大高径比机械搅拌槽在湿法炼锌浸出工序的应用

介绍了某湿法炼锌厂常规浸出工艺中,空气搅拌槽能耗高,浸出条件难控制等问题,提出了由空气搅拌槽改造为大高径比机械搅拌槽的方案,确定了搅拌器的参数,改造后获得了较好的节能效果.     

大高径比机械搅拌槽在湿法炼锌浸出工序的应用

介绍了某湿法炼锌厂常规浸出工艺中,空气搅拌槽能耗高,浸出条件难控制等问题,提出了由空气搅拌槽改造为大高径比机械搅拌槽的方案,确定了搅拌器的参数,改造后获得了较好的节能效果。     

空气搅拌氰化浸出槽的应用实践

结合乌拉嘎金矿的氰化浸出作业应用空气搅拌浸出槽的实践，简要介绍了空气搅拌浸出槽的工作原理和生产应用情况，并分析了其性能特点及优缺点。     

氰化浸出搅拌槽压套改造及应用实践

浸出搅拌槽是氰化提金工艺中的重要设备之一。以海沟金矿选矿厂双叶轮浸出搅拌槽改造为工程背景,简要介绍了双叶轮浸出搅拌槽结构、工作原理及特点;针对搅拌槽运行工况问题,分析总结了搅拌槽减速机底座压套改造过程及使用效果。改造工程实践值得设备设计和应用中借鉴。     

理事单位简讯

葫芦岛有色集团一种大高径比机械搅拌槽及其相应的锌焙砂浸出技术通过鉴定由葫芦岛有色金属集团公司和江苏新宏大集团公司联合研制开发的“大高径比机械拌槽及其相应的锌焙砂浸出技术”日前通过技术鉴定,专家认定,该技术属国内首创,达到国内同类工艺领先水平。葫芦岛有色集团13万吨湿法炼锌系统原浸出生产工艺为湿式冲矿给料和空气搅拌,存在着加料不稳,pH值不易控制,搅拌效率低,浸出渣含锌高,且易造成死槽、堵槽,现场环境比较恶劣,能源消耗等问题,严重制约着生产的正常运行。2004年,该系统改造被国家列入振兴东北老工业基地首批100个项目之…     

HAT6065型氰化浸出搅拌槽清水动力学研究

研究了HAT6065型高气泡表面积通量氰化浸出搅拌槽的清水动力学性能,简要分析了4种充气器配置条件下,充气量、空气分散度、溶解氧量、空气保有量等参数之间的关系。结果表明,在4种充气器配置条件下,氰化浸出搅拌槽的空气分散度均较高,可以为确定工业应用条件提供依据。     

中非铜钴伴生矿高效协同搅拌浸出装备

针对传统搅拌浸出装备存在的缺陷，深入研究了铜钴协同浸出机理，研发了一系列新型搅拌浸出成套装备，包括新型搅拌浸出槽气体分散装置、浸出槽搅拌轴水封装置、搅拌浸出槽用浓酸稀释装置、兼有稳流和提升作用的搅拌浸出槽，并创新采用多台大型浸出槽串联模式。实践表明，该成套装备SO₂气体的利用率同比提升了15%以上，铜浸出率可达95%～97%，钴浸出率达85%，还解决了SO₂气体外逸污染环境问题和浓硫酸添加稀释不当对浸出槽边壁损坏的问题，实现了多台大型浸出槽高效串联协同工作。     

Φ3m×10m气力浸出槽的研制

气力浸出槽在国外称为帕丘卡浸出槽,是根据空气提升理论发展、研制出的设备,用于黄金氰化工艺中金(银)从矿物原料中溶解(浸出)。目前,国内外广泛采用的多为机械搅拌加充气形式的搅拌槽,这种设备动力消耗较大,被充入空气在矿浆中产生的搅拌作用没有得到充分利用。气力浸出槽就是利用充入空气在矿浆的这种作用,使矿浆在槽内运动、循环,让矿物颗粒、药剂、空气在矿浆中充分接触,以利于金的溶解。这种设备除了具有功耗省的特点外,因没有机械运转部件,又具有制造成本低、维修方便等优点。     

反应器结构对生物氧化含砷难处理金矿效率的影响

含砷难处理金矿的细菌氧化预处理法具有投资成本较低、反应易控制及适合中小型金矿等优点,但此法空气利用率较低,造成通气量很大,通气动力成本过高。本研究提出了新型的导流式搅拌槽,通过改善通气和搅拌方式,降低通气成本和动力消耗,提高浸出效率。以含砷难处理金精矿为研究对象,采用嗜酸性氧化亚铁硫杆菌（At.f）对其进行生物预氧化搅拌浸出实验。实验对比研究了采用普通搅拌槽和导流式搅拌槽对含砷金精矿生物浸出过程中矿浆pH值、氧化还原电位（Eh）、总铁和总砷浸出率的差异,并对导流式搅拌槽中浸渣进行XRD和SEM分析。结果发现,反应第二天开始导流式搅拌槽中Eh值迅速升高,且最大值为497 mV,脱砷率达到34.86%,浸渣硫脲法提金率为58%。     

悬空多管空气搅拌器的探讨

空气搅拌器是在湿法炼锌浸出过程中运用极为普遍应用的一种简单设备。将普遍采用三管插入浸出槽底送风搅拌改为悬空多管送风搅拌，除了保证搅伴强度，加快物料中锌的溶解，提高浸出率外，还能使压缩风在浸出槽内均匀扩散，有利于氧化除杂质，减少昂贵的强氧化剂消耗，降低生产成本。     

