矿山地质灾害防治与地质环境保护探析

矿山地质灾害的预防和地质环境的保护对于实现人与自然的和谐共生至关重要。为了更深入地了解矿山地质灾害防治和地质环境保护工作的开展,本文主要介绍了矿山地质灾害防治的关键内容,讨论了矿山地质灾害预防的基本原则和保护地质环境的重要意义,并简述了山灾害防治和地质环境保护的相关内容。同时,探讨了有效的矿山地质灾害预防措施和地质环境保护的方法,并对地质环境保护的发展趋势进行了研究,目的是明确矿山地质灾害防治的重要性,推动地质环境保护政策的实施,改善矿山环境,提高矿山开采的综合效果。     

做好地质资料信息化建设的心得体会

加强地质资料信息基础设施建设,优化地质资料信息化发展环境,为地勘经济发展提供有力的地质资料支撑。笔者作为一名地质资料信息管理人员,参与了甘肃省有色金属地质勘查局地质资料信息化建设的整个过程。本文结合工作实际,总结归纳了做好地质资料信息化建设的四个方面,以期指导进一步工作。     

地质工作中的地质实验测试技术研究

要保证地质工作的顺利开展,首先要做好地质实验的测试工作。地质实验的好坏影响着地质工程的持续发展,也影响着地质工程的经济效益。此外,地质测试对建筑工程也具有很重要的意义。地质测试在油田开采、房屋建设和化学探矿方面均有着普遍的运用。地质测试实验因为技术上的优势,其工作的环境也得到了很好的改善。但是地质实验测试在实际的运用中还是存在着一些问题。针对当下存在的问题,本文对地质实验测试技术进行了深入的研究,从而提出了一些意见和建议,以便为今后的地质实验技术发展提供参考方向和数据。     

地质勘查技术在找矿中的应用及发展前景

随着经济的发展和科技的进步,地质勘查技术在找矿中的应用也日益广泛。本文主要探讨了地质勘查技术在找矿中的应用及发展前景。首先,介绍了地质勘查技术的重要性,然后详细阐述了地质勘查技术在找矿中的应用,包括地层分析技术、岩体工程地质勘查技术、矿产勘查技术、水文地质勘查技术、地球物理勘查技术、地球化学勘查技术、遥感技术、三维地质建模技术、地质填图技术、数值模拟技术,最后分析了地质勘查技术的发展前景。     

三维地质建模在地质勘查领域的应用与探讨

本文针对三维地质建模在地质勘查领域的应用与探讨,结合理论实践,在简要阐述三维地质建模相关概述的基础上,分析了其在地质勘查领域中的具体应用路径,并探讨了三维地质建模的用途。分析结果表明,合理应用三维地质建模,可将地质勘查结果清楚、直观、可视化的展示出来,为分析地质勘查结果提供必要的数据支持和理论指导,值得大范围推广应用。     

江西有色地质勘查局新世纪钨矿地质勘查进展

回顾了江西有色地质勘查局上世纪钨矿地质勘查工作的光辉历程,同时,详细介绍了江西有色地质勘查局新世纪近十年来的钨矿地质勘查进展。     

地质勘查信息化软件研究意义与发展趋向

为解决地质勘查信息化建设难题,构建地质勘查信息化软件建设的总体架构,本文首先从建立地质勘查业务模型入手,对地质勘查工作手段的多样性和复杂性,以及地质勘查数据的多源性和异构性进行分析,构建完成了一套相对完整实用的地质勘查信息系统。最后从实际应用的角度,阐述了地质勘查信息化软件的研究意义以及今后的发展趋向。该文的研究对于如何开展地质勘查信息化建设具有重要的指导意义。     

地质统计学在地质及矿业中的应用与发展

地质统计学是结合地质学、统计学的交叉边缘学科 ,是数学地质的一个分支。本文通过阐述地质统计学的基本原理 ,结合实例分析了地质统计学理论、方法在地质及矿业中的应用现状及应用特点 ,并展望了它的发展方向     

基于Surpac的甘冲石灰石矿地质数据库研究及应用

为解决甘冲石灰石矿矿山现有地质资料存在的许多难题,以Surpac软件系统为平台,将矿山开采和补充勘探积累的大量地质勘探资料进行综合分析和规范化处理,定义了4个地质数据库结构表,录入了全矿区32个钻孔有效数据,最后建立了甘冲石灰石矿地质数据库。同时,在建立地质数据库基础上进行了地质钻孔的三维显示,进行了地质样品的统计分析和组合分析等应用工作。     

