抚州市城区垃圾收运系统规划初探

通过对抚州市城区垃圾调查,了解了城区垃圾分布,计算了垃圾产量,结合城市垃圾现状,对规划、设计符合抚州市经济发展规模的垃圾收运系统进行了探讨与优化,并提出一些处理、管理垃圾的意见。     

抚州市城区垃圾收运系统规划初探

通过对抚州市城区垃圾调查,了解了城区垃圾分布,计算了垃圾产量,结合城市垃圾现状,对规划、设计符合抚州市经济发展规模的垃圾收运系统进行了探讨与优化,并提出一些处理、管理垃圾的意见.     

抚州市红色旅游资源开发与保护

红色旅游资源是旅游资源中的重要组成部分,其保护与开发既有经济意义,更有教育与政治意义.对抚州市红色旅游资源进行开发和保护,不但能有效地促进抚州市经济建设,另外通过红色旅游资源的开发和保护也能很好提高抚州市在国内乃至国外的知名度,这对抚州的经济发展与社会进步将大有裨益.抚州红色旅游资源非常丰富,但同时也存在一些不利因素.文章通过对抚州市红色旅游资源现状进行分析后.提出积极引进民间资本、实现红色旅游资源开放式综合开发、加强旅游产业基础设施建设等多个方面保护与开发抚州红色旅游资源的建议.     

垃圾土变形特性及防渗膜受力的试验研究

垃圾填埋场中垃圾土的降解是垃圾填埋场沉降的主要原因，而垃圾填埋场的沉降对HPDE衬垫膜的受力和工作状态有显著的影响，HPDE衬垫膜的设计需要考虑垃圾填埋场沉降的作用，文章通过垃圾土中有机物的降解试验和垃圾土柱沉降试验，推求了考虑垃圾土压缩和降解的变形计算方法，进行了垃圾填埋场的离心模型试验，探讨了垃圾填埋场中垃圾体的变形分布规律和衬垫膜的受力特征，对衬垫膜的设计计算方法进行了研究。     

罗河简易生活垃圾填埋场封场设计

罗河简易生活垃圾填埋场封场设计，分别对封场总体方案设计中终场覆盖、垃圾防护主坝、排洪设施、填埋气导排及处理系统的结构选择进行了探讨，并结合具体情况进行了优化设计，最大限度地减少垃圾填埋场对周围环境的影响，节省投资。     

水体污染处理机器人垃圾收集装置设计与仿真分析

针对国内水体污染治理的需求，设计了一款智能化的水体污染处理机器人。通过对水面垃圾收集需求进行分析，设计了相应实现机构，利用SolidWorks软件建立收集装置的三维模型；对机器人的垃圾收集装置进行运动学仿真，获取关键节点的速度、加速度和位移曲线的变化。结果表明：垃圾收集装置运动平稳，验证了结构设计的合理性。在极限工况下，对垃圾收集装置进行静力学分析，各零件的最大应力均小于许用应力，表明垃圾收集装置满足刚度和强度要求。     

垃圾渗滤液处理技术研究进展

介绍了渗滤液产生来源和特点，指出垃圾渗滤液是一种非常复杂的、难以生物处理的污水，并对垃圾渗滤液物理化学处理、生物处理及土地处理法进行了探讨，重点介绍了渗滤液的土地处理，包括渗滤液回灌、人工湿地法和渗滤液矿化垃圾生物反应床处理技术，指出了土地法处理垃圾渗滤液无论在技术上还是经济上比较是可行的。     

矿化垃圾作用下餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵产氢试验研究

采用添加填埋10年的矿化垃圾对餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵产氢过程的影响进行了两批试验。第一批试验主要初步探讨矿化垃圾接种量对餐厨垃圾产氢影响，此批试验结果表明：添加矿化垃圾可以提高餐厨垃圾产氢浓度（由24％提高到30％）；第二批试验是研究矿化垃圾和污泥联合作用对餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵产氢的影响，实验结果表明：添加矿化垃圾后餐厨垃圾厌氧产氢的比氢气产率升高，从60mL／gVS提高到102mL／gVS，最大氢气浓度从33％提高到37％。     

深圳下坪垃圾填埋场滑坡成因分析及综合治理

在对深圳下坪垃圾填埋场滑坡进行滑坡成因和滑体稳定性分析的基础上，经方案比较，采用了适合垃圾填埋场生产工艺特点的、快速的、节省投资的综合治理措施，使垃圾填埋场仍安全生产。     

城市生活垃圾的热工特生分析及焚烧过程

本文系统地分析与论述了城市生活垃圾的热工特生及焚烧过程，通过对垃圾的元素和民分分析，估算垃圾失氏位发热值，来确定垃圾能否采用焚烧技术进行处理。同时对焚烧炉体体必须重视预热干燥段结构的设计，也进行了论述 。     

冶金技术在城市固体废弃物处理中的应用前景

利用冶金技术处理城市固体废弃物,不仅有利于发挥钢铁企业的城市友好功能,而且可以低成本地实现废弃物处理的无害化、减量化、资源化。介绍了4种利用冶金工艺及设备处理固体废弃物的技术：利用焦化工艺处理废塑料技术、利用焦炉热解处理城市生活垃圾,高炉喷吹废塑料技术和利用电弧炉熔融处理垃圾焚烧灰技术。     

