异步轧制对高压电解电容器用铝箔织构的影响

利用异步轧制技术对高压电解电容器用高纯铝进行冷轧,研究了异步轧制参数对铝箔冷轧织构的影响.结果表明:异步轧制的搓轧区效应,可使铝箔形成不同于同步轧制的6种主要织构的含量与分布.慢辊侧的织构总体含量高于快辊侧总体含量;S{123}(634)织构、C{112}(111)织构的变化趋势相同,立方织构{001}(100)、旋转立方织构{001}(110)的变化趋势相同;Goss织构含量较低,且对快慢辊、形变量、速比都不敏感.织构的体积分数对速比敏感,同时调整速比与终道次形变量,可提高冷轧织构的含量.结合实际要求形变量,速比控制在1.06和1.13,可获得含量高于同步轧制的冷轧织构.     

预退火温度对Ni-5%W合金立方再结晶织构的影响

作为制备高温超导涂层导体的金属镍基带,需要具有良好的立方织构,而轧制变形量和退火温度对金属镍基体立方织构的形成有很大的影响。采用电子背散射衍射(EBSD)技术研究了不同预退火温度对冷轧形变量为89%的Ni-5%W(原子分数)合金立方再结晶织构的影响。样品先在300和670℃预退火1 h,然后经10%小变形量冷轧,最后在900℃退火1 h。结果表明:预处理温度对于立方再结晶织构的形成有重要的影响,经300℃预回复和670℃部分再结晶退火之后的样品在最终退火后都形成了较高含量的立方织构,且预退火温度对立方晶粒的形核、数量和尺寸有重要作用,经部分再结晶退火之后的样品在最终退火后形成的立方织构含量明显高于经预回复的样品。分析认为,预回复和部分再结晶样品经小变形轧制后,使立方取向晶粒回复加快,增加了立方取向晶粒形核的优势,从而促进立方再结晶织构含量的增加。与此同时,由于部分再结晶预退火比预回复退火形成的立方晶核多,再经小变形量轧制后,通过尺寸优势和应变诱导晶界移动机制(SIBM),部分再结晶预退火得到更多的立方晶粒。     

异步冷轧工艺对IF钢织构的影响

对异步轧制IF钢的冷轧织构进γ行了测试分析,并与同步轧制的IF钢板的冷轧织构组分进行了比较.实验结果表明：随着冷轧压下量的增加,快、慢辊侧的γ织构组分均明显增强;异步轧制的速比显著影响γ织构组分的强弱,速比大时快、慢辊侧的组分的差异更加明显.     

冷轧工艺对Ni5W合金基带织构的影响研究

根据涂层超导应用对Ni5W合金基带织构的要求,分析研究了轧制方式、轧制工艺润滑、轧制速度等对Ni5W合金基带轧制形变织构及再结晶立方织构的影响,研究发现,往复轧制避免了不利于形成再结晶立方织构的其他冷轧取向的产生,进而在Ni5W合金基带中获得较多的C型和S型取向,利于退火过程中获得锐利的再结晶立方织构,对比分析了非润滑轧制和润滑轧制的再结晶晶界分布情况,发现非润滑轧制较润滑轧制产生的孪晶界含量少,且晶界质量比较高,并对3种不同轧制速度的轧制结果进行了分析,得出5 m.min-1为最佳的轧制速度。提出了相应的优化轧制工艺,为轧制基带的织构控制和性能优化提供参考,最终冷轧和退火后获得了长度为20 m,厚度为～63μm,立方织构含量达～99%(10°),性能均匀的Ni5W合金基带,为Ni5W合金基带长带的产业化生产奠定了基础。     

摩擦系数对高纯铝箔立方织构的影响分析

电子铝箔的立方织构是其核心控制要素。生产中发现压延的升速阶段立方织构含量低。经过研究以及测试,发现升速阶段摩擦系数高而产生摩擦热,摩擦热又导致动态回复,使成品压下轧制所导致的位错减少。因此成品退火时诱发晶界移动的驱动力减少,从而导致立方织构含量下降。     

