无镀镍铜铝低温钎焊工艺研究

运用感应加热工艺,开发了低成本且工艺简单的无镀镍铜铝复合材料的低温分层钎焊法。试验了4种铝用钎料及其钎焊工艺代替电镀镍作为铝表面镀层,解决了铜板与铝板之间的焊接问题。观察了焊接区域的界面形貌、断后形貌,测量了焊接件的剪切强度。结果表明,高低温钎料分层钎焊工艺可以实现铜铝板的有效连接,所获得的铜铝焊接件剪切强度最高可达26 MPa,焊接区域无明显的焊接缺陷;刮擦钎焊既可以搭配高温钎料,也可以搭配低温钎料使用,并且焊接件的剪切强度能达到行业要求。     

微量Si元素对Sn-0.7Cu钎料组织及钎焊性能的影响

研究了Si元素对Sn-0.7Cu钎料合金钎焊性能的影响。采用感应熔炼工艺制备出Sn-0.7Cu-x Si (x=0,0.1,0.3,0.5,0.75,1.0;%,质量分数)钎料合金,通过扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、显微硬度计及万能拉伸实验验机等分析测试方法研究了Sn-0.7Cu-x Si钎料微观组织、界面形貌、熔化特性及力学性能。研究结果表明：加入0.1%的Si元素后,晶粒明显细化,共晶相增多,界面层厚度降低,此时硬度及抗拉强度达到最大值(HV_0.025 11.38,37 MPa);随着Si含量的继续增加,Sn-0.7Cu-x Si钎料合金晶粒逐渐粗化,共晶组织减少,同时过量黑色的Si颗粒聚集,界面处化合物层厚度不断增加;钎料的熔点随着Si含量的增加无明显变化,过冷度逐渐降低,当Si元素添加量超过0.5%后趋于稳定,相比于Sn-0.7Cu钎料合金降低了46.5%;Sn-0.7Cu-x Si钎料合金的润湿性随着Si含量的增加先升高后降低,在Si元素含量为0.5%处润湿面积最大(93.71 mm²),显微硬度及剪切强度逐渐降低。     

TiZrNiCu钎料钎焊TZM合金与ZrC_p-W复合材料界面组织与性能

采用TiZrNiCu非晶钎料实现了TZM合金与ZrC_p-W复合材料的真空钎焊连接,通过扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)及X射线衍射(XRD)等方法分析了接头界面的微观组织结构、生成产物及钎焊温度对界面组织及接头性能的影响,确定了接头的断裂位置和断裂方式。研究结果表明:钎焊接头的典型界面结构为TZM/Mo(s,s)+Ti(s,s)+(Ti,Zr)_2(Ni,Cu)/Ti(s,s)+(Ti,Zr)_2(Ni,Cu)/(Ti,Zr)_2(Ni,Cu)/ZrC_pW。随钎焊温度升高,TZM一侧扩散层逐渐变宽,其内部的线状条纹变多、增宽,而钎缝逐渐变窄,靠近ZrC_p-W一侧反应层宽度变化不大,钎料向TZM一侧扩散增快、Mo及W颗粒向钎料中的溶解加快。接头的抗剪强度随钎焊温度升高先升高后降低,当钎焊温度为1020℃、保温10 min时,接头获得最大抗剪强度为121 MPa。断口分析表明,断裂位置位于TZM母材与钎缝之间的反应层,断裂方式为脆性断裂。     

CoFeCrNiCu高熵钎料钎焊ZrB2-SiC/Nb接头组织及性能研究

采用CoFeCrNiCu高熵合金钎料实现了ZrB₂-SiC陶瓷与Nb合金的有效连接。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)及X射线衍射(XRD)等方法分析了接头界面的微观组织结构、生成产物及保温时间对界面组织及接头性能的影响,确定了接头的断裂位置和断裂方式。研究结果表明：钎焊接头的典型界面结构为ZrB₂-SiC/Cr₂B/(Cr,Fe)₂B+fcc+Cr₂B+Laves+Cu₍(s,s))/Nb。钎焊过程中,Nb合金向液态钎料中的溶解量以及液态钎料中Cr向ZrB₂-SiC陶瓷富集的数量决定了钎焊接头界面组织的形成及其演化。随着保温时间的延长,ZrB₂-SiC陶瓷侧的Cr₂B反应层增厚,钎缝中Laves相随着Nb合金向液态钎料中的溶解量增加而增加。陶瓷侧界面反应层的厚度及形态和钎缝中Laves相的形态及分布共同决定着接头的抗剪强度。当钎焊温度为1160℃,保温60 min时,接头的抗剪强度最...     