熔渣法城市垃圾高温焚烧技术试验研究

介绍了应用冶金技术开发的一种熔渣法处理城市垃圾的新工艺。用该工艺处理垃圾,具有使垃圾彻底无害化、减容化、资源化等特点,尤其适合特种垃圾的处理。为我国城市垃圾处理开拓了一条新路。     

Life-Cycle Assessment of Waste Management Greenhouse Gas Emissions Using Municipal Waste Combustor Data

This paper compares life-cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from two municipal solid waste (MSW) management options, municipal waste combustion, and landfilling, using a U.S. EPA life-cycle assessment (LCA) model, the MSW Decision Support Tool. Unlike previously reported LCAs, key combustion model inputs—total MSW carbon content and its biogenic/fossil split—are determined not from MSW composition studies, but from measurements taken at operating municipal waste combustors (MWCs). MWC measurement data show U.S. MSW carbon content averages of 30% with a biogenic/fossil split of 66%/34%. The LCA also considers a range of landfilling scenarios which account not only for alternative landfill gas (LFG) management techniques, but also for the variability of landfill methane generation and capture. The LCA found that for the range of inputs and scenarios considered, municipal waste combustion outperforms landfilling in terms of GHG emissions, regardless of the LFG management technique.     

Characteristics of Chlorine and Carbon Flow in Two Municipal Waste Incinerators in Taiwan

Characteristics of chlorine and carbon flow at two municipal solid waste incinerators (MWIs) equipped with different air pollution control devices in Taiwan are investigated based on sampling/analysis and system operating data. The distributions of chlorine and carbon at various locations were evaluated based on the mass concentrations and emission rates. The removal efficiencies of HCl are 88.3 and 94.1% at MWI-A and MWI-B, respectively. Approximately 60% of the chlorinated compounds (expressed as chlorine) from municipal solid waste (MSW) at both MWIs exists in particulate form after incineration and is captured by the baghouse or electrostatic precipitator. The rest, 30–40% of the chlorine, is removed with bottom ash and wet scrubbing liquid or cyclone ash discharge at both MWIs. The results indicate that approximately 98% of the carbonaceous compounds contained in MSW is converted to CO2 and emitted from the stack at both MWIs due to good incineration efficiency. CO2 emission factors are 845 and 816 kg/ton waste for MWI-A and MWI-B, respectively. The mass percentages of chlorine and carbon in the municipal solid waste are then back-computed. The chlorine contents are 0.53 and 0.72% whereas the carbon contents of MSW are back-calculated as 23.5 and 22.7% for MWI-A and MWI-B, respectively.     

Progressive Failure of Lined Waste Impoundments

Progressive failure can occur along geosynthetic interfaces in lined waste landfills when peak strengths are greater than residual strengths. A displacement-softening formulation for geosynthetic interfaces was used in finite-element analyses of lined waste impoundments to evaluate the significance of progressive failure effects. First, the Kettleman Hills landfill was analyzed, and good agreement was found between the calculated and observed failure heights. Next, parametric analyses of municipal solid waste landfills were performed. Progressive failure was significant in all cases. Limit equilibrium analyses were also performed, and recommendations are provided for incorporating progressive failure effects in limit equilibrium analyses of municipal solid waste landfills.     

Municipal Solid Waste Slope Failure. I: Waste and Foundation Soil Properties

This paper describes a slope failure in a municipal solid waste landfill, with lateral and vertical displacements of up to 275 and 61 m, respectively. The wasteslide involved approximately 1.2 million m3 of waste, making it the largest landfill slope failure to occur in the United States. Failure developed through the weak native soil underlying the waste. The analyses and related studies conducted to determine the cause of the failure are the subject of this and a companion paper by Stark et al. (2000). To facilitate the analyses, this paper investigates shear strength of municipal solid waste using field and laboratory test results and back-analysis of failed waste slopes. It also presents details of a geological study and laboratory testing program undertaken to quantify the mobilized shear strength of the weak native soil.     

浅谈城市生活垃圾填埋场总体布置

以某县城市生活垃圾填埋场为例,介绍了城市生活垃圾填埋场总体布置中应注意的主体设施、配套工程及辅助设施、地表水和地下水收集系统、填埋场封场覆盖系统以及设备选型等问题。     

生活垃圾收运路线优化——以崇明县某镇为例

以崇明岛某镇为例，采用最邻近算法和插入改善法优化其城市生活垃圾收运路线。该方法获得的路径长度可比实际运行线路长度降低3．4％，并在GIS地图中直观明了地显示出优化线路：     

Gas-Phase Mass Transfer Processes in Landfill Microbiology

This report assesses gas-phase mass transfer processes in landfills with respect to their influence on waste biodegradation. Gas-phase transport must dominate in many regions of the waste because aqueous-phase transport is restricted, the environment is largely unsaturated, and substantial quantities of gas are produced. Analysis of landfill gas and landfill gas condensate at four municipal solid waste landfills in the eastern United States demonstrated that both volatile fatty acids and microorganisms are transported in the gas phase. The heterogeneity, mass transfer limitations, and significant thermal gradients in waste environments imply that gas-phase processes can play crucial roles in waste decomposition, for example by regulating local pH and distributing trace nutrients. A conceptual framework describing these processes is presented. Implications for waste management, landfill design, energy production, air emissions, and anaerobic microbiology are discussed.