超高强度钢15Cr2Ni10MoCo14回火组织的研究

利用透射电子显微镜（ＴＥＭ）系统研究了１５Ｃｒ２Ｎｉ１０ＭｏＣｏ１４的超高强度钢回火后的微观组织结构。从低温到高温回火，钢的回火马氏体组织中顺次析出Ｆｅ３Ｃ，Ｍ２Ｃ，Ｍ２３Ｃ６和Ｍ６Ｃ，并在６５０℃过时效回火时发现一种在钢的回火组织中未见报道过的正交结构相，点阵常数为ａ＝０．４４８ｎｍ，ｂ＝１．４０ｎｍ，ｃ＝１．２１ｎｍ。     

正火12Cr1MoV钢回火脆化的冷速敏感性

采用示波冲击试验和高分辨透射电子显微分析技术，研究了回火冷却方式对正火１２Ｃｒ１ＭｏＶ钢回火脆化的影响。结果表明，该钢存在两个不同的回火冷速敏感性温度区间；高于６４０℃回火，铁素体基体中沉淀析出碳化物以ＶＣ类型为主，回火脆性没有明显的冷速舔生，低于６４０℃回火，基体中沉淀析出的碳化物以Ｆｅ３Ｃ类型为主，回火脆化具有明显的冷速敏感性和可逆性。     

18Cr－2Mo铁素体不锈钢｛100｝面上相的沉淀

研究了１８Ｃｒ－２Ｍｏ钢的弱化机制，碳、氮、硫和钛等元素对｛１００｝面上沉淀的第二相的类型、形貌和分布特征的影响。这些元素的含量均较高时，析出大量大尺寸厚片状Ｔｉ＿２ＣＳ和Ｍ（Ｃ，Ｎ）；含量较适中时，Ｔｉ＿２ＣＳ减少，θ－Ｆｅ＿３Ｃ和Ｍ＿（２３）Ｃ＿６细片弥散分布；钛含量较低，碳、氮含量较高时，主要沉淀相是厚片状Ｍ＿（２３）Ｃ＿６，加热后冷却时析出薄片ε－Ｆｅ＿３Ｃ、Ｍ＿（２３）Ｃ＿６和Ｍ（Ｃ，Ｎ），发现这些相均可能含硫。     

超低碳Cr26—Ni28—Mo5—Cu3—Nb0.35铸造不锈钢的组织和耐蚀性能

用金相、透射电子显微镜、电子探针与扫描电镜分析研究得出超低碳Ｃｒ２６－Ｎｉ２８－Ｍｏ５－Ｃｕ３－Ｎｂ０．３５不锈钢铸态组织中含有σ相，经８５０￣１１２０℃热处理均可形成σ相，包括（Ｆｅ－Ｃｒ）σ相，（Ｆｅ－Ｍｏ）σ相和（Ｃｒ－Ｎｉ－Ｓｉ）σ相，８５０℃左右有Ｍ６Ｃ型碳化物和ＮｂＣ析出。该钢经１１５０℃２ｈ水冷固溶处理后，具有优良的耐腐蚀性能。     

超低碳Cr26－Ni28－Mo5－Cu3－Nb0．35铸造不锈钢的组织和耐蚀性能

用金相、透射电子显微镜、电子探针与扫描电镜分析研究得出，超低碳Ｃｒ２６－Ｎｉ２８－Ｍｏ５－Ｃｕ３－Ｎｂ０．３５不锈钢铸态组织中含有σ相，经８５０～１１２０℃热处理均可形成σ相，包括（Ｆｅ－Ｃｒ）σ相，（Ｆｅ－Ｍｏ）σ相和（Ｃｒ－Ｎｉ－Ｓｉ）σ相；８５０℃左右有Ｍ６Ｃ型碳化物和ＮｂＣ析出。该钢经１１５０℃２ｈ水冷固溶处理后，具有优良的耐腐蚀性能。     

18Cr—2Mo铁素体不锈钢｛100｝面上相的沉淀

研究了１８Ｃｒ－２Ｍｏ钢的弱化机制，碳、氮、硫和钛等元素对｛１００｝面上沉淀的第二相的类型、形貌和分布特征的影响。这些元素的含量均较高时，析出大量大尺寸厚片状Ｔｉ２ＣＳ和Ｍ（Ｃ，Ｎ）；含量较适中时，Ｔｉ２ＣＳ减少，θ－Ｆｅ３Ｃ和Ｍ２３Ｃ６细片弥散分布；钛含量较低，碳、氮含量较高时，主要沉淀相是厚片状Ｍ２３Ｃ６，加热后冷却时析出薄片状ε－Ｆｅ３Ｃ、Ｍ２３Ｃ６和Ｍ（Ｃ，Ｎ），发现这些相均可能含硫。     