地质勘查和深部地质找矿技术研究

本文主要简单介绍了地质勘查工作的相关内容,阐述了地质勘查工作的方法,探讨了深部地质找矿技术的应用,以加强对地质勘查和深部地质找矿技术的研究,明确地质勘查工作的重要性,不断地创新深部地质找矿技术水平,丰富深部地质找矿手段,保障矿山开采工作的顺利开展,缓解矿产资源紧张状况,充分发挥新技术、新设备的作用,推动矿产行业的可持续...     

Degradation of Extraction from Seaweed and Its Complex with Rare Earths for Organophosphorous Pesticides

On the basis of several experiments carried out in China, it was proved that both seaweed liquid fertilizer and rare earth （RE） could promote the growth of crops and increase their yield. The effects of extraction from seaweed and its complex with RE on the degradation of organophosphorous pesticides and the yield of vegetables were investigated. The resuits showed that the extract and its complex with RE could degrade organophosphorous pesticides in neutral solvent. The residues of the pesticides treated by the extract decreased by 96.88 %, 52.30%, 49.52%, and 22.88 %, respectively, for chlorpyrifos, dichlorvos, omethoate, and dimethoate, and those by the complex decreased by 95.99%, 54.23%, 48.79%, and 25.66%, respectively, when compared with the control. The residues of chlorpyrifos and dimethoate in spinach sprayed with the complex were decreased by 90.64% and 76.56%, respectively, compared with those in spinach from control plots when the interval between spraying and sampling was 8 d. The fresh weight of brassica chinensis and cabbage increased by 28.62% and 18.72%, and their dry weight increased by 44.49% and 14.74%, respectively, compared with those of the controls. The chlorpyrifos and dimethoate residues in brasscia chinese were decreased by 36.36% and 50.00%, respectively, and their rate of decrease in cabbage was 40.00% and 75.00%, respectively, on 5th day after spraying with the complex, when compared with those in the vegetable from control. These results suggest that this complex can increase the agricultural productivity and reduce the use of pesticide residues in the production of vegetables.     

焦炭在白云鄂博矿高炉冶炼中的热态性能变化

 冶金焦炭已经成为现代高炉炼铁技术所需的必备原料之一,被喻为钢铁工业的“基本食粮”,具有重要的战略价值和经济意义。随着低碳时代的来临和大喷煤技术的运用,焦炭的功能逐渐被替代。为了保证炉内的透气性以及透液性,作为高炉软熔带的“百叶窗”,焦炭作为料柱骨架和通道的作用更为突出,因此深入理解焦炭在白云鄂博矿高炉冶炼过程中的热态性能变化对指导白云鄂博矿的高效冶炼至关重要。以从包钢4号高炉中取出的入炉焦与风口焦为研究对象,使用X射线衍射仪、热重立式炉、扫描电镜、能谱仪等分析手段,对比研究了它们的基础特性、灰分的主要物相、反应性(CRI)与反应后强度(CSR)、微观孔隙结构及碱金属的含量及分布,从而得到焦炭在白云鄂博矿冶炼中的热态性能变化。结果表明,高炉中的焦炭在下降过程中发生气化反应,灰分含量提高,挥发分含量降低,SiO₂含量显著降低,但是CaO、K₂O、Na₂O、MgO等碱性氧化物含量有所增加。二次加热前期焦炭发生氮气吸附,质量没有减少反而增加;后期焦炭发生碳气化反应,质量快速下降,风口焦的反应性提高,反应后强度降低。风口焦表面出现了类似蜂窝状的孔隙,且孔隙分布不均匀,特别是被渣铁侵蚀的焦炭基质,其气孔壁变得粗糙,孔隙出现合并。碱金属在风口焦中富集,碱性氧化物含量增加。风口焦石墨碳所对应的(002)衍射峰半峰宽急剧减小,扁平峰消失,峰形尖锐。晶体结构趋向有序,石墨化程度提高。     

干湿循环和含水率对尾砂压缩固结特性的影响研究

为辅助计算尾矿存积的沉降距离,指导放矿、尾矿子坝堆筑,提高尾矿坝的经济效益.研究干湿循环作用和含水率对湖南某金属尾矿库尾砂的压缩固结特性的影响.对含水率为10％、12％、14％、16％和18％的尾砂分别进行0～5次脱湿—吸湿—再脱湿试验,借助GZQ-1型全自动高压固结仪对试样开展了快速固结试验.研究结果表明:(1)相同...     

