施氮技术参数的确定及验证研究

[目的]确定并验证杂交水稻高产栽培精确施氮技术的3个重要参数.[方法]以黔优18、茂优601等品种为试材,在贵州省小河、乌当和兴义进行试验示范,求取了杂交籼稻精确定氮高产栽培中的3个重要参数,并对其进行了论证示范.[结果]3个参数分别为:①100 kg稻谷吸氮量:1.85 kg(迟熟籼稻)、1.82 kg(早熟籼稻);②土壤空白供氮量在95.92～133.41 kg/hm2;③氮肥当季利用率:当基蘖肥与穗肥比例为5∶5时,得出获取高产的氮肥当季利用率为45.18%(迟熟籼稻)、44.72%(早熟籼稻).根据获得的3个参数分别在当地进行示范,均获1.2 t/hm2以上产量.[结论]为指导贵州省不同稻区的科学施肥提供了理论依据.     

沼肥对大棚芹菜生长影响的研究

[目的] 探讨沼肥对大棚芹菜生长发育和品质的影响.[方法] 试验分为施沼肥、化肥、农家肥和不施肥4组,沼肥组设3个施肥量(5%、10%和15%),采用盆栽法,研究不同施肥组和沼肥浓度对大棚芹菜生物量和品质的影响.[结果] 与施用农家肥、化肥相比,施用沼肥有利于增加芹菜的生物量,改善芹菜品质,提高芹菜中还原糖、总糖、维生素C及全效氮、磷含量,降低有害物质硝酸盐的含量.沼肥浓度对芹菜生物量和品质有影响,施用10%的沼肥比施用5%和15%的更有利于提高芹菜的生物量,而沼肥浓度对芹菜品质的影响则随着浓度的增加,芹菜还原糖、总糖、维C及全效氮、磷、钾含量也逐渐增加.[结论] 施用沼肥对提高芹菜的生物量及品质有明显影响.     

潮土区蜜柚配方施肥研究

[目的]研究配方施肥对潮土区蜜柚产量和品质的影响.[方法]采用均匀试验设计方法,在蜜柚上进行有机肥、氮肥、钾肥3因素5水平的配方施肥试验.[结果]与传统施肥习惯相比,配方施肥处理能明显提高果实的产量及改善果实的品质,而有机-无机配施的处理在提高蜜柚果实产量和改善果实品质方面的效果优于单施化肥的处理.综合产量和品质2个因素,株施有机肥料80.0 kg、化学肥料N 1.0 kg、P2O5 0.5 kg、K2O 1.4 kg(2号处理)的施肥配方显著提高蜜柚的产量和品质,株产达到109.87 kg.[结论]科学合理的配方施肥可提高蜜柚的产量和品质.     

2个早稻品种最佳氮肥施用量研究

[目的]探讨2个早稻品种在江汉平原的最佳氮肥施用量.[方法]对两优9168和华两优103进行225、150和75 kg/hm2 3个不同氮肥施用量试验,筛选2个早稻品种的最佳氮肥施用量.[结果]供试品种间生育期差异未达显等水平,氮肥施用量对生育期影响极显著,随着氮肥施用量的减少,水稻全生育期有延长趋势;氮肥施用量对产量影响显著,随着氮肥施肥量的减少,产量呈递减趋势;氮肥施用量对经济系数影响显著.且均在150 kg/hm2 水平下经济系数最大.[结论]该研究为水稻生产提供了参考依据.     

不同土壤调理剂对盐碱地土壤理化性质及水稻产量的影响

[目的]探讨不同土壤调理剂对盐碱地的改良效果及水稻产量的影响.[方法]在宁夏盐碱地施用8种土壤调理剂,研究不同调理剂对盐碱地土壤的理化性质、pH、盐分离子以及水稻生长发育和产量的影响.[结果]施用土壤调理剂后,不仅降低了土壤容重、pH并对土壤盐分离子产生不同影响,而且加快了水稻生育进程,增加了水稻的总茎数和穗数,提高了水稻产量.[结论]施用不同土壤调理剂均对土壤及水稻生长有一定的积极效果,ORYKTA、丹路菌剂、丹路菌肥的增产效果较为显著.     

不同施肥方式对澳洲坚果产量的影响

[目的]研究不同施肥方式对澳洲坚果产量的影响.[方法]以澳洲坚果H2品种为试材,连续3年调查不同施肥方式对澳洲坚果产量的影响.[结果]年施3次肥的单株产量高于年施2次肥的,施水肥的单株产量最高,其次为沟施,撒施最差.[结论]在施用普通肥料情况下,增加肥料用量,减少施肥次数,澳洲坚果不能获得增产.     