粉状铝基钎料的高频钎焊工艺研究

介绍了粉状铝基钎料的制备方法,探讨了粉状铝基钎料的工艺性能。从表面张力的角度出发,讨论了粉末粒度、氧含量、加热速度、加热均匀性、钎料钎剂比例等因素对高频铝材钎焊工艺和性能的影响。结果表明:用粒度在150~180μm的粉状铝基钎料钎焊铝材,其钎焊剪切强度较高;加热速度较快、加热盘温度均匀的钎焊效果较好;钎料钎剂的比值在10∶8~10∶10范围钎焊效果较好。     

快速凝固技术制备的铝-硅-铜钎料钎焊性能分析

分别采用氧氮测定仪、扫描电子显微镜、倒置金相显微镜测定快速凝固法制备的铝-硅基钎料粉末氧含量,观察粉末外观形貌和内部组织,并采用漫流法测量焊料铺展性能和焊接结合强度。结果表明,采用快速凝固法制备的铝-硅基钎料粉末氧含量及焊接性能均优于传统方法制备的粉状铝-硅基钎料。     

镍基钎料激光钎焊金刚石磨粒的试验研究

采用Ni基合金钎料,在Ar气保护条件下,对金刚石磨粒进行了激光钎焊试验研究.采用扫描电镜和能谱仪及X射线衍射仪对钎焊金刚石试样进行理化分析,探讨了不同工艺参数对连接界面的影响.研究结果表明,线能量密度ρ在25～30J/mm3范围, 可以实现金刚石磨粒与45号钢基体的优良焊接,在金刚石表面附近形成的富Cr层与金刚石表面的C元素反应生成碳化物,在钢基体结合界面上Ni-Cr合金钎料和钢基体中的元素相互扩散形成化学冶金结合.     

ZnO陶瓷/金属Cu钎焊接头残余应力计算

采用热弹塑性有限元分析方法,计算了方形ZnO陶瓷与金属Cu钎焊接头中残余应力的大小和分布。发现结果如下:ZnO陶瓷与金属Cu钎焊后会在接头中产生残余应力,其中ZnO陶瓷侧垂直于钎焊界面方向的轴向拉应力是影响ZnO/Cu接头性能的主要因素,轴向拉应力的最大值出现在ZnO陶瓷表面边缘靠近钎焊界面处,当钎料层厚度为0.3 mm时,拉应力在ZnO陶瓷表面边缘距ZnO/钎料层界面0.6 mm处有最大值69.75 MPa。通过钎料层不同厚度的比较计算得出,合适的钎料层厚度能降低ZnO/Cu接头的残余应力,钎料层厚度为0.1 mm时,ZnO陶瓷侧拉应力峰值最小,为30.82 MPa。此外,采用单一缺陷模型计算了钎料层中气孔缺陷的存在对ZnO陶瓷与金属Cu钎焊接头残余应力的影响。计算结果显示,气孔缺陷位于ZnO/钎料层界面时残余拉应力峰值为95.5 MPa,气孔缺陷位于Cu/钎料层界面时残余拉应力峰值为107.2 MPa,拉应力峰值相对无缺陷模型均有大幅升高。     

钯含量对Ag-Cu-Pd钎料合金组织和性能的影响

通过差热分析、扫描电镜显微组织分析、真空钎焊等手段,对不同Pd含量Ag-Cu-Pd钎料的熔化特性以及在无氧铜和镍上铺展性进行研究,并对铸态组织和钎焊界面组织进行分析.结果表明,随着Pd含量增加,Ag-Cu-Pd钎料的固相线温度、液相线温度有明显提高,固液相线温度间隔也随之增大;当Pd含量为10 %和20 %时钎料铺展性良好,且随着Pd含量增加,钎料合金铺展性降低,但当Pd增加到30 %时,钎料铺展性变差且有轻微侵蚀迹象;铸态Ag-Cu-Pd合金中Pd元素主要存在于富铜相中;Ag-28Cu-20Pd钎料焊接无氧铜板时的钎焊界面,形成连续的金属间化合物（IMC）层,钎料中Pd元素主要分布在IMC层上.      

