溶剂萃取在硫化铜矿的湿法工艺中的应用研究

本文是关于Ｌｉｘ９８４Ｎ对硫化铜矿酸浸液的萃取工艺研究。通过单级萃取条件试验及串级萃取条件试验及串级萃取模拟实验确定出最佳工艺参数。经过两极逆流萃取，一级反萃取，铜的萃取率可达９８％以上，反萃率９９％以上。该工艺技术可行，经济合理。     

P5708,P350萃取分离铟,铁工艺研究

研究了Ｐ５７０８，Ｐ３５０混合萃取剂萃取分离铟，铁的最佳工艺条件。对锌置换渣浸出液和模拟液进行试验，经萃取，洗涤和反萃取三步处理，铟的回收率大于９０％，除铁率大于９８％。     

用萃取法从攀枝花选钛尾矿中提钪

本研究旨在从攀枝花选钛尾矿中提取钪。先将选钛尾矿分选成含钪１２１ｇ／ｔ的钪精矿,再经盐酸浸出,作为提钪原料。采用ＴＢＰ萃取钪,钪的萃取率为９８．９％;用氢氧化钠反萃,反萃率为９７．９０％;对萃取液或反萃液采用氢氧化钠、草酸盐精制,得到了９９．９６％的Ｓｃ２Ｏ３产品。     

三烷基叔胺萃取分离铂新工艺试验研究

应用国产混合三烷基叔胺从石油亚砜（ＰＳＯ）萃钯余液中萃取分离铂，研究结果表明，铂的萃取率大于９９．９９％，反萃率大于９９．９９％，直收率８２．１４％，总收率～１００％，产品纯度９９．９９％。     

用草酸溶液从负载稀土的P204中直接反萃取沉淀稀土

侧重介绍了用草酸溶液从负载钕的Ｐ２０４中直接反萃取沉淀草酸钕的小型试验与台架试验结果。用０．２－０．４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的草酸溶液与ｃ（钕）＝０．０６２－０．１３８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的有机相混合１５ｍｉｎ,剩余草酸在０．１１－０．２２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内,钕的一步反萃取率为９９．５％,在相同条件下,各种稀土元素的反萃取次序是：轻稀土〉中稀土〉重稀土。     

用萃取法从尾矿次氯酸钠浸出溶液中回收钼酸铵的研究

本文叙述了用肿胺，叔胺萃取法从精选尾矿的次氯酸钠浸出液中回收钼的工艺过程及因素，并工业试验验证，硫酸－盐酸混酸体系萃取，氨水反萃取，中和沉淀钼，工艺流程简单，便于实现工业生产。采用原液预处理法有效地解决了反萃取乳化，无机盐－活性炭净化法制得了优级钼酸铵，萃余液酸度控制法确保贫有机相循环使用，减少了钼损失。半工业试验的钼萃取率，仲胺７２０３大于９８％。叔胺７３０１大于９６％，反萃取率均大于９８％。     

关于N235—酒石酸体系萃取分离锗锌的研究

Ｎ２３５－酒石酸萃取体系能很好地从硫酸锌浸出液中分离锗锌。经五级逆流萃取后，锗的萃取率为９９％以上，而Ｚｎ＾２＋、Ｆｅ＾２＋等基本不被萃取。用ＮａＯＨ反萃，锗的反萃率达到１００％，反萃液调ｐＨ＝８￣１０进行水解或在ｐＨ＝１２添加Ｚｎ＾２＋、Ｃａ＾２＋、Ａｌ＾３＋等可制得含锗达１２％以上的锗精矿。     

用Kelex100由高碱度铝酸钠溶液中萃取镓

用Ｋｅｌｅｘ１００从高碱度铝酸钠溶液中萃取回收镓，反萃获得的含镓液经适当处理后电解得纯度为９９．９９％金属镓。萃取体系引入加速剂后可以加快萃取速率。     

真空蒸馏法制取高纯金属锂工业试验

着重介绍了高纯金属锂工业试验流程、真空蒸馏法提纯锂的原理和连续式锂真空蒸馏炉的特点，并根据工业试验结果讨论了锂的蒸发速度和设备产能、工业试验产品高纯锂的质量以及金属锂回收率等问题。试验结果表明，设备能耗低，７５０℃时蒸馏锂纯度９９９％以上，产能达１５ｔ／ａ。     