气力搅拌浸出槽在黄金选厂的应用

机械搅拌浸出槽是氰化法提金中的关键性设备和工艺实施手段,但由于其传动结构复杂,能耗较高等缺点,在有些黄金选厂已经被气力搅拌浸出槽取代。在简要介绍氰化浸出工艺发展历史的基础上,结合氰化浸出工作原理和工艺影响因素详细分析了气力搅拌浸出槽的结构、工作原理和作业优缺点。在黄金选厂的应用实践表明,气力搅拌浸出槽具有结构简单,易于维修,节能降耗,浸出率高等优点,其应用前景广阔。     

泥质氧化矿搅拌酸浸综合节能技术

常规搅拌浸出工艺投资大、能耗高、成本高。为此,采用矿石分级处理、工业余热利用、高效浓密进行澄清与洗涤,分别取代了矿石细磨、矿浆加热以及浸渣压滤工艺。试验结果表明,分级处理技术使得泥质矿浆-0.074mm达到81.33%,工业余热利用使得矿浆在50min内反应温度提高到60℃,高效浓密技术实现了矿浆的浓缩、澄清、洗涤三大功能。三项综合节能技术的应用,使浸出系统的总装机容量下降了33%,投资额下降了68.5%,成本下降了35.3%。通过对搅拌工艺的优化研究,拓展了搅拌浸出的应用范围。     

数字化与智能化技术在湿法冶金强化搅拌工艺研发中的应用

搅拌是湿法工艺中的重要操作单元，直接关系到浸出净化效率及产品综合能耗。反应器内浸出、净化过程包括固液气多相传热传质和复杂化学反应的强非线性过程，内部流场特性的定量信息难以直接测量，且强化搅拌技术的研发缺乏系统的理论指导。从搅拌方式、搅拌效果的衡量指标以及搅拌在现代工程中的应用三个角度出发，梳理了强化搅拌这一重要研究方向的最新进展，并概述了数字化、智能化技术在强化搅拌理论及技术研发过程中的广泛应用与广阔前景。     

高碱复杂氧化铜矿石酸浸动力学研究

为了研究某高山矿区高碱复杂氧化铜矿石硫酸浸出过程动力学,试验采用电子显微镜扫描、电子探针分析研究了矿石的化学特征;对浸出温度、矿石粒度、液固比和初始酸度等因素进行了多水平的搅拌浸出试验。结果表明,选取的各因素能显著影响矿石的浸出率和浸出速率。采用未反应的缩小核模型进行浸出动力学分析,从动力学模型、表观活化能和颗粒表层产物3方面确定表面化学反应为浸出过程的控制步骤,得出矿石表观活化能和宏观浸出速率方程,并解释了反应后期浸出体系的化学动态平衡。     

Leaching of sulfide copper ore in a NaCl–H2SO4–O2 media with acid pre-treatment

A study was made of the leaching of a sulfide copper ore in a NaCl–H₂SO₄–O₂ media after pre-treatment by agglomeration with H₂SO_4(conc) and NaCl. The leaching variables evaluated included the amount of NaCl to be employed, the percentage of solids in the leaching solution, particle size of the raw mineral to be leached, and the preferable method of agitation in the leaching system. Mineralogical characterization of the material to be leached included analysis of the raw ore and of the leached ore residue using reflected-light microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The soluble species included djurleite and digenite. The most important parameters in the leaching process proved to be particle size and type of agitation. A total percentage of copper extraction of 70% was achieved using mechanical stirring, which increased to 78% when using compressed air agitation. The best extraction of the copper was achieved when leaching with 3 g/L of chloride, room temperature of 20 °C, and when all particles were < 1.65 mm in diameter.     

Kinetics of vanadium dissolution from black shale in pressure acid leaching

The leaching kinetics of vanadium from black shale in the sulphuric acid-oxygen system is presented. The effects of agitation speed, leaching temperature in the range of 110-150 °C, sulphuric acid concentration, oxygen partial pressure and particle size on the rate of vanadium leaching were determined. The results indicate that the rate is nearly independent of agitation above 200 rpm and increases with increasing temperature, sulphuric acid concentration and oxygen partial pressure. As leaching occurs, there is a progressive dissolution of a vanadium-bearing alumino-silicate phase, while the inert quartz phase assembles onto the mineral surface and remains as an “ash” layer. The leaching kinetics was analyzed by using a new variant of the shrinking core model (SCM) in which both the interfacial transfer and diffusion across the product layer affect the leaching rate. The determined activation energy was found to be 40.14 kJ/mol and the reaction orders with respect to sulphuric acid concentration and oxygen partial pressure were 0.61 and 1.67, respectively. A semi-empirical rate equation was derived to describe the process.     

Kinetics of manganese reduction leaching from weathered rare-earth mud with sodium sulfite

The kinetics of manganese reduction leaching in an acidic medium from a weathered rare-earth mud (WREM) were investigated. Using sodium sulfite as a reductant, the effect of reaction temperature, mechanical agitation rate, sulfuric acid dosage, and feed particle size on leaching kinetics were examined. The leaching process can be described by the shrinking-core model. An apparent activation energy of 11.5 kJ/mol for manganese reduction leaching is estimated. The diffusion of reactants and leaching products through a porous ore matrix was found to be the rate-limiting step. An empirical equation relating the manganese leaching rate constant with feed-particle size and leaching temperature was established. It was found that the smaller the feed-particle size or the higher the leaching temperature, the faster the leaching proceeds, as anticipated. The kinetic process exhibited a self-catalysis characteristic of Mn²⁺ in the mud. This finding suggests that Mn(III,IV) in the mud was rapidly reduced to Mn²⁺ during the initial stage of leaching.