Aerobic and Cometabolic MTBE Biodegradation at Novato and Port Hueneme

Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), a gasoline oxygenate additive, is present in groundwater aquifers at the Department of Defense Housing Facility, Novato, Calif. (Novato), and the Naval Base Ventura County, Port Hueneme, Calif. (Port Hueneme). A microcosm study was conducted to examine and compare the potential for and performance of aerobic, anaerobic, and aerobic cometabolic MTBE biodegradation processes using soils and groundwater collected from the Novato and Port Hueneme sites. Propane and butane were tested as the cometabolic growth substrates. Nitrogen requirements were tested by preparing microcosms with and without nitrate as a nitrogen source. The results of this study demonstrated the potential for aerobic MTBE biodegradation and mineralization at both sites. In the commingled, or upgradient, portion of the Novato plume, nitrate enhanced aerobic MTBE biodegradation; in the absence of nitrate or under anaerobic conditions, MTBE degradation was insignificant. Downgradient, where the groundwater was impacted only by MTBE, the MTBE was readily degraded with and without nitrate addition and without other external nutrient amendments. Mineralization studies showed that MTBE was mineralized at both sites, with maximum recoveries approaching 80% of the radiolabeled carbon added to the microcosms. In the downgradient, MTBE-only portions of both sites, the addition of propane and butane to stimulate cometabolic MTBE degradation provided negligible improvement over direct oxidation under aerobic conditions. Furthermore, when nitrate was not present, propane and butane were not degraded and the residual propane and butane in the bottles appeared to inhibit the MTBE degradation; this inhibition was most pronounced in the Port Hueneme microcosms where MTBE degradation all but ceased in the presence of residual propane and butane. In the upgradient, commingled Novato plume, propane plus nitrate-fed microcosms outperformed the aerobic, nitrate-fed microcosms; this was the only condition where cometabolism enhanced MTBE degradation over direct aerobic oxidation.     

Science and Engineering for Space: Technologies from Space 88

This paper highlights technology development for space exploration. It draws on the proceedings of Space 88, Engineering, Construction, and Operations in Space, which includes 125 papers and 1,349 pages providing in‐depth discussions of space policy, extraterrestrial basing, space stations, orbiting structures, and areas of special interest. In the space station and orbiting structures (orbital facilities) section, papers discuss the engineering, construction, and operations of orbiting space systems. Papers in the extraterrestrial basing section deal with the engineering, construction, and operations challenges faced in development of bases and operations on extraterrestrial bodies. The special interest (interacting disciplines) section provides a discussion of challenges facing us in meeting needs for space power, life support, human factors, astronomy, education, and management. The purpose of this volume on engineering, construction, and operations of facilities and bases in space is to encourage and stimulate the development of the required technologies. The concluding section of this paper focuses on space policy and a view toward the future.     

ICP-AES法测定稀土金属中的钛、钼、钨、铌和钽

针对试样特点拟定了加大称样量以减轻偏析,以浓硝酸溶解样品破坏碳化物,加入氢氟酸助溶,分离稀土基体同时络合钛、钼、钨、铌和钽的方法,无须基底匹配,采用工作曲线法成功地测定了金属镧、铈、镨、钕、钐、铕、钆、铽、镝、钇中的钛、钼、钨、铌和钽量,测定范围:0.0050%～0.50%。     

烧结燃料清洁化对NOx减排影响的中试试验

钢铁烧结工序是典型的高能耗、高物耗和高污染工序,烧结脱硝成为钢铁行业发展的最主要的难题,从源头削减NO_x的产生是有效解决方案之一。为此,建立烧结杯中试试验系统,采用清洁燃料替代的方法进行氮氧化物源头减排的研究。试验筛选出石蜡、低氮煤、甲醇3种低氮物料分别与无替代烧结NO_x进行排放比较,同时比较了烧结过程的增温速率、高温水平、高温持续时间;分析了在满足烧结热量和温度需求情况下,NO_x的减排效果以及变化规律和机理,综合分析3种物料或燃料替代减低NO_x的效果。试验结果表明,用低氮煤替代50%焦粉,NO和NO_x平均浓度分别为63.4和99.7 mg/m3,分别降低44.8%和43.9%;用石蜡替代10%焦粉,NO和NO_x平均浓度分别为48.5和76.7 mg/m3,分别下降57.8%和56.8%。从降低NO_x浓度效果来看,石蜡优于低氮煤。用甲醇替代10%焦粉和20%焦粉,虽然都有一定降低NO_x的效果,但是增温效果不能满足烧结的温度和热量要求,不适合作为替代的清洁燃料。     