N235萃取碲及其机理研究

研究了用工业萃取剂Ｎ２３５从盐酸体系中萃取碲的性能及机理,考察了盐酸浓度,氢离子浓度,氯离子浓度与萃取剂性能的关系。当盐浓度≥３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ时,Ｔｅ（Ⅳ）的萃取率达９９．７５％以上。用斜率法及饱和法研究了萃取平衡反应,确定了萃取率高的萃合物组成为ＨＴｅＣｌ５．３Ｎ２３５。     

海绵铁中提取镓的研究

采用高酸浸出———铁粉还原浸出———富集———除铁———还原萃取工艺从海绵铁中回收镓。酸浸条件为起始酸度180g/LH2SO4、最终pH0 2、温度80℃。中浸采用铁粉调节pH4 2,经过3次循环,镓浸出率92 6%。以10%P204+90%磺化煤油+1 5%YW-100为萃取剂,水相与有机相相比为5∶1,pH1 5,镓的萃取率为99%。用6mol/L分析纯盐酸作反萃剂,反萃级数为3级,经氨水沉淀得到产物镓的纯度为97%。     

黄金冶炼废水铜的萃取回收

采用萃取工艺从黄金冶炼废水中回收铜,考查了萃取剂浓度、相比O/A、混合时间、pH值等因素对铜萃取率的影响,获得优化工艺条件:萃取剂浓度为20%,相比O/A=2:1,混合时间为3 min,pH值1.5～2。在优化工艺条件下开展了工业试验,铜萃取率可达95%以上,反萃液铜离子浓度可达到36 g/L以上,满足铜电积工序要求,实现了铜的高效回收。     

氯盐体系铟萃取富集试验

针对氯盐体系铟的萃取进行萃取体系、酸度、萃取剂浓度、相比和时间条件试验,对反萃过程中关键影响因素盐酸浓度进行试验。最佳萃取工艺参数为:有机相30%P204、相比(O/A)=1/3、皂化率60%、初始水相pH=0.5、室温混合5min;铟一级萃取率能够达到97.01%,三级逆流萃取能够稳定达到99.5%。反萃工艺参数为相比10/1、盐酸浓度3mol/L、室温混合5min,一级反萃率75.52%,三级反萃率达到100%。经萃取、洗涤、反萃后,铟回收率达到96.8%。     

N235萃取镍钼矿硫酸浸出液中钼的研究

对N235萃取镍钼矿酸浸液中的钼进行了实验研究,确定了萃取和反萃步骤的最优条件。结果表明,三级逆流萃取率可达99.7%,而一级反萃率可达95.5%,反萃液钼浓度约为100 g/L,整个工艺的金属钼直收率可达98%以上。通过该工艺可实现镍钼矿酸浸液中的镍钼分离,以及钼的富集和部分除杂。     

Solvent extraction of La（III） with 2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid-2-ethylhexyl ester （EHEHPA） by membrane dispersion micro-extractor

The conventional rare earth solvent extraction equipments have many problems such as long mixing time, low processing capacity, large factory area occupation, high energy consumption and so on. In order to solve the problems, many types of equipments were brought out. In this work, studies were carried out on the La（III） extraction process with 2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid-2-ethylhexyl ester （EHEHPA） by membrane dispersion micro-extractor. Equilibrium studies showed that the initial aqueous pH value 4.15 with the saponification rate 40%was the optimal operation condition. The effects of membrane dispersion micro-extractor operational conditions such as dispersion mode, bulk flow rate and organic phase flow rate on the extraction efficiency were studied. The results showed that when the organic solution was the dispersed phase, the extraction efficiency was higher than that of others. Increasing bulk flow ratio could enhance the extraction efficiency greatly. When the ratio of organic phase flow rate to that of aque-ous phase was 80：80, the extraction efficiency was over 95%. The effect of stripping phase acidity on the La（III） recovery was studied. The results showed that when the stripping phase pH was 2.0, organic phase flow rate to stripping phase flow rate was 20：80;the re-covery efficiency of La（III） can reach 82%.     