合金元素钼对渗碳过程中碳化物形态的影响

通过萃取复型观察和对衍射花样的标定，研究了深层渗碳过程中析出碳化物的形态和分布，实验结果表明：渗碳过程中析出的形态较好的碳化物，象点状、球状和椭球状碳化物均为钼的碳化物；而形态较差的针状、网状则为（Ｃｒ、Ｆｅ）７Ｃ３和（Ｆｅ，Ｍ）３Ｃ。并对其形成机理进行了初步探讨     

PREP法FGH95粉末中亚稳碳化物的稳定化处理

实验结果表明，对ＰＲＥＰ法ＦＧＨ９５合金粉末进行预热处理。可以使亚稳碳化物（ＭＣ’）向稳定型的ＭＣ、Ｍ２３Ｃ６、Ｍ６Ｃ型碳化物转变，明显改变碳化物的分布状态，有效地抑制ＰＰＢ的形成。     

锰和炼钢工业历史的发展

锰和炼钢工业历史的发展（上接１９９５年第６期）６锰对钢的特性的影响锰原子半径，与铁原子半径相接近，相反地其熔点较铁熔点（１５３６℃）要低，约为１２４４℃，它与碳能生成５种不同形式的碳化物；主要碳化物Ｍｎ３Ｃ与Ｆｅ３Ｃ能生成一系列连续的固熔体，由于这个...     

回火温度对0．2C－14Co－12Ni－3Cr－1Mo钢组织与性能的影响

在４３０℃回火，板条间存在的渗碳体使０．２Ｃ－１４Ｃｏ－１２Ｎｉ－３Ｃｒ－１Ｍｏ钢的冲击韧性和断裂韧性出现最低值。４５０℃回火导致了硬化峰（σ＿ｂ≈２１０５ＭＰａ），主要是细小共格析出的碳化物所致。最佳的性能配合为拉森－米勒参数（ＬＭＰ）等于２８０００～２８３００时的回火温度。对应的回火温度为４８２℃。     

China's Major Non-ferrous Metals Imports & Exports

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Zinc Production by Province in 2014

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80% of Chinese Firms Purchasing Overseas Mines Ended up in the Red

<正>Minmetals Resources acquired the world’s largest copper mine under construction for USD5.85 billion.One after another,listed companies Jien Nickle,China Molybdenum and Chihong Zinc and Germanium raised money to get involved in overseas mining projects…SOEs and private enterprises are engaged in a frenzy of overseas mine purchasing.A reporter with Economic     

Copper Processing Profit Dropped Sharply,Copper Consumption Will Face Impact in the Second Half of the Year

正Judging from China’s copper consumption field,the biggest consumption unit is electric power,which accounts for 47%of total consumption;it is followed by light industry sector,including household electrical appliance,machinery,durable goods and hardware etc,which accounts for 22%of total consumption;followed by transportation field,     

Central Geological Prospecting Fund Newly Added 16.47 Million Tonnes of Bauxite in 2013

正In 2013,the Central Geological Prospecting Fund(CGPF)Project newly discovered 15 ore fields,including 3 large above ore fields,and 5medium sized ore fields.The reporter learned from the recently published"Annual Report of Central Geological Prospecting Fund Project(2013)"that,from 2006 to 2013 the CGPF     

Manufacturers of Copper Tube for Central Air Conditioner Use Face Mounting Pressure in the Final Quarter of the Year

正This year,the investment growth rate of real estate industry continued to slow down,sold area of commercial housing also dropped significantly,which brought huge pressure to the domestic air conditioning manufactures.In the first half of the year,by relying on high growth in national financial expenditure,along with investment in public infrastructure     

Xinjiang Ranks No.1 in Production of Primary Aluminum in China

正Kang Yi,Honorary Chairman of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association,said recently at the Forum on Development of the Non-ferrous Metals Industry in Central and Western China held in Zhengzhou that,as more and more electrolytic aluminum factories in Xinjiang came into operation,the electrolytic aluminum output of Xinjiang had reached2,275,000 tons in the first 7 months this year,     

Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power Completed800,000 t/a Aluminum Project in Xinjiang

正"Xinjiang project has been completed according to schedule,but total completion and total start of production are two different concepts,after completion it still needs a gradual process of reaching production target."On the morning of November 3,Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power told investors the above statement on the investor interaction platform.     

Guangdong Metal Transaction Center has Become the Second Largest Precious Metal Transaction Platform Nationwide

正The reporter learned from Guangdong Province Precious Metal Transaction Center that in 2013the Center maintained healthy development momentum,and had become the second largest precious metal transaction platform in China in terms of market size;currently Guangdong is quickening steps of financial innovation for the Center,aiming to build a transaction center with international core competitiveness.     

Seven Rare Earth Projects Involving Close to 3 Billion Yuan Investment Landed In the HighTech Zone

正On May 22,Baotou Rare Earth Industry Cooperation Consultation MeetingProject Agreement-signing Ceremony was held in Ningbo,nearly 40 enterprises from Ningbo,Guangdong,Hunan,and Shanxi participated in project consultation.After multi-lateral communication,agreements were signed for a total of 7 rare earth projects successfully.