稀土元素对低温铝基钎料性能影响的研究

本文研究了稀土元素Ｙ、Ｃｅ对Ａｌ－Ｚｎ－Ｃｕ－Ｓｉ系列低温铝基钎料的熔化温度、钎焊工艺性、电极电位及其接头的机械性能及抗腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明：少量Ｙ、Ｃｅ的加入，对钎料的熔化温度影响不大，能提高钎料的钎焊工艺性；稀土Ｙ、Ｃｅ能细化晶粒，改变组织的分布状态，不改变钎料的电极电位，但却提高了钎焊接头的机械性能和抗腐蚀性。     

China's Major Non-ferrous Metals Imports & Exports

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Zinc Production by Province in 2014

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80% of Chinese Firms Purchasing Overseas Mines Ended up in the Red

<正>Minmetals Resources acquired the world’s largest copper mine under construction for USD5.85 billion.One after another,listed companies Jien Nickle,China Molybdenum and Chihong Zinc and Germanium raised money to get involved in overseas mining projects…SOEs and private enterprises are engaged in a frenzy of overseas mine purchasing.A reporter with Economic     

Copper Processing Profit Dropped Sharply,Copper Consumption Will Face Impact in the Second Half of the Year

正Judging from China’s copper consumption field,the biggest consumption unit is electric power,which accounts for 47%of total consumption;it is followed by light industry sector,including household electrical appliance,machinery,durable goods and hardware etc,which accounts for 22%of total consumption;followed by transportation field,     

Central Geological Prospecting Fund Newly Added 16.47 Million Tonnes of Bauxite in 2013

正In 2013,the Central Geological Prospecting Fund(CGPF)Project newly discovered 15 ore fields,including 3 large above ore fields,and 5medium sized ore fields.The reporter learned from the recently published"Annual Report of Central Geological Prospecting Fund Project(2013)"that,from 2006 to 2013 the CGPF     

Manufacturers of Copper Tube for Central Air Conditioner Use Face Mounting Pressure in the Final Quarter of the Year

正This year,the investment growth rate of real estate industry continued to slow down,sold area of commercial housing also dropped significantly,which brought huge pressure to the domestic air conditioning manufactures.In the first half of the year,by relying on high growth in national financial expenditure,along with investment in public infrastructure     

Xinjiang Ranks No.1 in Production of Primary Aluminum in China

正Kang Yi,Honorary Chairman of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association,said recently at the Forum on Development of the Non-ferrous Metals Industry in Central and Western China held in Zhengzhou that,as more and more electrolytic aluminum factories in Xinjiang came into operation,the electrolytic aluminum output of Xinjiang had reached2,275,000 tons in the first 7 months this year,     

Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power Completed800,000 t/a Aluminum Project in Xinjiang

正"Xinjiang project has been completed according to schedule,but total completion and total start of production are two different concepts,after completion it still needs a gradual process of reaching production target."On the morning of November 3,Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power told investors the above statement on the investor interaction platform.     

Guangdong Metal Transaction Center has Become the Second Largest Precious Metal Transaction Platform Nationwide

正The reporter learned from Guangdong Province Precious Metal Transaction Center that in 2013the Center maintained healthy development momentum,and had become the second largest precious metal transaction platform in China in terms of market size;currently Guangdong is quickening steps of financial innovation for the Center,aiming to build a transaction center with international core competitiveness.     

Seven Rare Earth Projects Involving Close to 3 Billion Yuan Investment Landed In the HighTech Zone

正On May 22,Baotou Rare Earth Industry Cooperation Consultation MeetingProject Agreement-signing Ceremony was held in Ningbo,nearly 40 enterprises from Ningbo,Guangdong,Hunan,and Shanxi participated in project consultation.After multi-lateral communication,agreements were signed for a total of 7 rare earth projects successfully.