Application of P507 and isooctanol extraction system in recovery of scandium from simulated red mud leach solution

The current recovery technique of Sc was complicated and the chemical consumption was high. This was due to the low content of Sc in resources and the difficulty of stripping. In this research, the isooctanol was added into the 2-ethylhexyl phosphonic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester (P507) extraction system to reduce the extraction and improve the stripping of Sc. The maximum stripping ratio of Sc from loaded organic phase by sulfuric acid can increase from 10% (without isooctanol) to 99% (with 15 vol% isooctanol). In the extraction test of the simulated red mud leaching liquor, the separation factors between Sc and Zr, Sc and Ti are 36 and 350, separately. At the same time, other metals are almost not extracted. The high selectivity and stripping of Sc suggest that the P507 with isooctanol extraction system can be applied in the practical Sc recovery process.     

从钨矿苏打浸出液中直接萃取钨的连续运转试验

采用工业实际钨矿苏打浸出液在离心萃取系统中进行了季铵盐直接萃取钨的连续运转试验。结果表明,过程运行稳定;当料液中Mo/WO3在4%左右时,在优化的操作条件下,WO3的萃取率大于97%,反萃液WO3浓度大于160g/L,杂质P、Si的除去率大于97%。长期运转试验表明,有机相在累计运转1000h后萃取-反萃取性能保持不变。试验结果为碱性介质萃取钨新工艺的工业化铺平了道路。     

浸锌渣夹带水溶锌的湿法提取工艺试验

针对湿法炼锌产出的铅银渣和铁矾渣夹带水溶锌含量高的问题,采用洗涤—净化—萃取工艺回收锌,考察反应温度、酸度、时间等因素的影响,得到优化工艺条件。在室温、液固比5∶1、洗水酸度5g/L、洗涤时间30min的条件下进行洗涤,铅银渣和铁矾渣中锌的回收率可分别达到61.4%和79.6%。以熟石灰为中和剂对溶液进行中和净化,控制终点pH 4.0,溶液中的铁可完全沉淀去除,锌几乎没有损失(<0.9%)。在有机相组成30%P204+70%磺化煤油、萃取相比O/A=2/3、萃取混合时间3min条件下萃取锌,经三级逆流萃取,锌萃取达到96%以上,再用锌电积贫液反萃,得到富锌溶液。该工艺操作简单,实现了浸锌渣中夹带水溶锌的资源化利用,还可与原有湿法炼锌工艺有机衔接。     

酸浸-萃取-氨沉淀法从石煤钒矿中提取钒

采用氧化焙烧脱炭-硫酸氧化浸出-P204+TBP溶剂萃取-氨水沉钒的工艺方法,从江西某石煤钒矿中提取V2O5,考察了硫酸用量、萃取及反萃次数、反萃液pH值对工艺过程的影响。试验结果表明:钒矿破碎后在硫酸溶液中用氯酸钠进行氧化浸出,钒的浸出率可达到96%以上;用P204+TBP溶剂萃取和稀硫酸溶液反萃,再用氨水沉淀钒,最终得到纯度98.0%以上的V2O5产品;从石煤钒矿到V2O5的总收率可达86.14%～93.09%。该工艺对钒的回收效果明显,操作简单,生产成本低,对环境污染较小。     

Study on a novel flat renewal supported liquid membrane with D2EHPA and hydrogen nitrate for neodymium extraction

The Nd(III) extraction in flat renewal supported liquid membrane(FRSLM),with polyvinylidene fluoride membrane and renewal solution including HNO3 solution as the stripping solution and di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid(D2EHPA) dissolved in kerosene as the membrane solution,was investigated.The effects of pH in the feed phase,volume ratio of membrane solution to stripping solution,concentra-tion of HNO3 solution and concentration of carrier in the renewal phase on extraction of Nd(III) were also studied,respectively.As a result,the optimum extraction conditions of Nd(III) were obtained when concentration of HNO3 solution was 4.00 mol/L,concentration of D2EHPA was 0.100 mol/L,and volume ratio of membrane solution to stripping solution was 1.00 in the renewal phase,and pH was 4.60 in the feed phase.When initial concentration of Nd(III) was 2.00×10-4 mol/L,the extraction percentage of Nd(III) was up to 92.9% in 75 min.