施用生物有机肥的土壤养分元素分析

[目的]评价生物有机肥料的环境效应,进一步改善生物有机肥的性能.[方法]施用生物有机肥,研究生物有机肥时土壤氨挥发和土壤氮、磷、钾淋溶的影响.[结果]施用生物有机肥后果园根区域土壤氯挥发损失率减少;与施用化肥相比,氮、磷、钾的淋溶损失率减少.[结论]施用生物有机肥可以减少土壤中氨挥发损失和氮、磷、钾的淋溶损失,增强土壤的保肥性能.     

Characteristics of the sympathetic innervation of the nictitating membrane and of the vasculature of the nose and tongue of the cat

Vasomotor responses from the nasal mucosa and tongue, and contractions of the nictitating membrane, were recorded on stimulation of the cervical sympathetic or internal carotid nerves. Preganglionic sympathetic nerve fibres which elicited a membrane response possessed a lower threshold than those which evoked nasal vasoconstriction, while the latter displayed a lower threshold than fibres which evoked tongue vasoconstriction. The sympathetic vasodilator fibres to the tongue whose activity was revealed after alpha-receptor blockade, had a similar threshold to the vasoconstrictor fibres. Membrane contraction, nasal vasoconstriction and occasionally tongue vasoconstriction could be evoked by stimulating the internal carotid nerve. The postganglionic fibres innervating the nasal mucosa had a similar threshold to those of the nictitating membrane, which may indicate that there are small myelinated fibres innervating the mucosa. The preganglionic compound nerve action potential had four major components, S1-S4. S1, S2 and usually S3 fibres were associated with membrane contraction; S2, S3 and sometimes S1 fibres were associated with nasal vasoconstriction; and S3, usually S2 and occasionally S1 fibres were associated with vasoconstriction in the tongue. It is concluded that each of these three groups of nerve fibres, but not S4 fibres, may include fibres associated functionally with the three effectors. There was a considerable difference between the relative amplitude of the responses of the three effectors elicited by stimulation of the cervical sympathetic nerve at frequencies between 0.2 and 2 Hz. Vasoconstrictor responses were relatively larger than membrane contractions suggesting differences in the mechanisms of neurotransmission at the neuroeffector junctions.     

Kinematics of the pelvic girdle and the thoracic and lumbar segments in the course of the lateral inclinations and rotations of the spine

Physiological displacements of the trunk are the addition of these of the pelvic girdle and thoracic and lumbar spine segments. For a long time (3), this conjunction had been noticed but without numbered precisions. The purpose of this communication is to appreciate quantitatively, from a series of 16 subjects, the respective share of each components during lateral bending movements in the frontal plan and movements of rotation in the transverse plan. It results from this work that the pelvic girdle presents as reduced amplitude (4 degrees) in lateral bending on the other hand, displacement predominate to the level of thoracic spine (50 degrees). In rotation pelvic displacements are very important (30 degrees), while the spine so thoracic that lumbar has a weak participation (inferior to 5 degrees). Moderated abduction of hips increases by significant manner the motility of the pelvic girdle.     

Design and analysis of the tunnel connecting the beamcorridor and the spectrum hall of the CSNS

There is a tunnel connecting the beamcorridor and the target station in the spectrum hall in the CSNS project. The length of the tunnel is about 20 m. The shielding design of the tunnel is very significant for the persons working in the spectrum hall beca     

江西省降水集中期及其期间降水量的变化特征及趋势分析

根据江西省地方标准中有关降水集中期的定义,统计1971～2008年4～9月的降水集中期,并用季节性Kendall检验方法做趋势分析.结果表明,1971～2008年4～9月期间,6～8月是降水集中期及其期间雨量较多的月份,4、5、9月是降水集中期及其期间雨量较少的月份.随时间变化,全省6～8月降水集中期及其雨量呈可能增多趋势,4、5、9月呈可能下降趋势.     

优化焊缝金相组织 充分发挥石油用 ERW管的技术经济优势

P2ERW管代替无缝管,用于石油开采所用油管和套管的关键,是确保焊缝的高质量。它不仅需要具备先进的技术装备和完善的检测手段,更需要发挥金相检验对优化各项工艺参数的指导作用,才能从根本上掌握生产优质ERW石油用管的规律。