高炉炼铁数据缺失处理研究初探

针对高炉炼铁过程中的数据缺失问题,提出以单维结合多维的系统化数据填补模式。总结并阐述数据缺失填补办法的发展现状以及优劣势比较。在此基础上,通过对河北某钢铁厂的实际高炉生产数据进行分类比较,并结合填补办法的优缺点,针对高炉炼铁数据提出一套以简单统计类办法、线性插值法、机器学习法等多种办法相结合的方案,以实现高炉数据的深度整合及处理,满足数据挖掘工作的供数需求。同时选取了炉顶温度、氧气管道温度作为数据样本,利用临近点中间值法、临近点均值法、线性插值法、Adaboost算法等对样本数据进行了填补且填补效果较为理想,充分验证了方案的可行性。     

Review of Psychotherapy as a human science.

Reviews the book, Psychotherapy as a human science by Daniel Burston and Roger Frie (see record 2006-12980-000). In this book, the authors show how philosophical assumptions pervade therapeutic praxis. "In our view, philosophy is inherent to the very practice of psychotherapy" (p. 2). There is a "common ground that unites the therapists of today with the philosophers of the past" (p. 17). Their effort succeeds brilliantly in reconnecting psychology and philosophy and, by that homecoming, to ground psychotherapy (including contemporary psychoanalysis) as a "human science." The book begins by sketching ideas about truth we inherit from the Greeks, then shows how Descartes and Pascal helped launch the Enlightenment with their thinking about truth and the limits of reason. Kant, Hegel, and Marx broaden the scope to include reason, the unconscious, and the course of history. Kierkegaard and Nietzsche interject angst and authenticity. Dilthey proposes a human science neither scientistic nor irrational. Husserl launches phenomenology as the proper study of experience; Scheler, Jaspers and Heidegger react in their particular ways. Freud and Jung come to loggerheads over the unconscious. Buber, Binswanger, and Boss further develop existential-phenomenological perspectives in terms of human interrelatedness. Confrontation with the other and the limits of reciprocity engage Sartre, Lacan, and Laing. Psychoanalysis grows intersubjectively through the work of Sullivan, Fromm, Merleau-Ponty, Benjamin, and Stolorow. Postmodernism's excess, Frie and Burston conclude, requires acknowledgment of an authentic self answerable for choices in life: '...[W]e are both determined by, and exercise our agency in determining, the communicative contexts in which we exist" (p. 262). Psychotherapy from this existential-phenomenological perspective becomes "a rigorous exploration of our ways of making meaning--both consciously and unconsciously" (p. 263). The book ends, then, with an affirmation of life and a call to action. All these thinkers, all these generations of lives lived, all this seeking of meaning and purpose, explanation and doubt, all this is our human lot, inherited equally. Each of us must choose, consciously or not, what to do about it. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

太行山北段梨园金矿构造地球化学特征

梨园金矿隶属太行山北段多金属成矿带,是山西省灵丘地区发现的一处中型金矿床,矿区内已发现的金矿体均赋存于NNE向断裂带中。本研究共采集677件岩石样品进行微量元素分析测试,利用迭代法计算各元素异常下限。通过相关性分析、R型聚类分析和斜交因子分析,研究各元素之间的相关关系,分析矿床成矿地质地球化学环境,厘定矿床成矿元素为Au,成矿直接指示元素组合为Cu-Pb-Zn-Ag,间接指示元素组合为As-Sb-Hg。Au元素异常主要分布在发育强烈褐铁矿化的花岗岩体、岩脉和地层中,展布方向为NE-SW向,与区域构造线方向相吻合,矿化受岩体及破碎带控制明显;指示元素异常组合分布范围与成矿元素叠合程度高,对金成矿指示作用明显。综上得到梨园金矿的构造地球化学特征,以用于本区的成矿预测,对于丰富和完善该区金矿地球化学模型有一定的指示意义。