异步轧制对SUS430铁素体不锈钢织构和深冲性能的影响

利用X射线衍射技术和金相显微镜观察等手段,研究异步轧制工艺对SUS430铁素体不锈钢组织织构与深冲性能的影响。结果表明:异步轧制技术可以适当细化再结晶晶粒,但是晶粒大小、分布不均匀。织构分析表明,采用异步一次冷轧工艺沿着板厚方向可获得均匀、完整的γ纤维织构,但强度相对较弱,而应用异步二次冷轧,经过两次退火工艺,再结晶织构弱化,获得接近随机的取向织构。综合分析表明,异步一次轧制有利于提高材料的深冲性能。     

无取向硅钢薄带的开发

以取向硅钢板为原料,采用异步轧制和织构控制技术在含硫化物气体的热处理条件下生产具有(100)织构的无取向硅钢薄带.研究了硅钢薄带厚度、退火温度对磁性能的影响,以及硫化物气氛对硅钢薄带再结晶织构的影响.结果表明,硅钢薄带磁性能对于厚度存在一个最佳值;在相同轧制条件下,退火温度为1 000 ℃,保温1 h的硅钢薄带磁性能较好;退火气氛中含硫化物有利于形成(100)面织构,从而制取高性能的无取向硅钢薄带.     

无取向硅钢异步冷轧织构沿厚度的演变

对2.2 mm厚常化后无取向硅钢(%:0.004C、3.1Si、0.33Al),以速度比为1.19异步轧制到0.5 mm厚,用取向分布函数(ODF)定量研究了异步冷轧织构沿厚度的变化。结果表明:常化后的无取向硅钢板材沿厚度方向的织构类型发生了明显的变化,中心侧反高斯织构较强,在异步冷轧后继续保持了这种状态,而表层和次表层高斯织构在冷轧后消失;冷轧后板材在快慢辊侧的织构类型没有变化,但强度发生明显的变化;异步冷轧织构沿厚度方向呈非对称分布;反高斯织构在慢辊侧的强度高于快辊侧的强度,{111}〈112〉织构出现中心低两侧高的现象,慢辊侧略高于快辊侧。     

交叉轧制及退火对钼铼合金箔材深冲性能的影响

采用交叉轧制获得钼铼合金箔材,为了对比也进行了单向轧制,对成品箔材进行了消应力退火及再结晶退火,对各状态样品进行了金相检验、杯突检验及织构分析,结果表明交叉轧制加再结晶退火可获得最佳的深冲性能.原因是不形成织构及晶界强度提高.     

铁硅合金中形成立方织构的有关问题

评述了铁硅合金中通过二次再结晶获得立方织构的一些基本规律。从变形与再结晶织构形成的机理 ,讨论了二次再结晶时立方“晶核”的获得 ,以及 (hk0 ) [0 0 1 ]初次再结晶织构的获得 ;当杂质偏聚或第二相沉积在晶界上后 ,由于不同取向晶粒间构成的晶界特性不同 ,对晶界迁移速率的影响会有很大的差别 ,讨论了获得取向合适的初次再结晶织构的重要性 ;从杂质原子在表面吸附后会降低 ( 1 0 0 )晶面的表面能 ,促使立方晶粒在最后退火时长大 ,讨论了退火气氛的重要性。根据这些原则 ,可以指导如何确定冷轧次数、冷轧变形量、中间退火温度以及最后退火温度和气氛 ,以便获得更集中的立方织构。     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

Comparison of the results of surgical and conservative treatment of fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia

In this paper is treated the fundamental problematic of the fracture of the diaphysis of the tibia and the therapeutic results after the conservative and operative treatment are confronted. Among 518 patients with 433 open fractures and 35 with closed fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia, successful treatment of more 2/3 was obtained in the period from 1968 to 1972. Following our casuistics and literature, whose results are similar, we find out that the average total treatment of the osteosynthesis of the fracture of the diaphysis was shortened for 2,5 months depending upon the type and the localisation of the fracture. Apolied methods of the operative and conservative and conservative treatment in relation to the velocity of the medical cure as well as to the extreme anatomical-functional results are analised. We noticed that osteosynthesis, made by the intermedullary nail and the extension of the canals or by a small AO table, by the achieved stability makes conditions of immediate motions and an early rehabilitation. Because of that it gives the best functional results.