邯钢8号高炉风口带冷却壁破损原因及对策

介绍邯钢公司8号高炉风口带冷却壁设计特点和损坏的情况,并从高炉设计、冷却壁设计以及高炉的冶炼条件等多方面对冷却壁损坏的原因进行分析,提出了板壁结合、铜冷却壁等改进建议.     

关于如何延长高炉铜冷却壁寿命的探讨

针对当前高炉铜冷却壁过早损坏、炉墙波动大的现状,对铜冷却壁有镶砖和无镶砖条件下的传热特性进行了深入研究,得出了延长高炉铜冷却壁寿命的关键在于延长镶砖寿命这一认识。在此基础上,提出了延长镶砖寿命的措施在于控制适当的边缘气流,以及以铜冷却壁温度为标准的合理控制区间。通过国内外高炉的案例调研,指出了控制冷却壁温度延长铜冷却壁寿命的有效性,最后提出了当镶砖脱落后可及时采取降料面喷涂来延长铜冷却壁寿命的措施。     

邯宝炼铁厂2#高炉冷却壁维护与生产实践

对邯宝炼铁厂2#高炉冷却壁的破损情况及生产维护进行了分析。采取加强原燃料日常管理、确定合理的操作制度、优化上下部调剂等措施后,2#高炉实现了稳定顺行。在修补损坏冷却壁的同时,开孔安装铜质微型冷却棒后,改善了冷却壁的冷却效果,有效控制了冷却壁的损坏问题。     

由冷却壁损坏谈高炉长寿

南钢两座新建大型高炉,设计采用了较多长寿技术,但投产不到一年时间冷却壁开始损坏,两年内大量损坏,严重影响高炉顺行和技术经济指标。2007年6月项修将2000m^3高炉B1段冷却壁更换为铸铜冷却壁,目前运行情况良好。2009年4月项修更换2500m^3高炉S1、S2段铜冷却壁,现已顺利投产。本文分析冷却壁损坏原因,进而探讨高炉长寿技术,提出高炉长寿建议。     

炼铁厂3号高炉中修及球墨铸铁冷却壁破损分析

介绍了首钢3号高炉炉体中修情况及球墨铸铁冷却壁应用状况,着重分析了球墨铸铁冷却壁破损机理及3号高炉冷却壁损坏的原因,并提出了3号高炉冷却系统的改进措施。     

宝钢高炉冷却壁存在问题及对策

介绍了国内外大型高炕应用冷却壁的情况,分析了宝钢３ＢＦ冷却壁水管早期损坏的原因及采取的对策。当冷却壁式高炉内衬被侵蚀或冷却壁水管被烧损时,采用高效冷却筒来加强冷却,取得了良好的效果,对冷却壁高炉具有推广价值。     

料钟,冷却壁损坏原因与改进的探讨

林钢2~#高炉于1988年2月停炉改造,投产2年后,镶砖冷却壁出现漏水现象。到1991年10月26日停炉中修,共出现7块冷却壁漏水。本文对中修拆换下的料钟及冷却壁损坏情况的检测进行了详细的叙述。并针对大小料钟不同的磨损情况和冷却壁的漏水现象及断水处理后对相邻冷却壁的连带影响等,进行了分析。提出了改善高炉操作;改善料钟磨损环境;改进冷却壁本体结构和进出水管与炉壳连接方法等观点,供中小高炉借鉴。 料钟和冷却壁是决定一代高炉寿命的关键设备。为查清料钟、冷却壁损坏的原因,寻找延长使用寿命的方法,我们对1991年2~#高炉中修时拆换下的料钟和镶砖冷却壁,进行了损坏程度的测定与原因分析,现将测定分析结论及改进建议综述如下。     

铜冷却壁冷却恢复技术的传热过程

 铜冷却壁在正常状态时由于良好的导热性,在其热面形成稳定的渣铁壳,起到保护冷却壁的作用。近几年,高炉的铜冷却壁水管损坏时有发生,而当冷却壁水管损坏1或2根时,冷却壁能否继续正常工作值得研究。计算了铜冷却壁在水管完好和部分水管损坏时的温度场分布,发现单根水管损坏使热面温度急剧升高近110℃,加剧冷却壁烧损,需及时恢复冷却壁的冷却能力。通过用金属软管修复破损水管,分析了软管直径、水速、水管填料的导热系数等因素对冷却壁温度场的影响。结果表明,软管在允许条件下应选用较大内径,选取较大导热系数的填料。利用软管修复单个水管后,壁体最高温度下降约90℃,对于损坏少数水管的冷却壁能有效修复。     

高炉铜冷却壁损坏的原因及解决对策

结合铜冷却壁热面损坏的考察情况,对目前铜冷却壁的损坏原因及解决对策进行了详细阐述。重点分析了渣皮脱落导致的机械磨损及"氢病"对铜冷却壁寿命的影响,认为由于炉况不稳定导致的渣皮频繁脱落是造成铜冷却壁机械磨损的主要原因,"氢病"导致的铜冷却壁的膨胀加速了铜冷却壁的磨损。为延长铜冷却壁的寿命,提出了如下对策:在铜冷却壁热面设置凸台,严格控制铜冷却壁本体铜料的含氧量,改进高炉内型设计,保证高炉冷却系统设计的可靠,避免采用过度发展边沿气流的操作方针。     

武钢7号高炉炉腹铜冷却壁损坏原因分析

在武钢7号高炉改造性检修期间,对6段铜冷却壁损坏原因进行调查分析.分析结果表明,5段风口铸铁冷却壁损坏,特别是风口冷却壁铸体被侵蚀掉,渣铁大量进入铜冷却壁背面,烧坏进水管,是6段炉腹铜冷却壁损坏的主要原因.采取对炉腹6段铜冷却壁进水冷面增加凸台的结构改进,并减小风口冷却壁上部厚度,增加风口带砖衬的厚度,可减少风口冷却壁和炉腹冷却壁损坏.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

Comparison of the results of surgical and conservative treatment of fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia

In this paper is treated the fundamental problematic of the fracture of the diaphysis of the tibia and the therapeutic results after the conservative and operative treatment are confronted. Among 518 patients with 433 open fractures and 35 with closed fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia, successful treatment of more 2/3 was obtained in the period from 1968 to 1972. Following our casuistics and literature, whose results are similar, we find out that the average total treatment of the osteosynthesis of the fracture of the diaphysis was shortened for 2,5 months depending upon the type and the localisation of the fracture. Apolied methods of the operative and conservative and conservative treatment in relation to the velocity of the medical cure as well as to the extreme anatomical-functional results are analised. We noticed that osteosynthesis, made by the intermedullary nail and the extension of the canals or by a small AO table, by the achieved stability makes conditions of immediate motions and an early rehabilitation. Because of that it gives the best functional results.     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

参与式农业基地建设行动方案设计

为了编制实用性强的基地建设行动方案,首先,确定参与式发展的主体,搭建一个"决策框架";其次,针对行动目标,提出不同参与主体,如管理者、农民、消费者等团队与个人的目标及行动内容;最后,工作应向重塑伙伴式合作关系,挖掘农民自我发展潜力,完成三大角色的转换,打造农业基地文化等方向推进.